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The ongoing adjustment and fluctuation of energy, climate, and economic policies leads to potential policy uncertainty. The potential uncertainty arising from these policies has a wide range of effects on renewable energy technology, leading to changes in investment decisions or consumption patterns. Hence, given the worldwide shift towards sustainable technologies, it is critical to assess how these policy uncertainties will affect renewable power. Given this backdrop, this study delves into the impact of energy policy uncertainty, climate policy uncertainty, economic policy uncertainty, and government effectiveness on renewable energy in the United States. The cross-quantilogram (CQ) methodology is employed by using monthly data from 2002 to 2022. The outcomes reveal that energy policy uncertainty effectively promotes renewable energy in the short run, whereas it serves as a barrier to the adoption of renewables in the long run. Economic policy uncertainty reduces renewable energy consumption in the short run, but it increases in the long run. Moreover, climate policy uncertainty accelerates the transition to low-carbon energy sources. Finally, government effectiveness is a significant supportive element of the energy transition towards renewables., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Energy transition to greener systems has been a focal point in climate policy agendas across countries as the negative environmental impacts of fossil fuel technologies have become more evident Displacing fossil fuels with clean energy alternatives in this regard is essential for meeting global climate objectives. In this context, the study analyzes the role of disaggregated renewable energy sources on fossil fuel displacement in 36 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries in the period 2000-2020. The findings demonstrate a discernible trend in the displacement of fossil fuels by various forms of renewable energy sources. It is found that to effectively displace 1% of fossil fuels, it is necessary to achieve an average increase of 1.15% in renewable generation capacity. In addition, a one-to-one displacement of fossil fuels occurs with hydropower, demonstrating its higher level of competitiveness and effectiveness in displacing fossil fuels. Moreover, there is a partial displacement of fossil fuels by solar and wind power. These findings suggest that renewable energy sources are progressively advancing towards effectively displacing fossil fuels., (© 2024. The Author(s).)