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The canine epigastric organs, their locations and visualization of these components are essential for veterinary practice and anatomical research. Despite their importance, conflicts and discrepancies in the published material, to date, still exist, even in a species that has been studied extensively. The aim of this research was to undertake computed tomography, and anatomical sections from differing views and levels in addition to the ultrasound appearance of the main organs of the epigastria region. The epigastric organs, and associated anatomical features and landmarks that affected by stomach fullness were described in relation to their relative positions, visual appearance and general anatomy for both empty and filled stomachs. These features were not only described, but also compared against the published literature., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Background: The present investigation was prepared to describe the accessory sex glands of the Barki bucks grossly and by light microscopy., Materials and Methods: There are four sex glands: ampullary, vesicular, prostate, and bulbourethral. The ampullary gland is an enlargement of the terminal part of the ductus deferens, its glandular part has branched tubuloalveolar glands, and its secretory alveoli lined with a pseudo-stratified epithelium composed of cuboidal to columnar cells. The vesicular gland takes the appearance of a cluster of grapes and the left vesicular gland is enlarged and higher than the right one. The vesicular gland is a lobulated tubuloalveolar gland with wide intralobular space and the gland contain a secretory unit which lined by pseudo-stratified columnar epithelium, and the interlobular ductules lined by the stratified epithelium, while the interlobular duct lined by simple cuboidal epithelium; moreover, the lining epithelium of secretory part consists of tall columnar cells. The prostate gland consists only of the disseminated part and is enclosed by a connective tissue capsule that was thin dorsally, thick laterally, and reduced in thickness ventrally. The prostatic acini are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium., Results: The bulbourethral gland was similar in size to the walnut and surrounded by a capsule and there are interlobular connective tissue septa that divided the gland into lobes and lobules of different sizes. The bulbourethral gland contained secretory units lined by the tall simple columnar epithelium of mucous type with basely located nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm contains granular secretion., Conclusions: The gross and microscopic examination of the four accessory sex glands gave valuable information in the future pathology diagnosis of the accessory sex glands of the Barki bucks.

The present study aimed to study the sequence of developing the oviduct of the Alexandria chicken during the embryonic and posthatching period by using the light and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination. The Mullerian duct began to appear as left and right urogenital ridges composed of stratified cuboidal epithelium at the ventrolateral aspect of the mesonephros at the 5-day-old embryo. At the 6-day-old embryo, the left urogenital ridge canalized and the tubal wall surrounded a circular lumen composed of three cellular components; inner simple columnar epithelium, multilayers of mesenchymal cells, and outer stratified cuboidal epithelium. At the 8-day-old embryo, the inner tubal layer became composed of simple-to-pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, the density of the mesenchymal cells increased, and the outer layer became simple squamous epithelium at the medial aspect of the duct and stratified epithelium at the lateral aspect of the duct. The left oviduct of the 1-day-old chick resembled the oviduct of 8-day-old embryo except the SEM observations of the tunica mucosa of the 1-day-old chick which showed extensive mucosal folds with many straight cilia. At the 1-week-old chick, the left oviduct showed a folded lumen surrounded by simple columnar ciliated epithelial layer followed by a layer of mesenchymal cells, many layers of smooth muscles surrounded the mesenchymal cells layer and outer simple squamous epithelium layer. At the 1-month-old chick, the left oviduct wall was composed of five layers surrounded by a star-shaped lumen., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.