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Background:Schools based vaccination provide opportunity for the delivery of routine vaccines, using the school as the venue of delivery. During the 2017/2018 measles vaccination campaign, the school system stakeholders were systematically engaged for buy-in to vaccinate 9-59 months old children in Lagos State, Nigeria. This paper is a report of how the Lagos state school authority were engaged for the 2018 measles vaccination campaign. It also highlights the contribution of the engagement in the overall performance of the state looking at the vaccination coverage data and comparing that with the previous campaign. Method:We reported on the role of engaging the school health system in improving coverage using a descriptive mixed-method study design. The stakeholders cutting across the government, education sector, public and private schools were identified and engaged through coordination meetings, dialogues, lobby and sensitization to support vaccination in schools. We summarized the outcome of the engagement activities, analyzed the administrative, post-campaign coverage data and compared it with the 2016 measles supplemental activities coverage. Results:A total of 12,903 schools were used as venues (vaccination posts), while 22 sensitization meetings were held with school associations. About 80% of all eligible children vaccinated in the Local Government Areas (LGAs) during the 2018 Measles Vaccination Campain (MVC), received the vaccine at schools. The lowest proportion of children vaccinated at school was 45.0% in Oshodi LGA. Surulere LGA had the highest proportion of children vaccinated in schools (95.0%). Overall, Lagos state had a weighted average coverage of 93.8% for the post-campaign coverage survey. Conclusion:The implementation of the school engagement process for supplemental immunization activities contributed to achieving high vaccination coverage as most of the children aged 9-59 months were vaccinated in schools.

平成27年3月23日授与 高知大学甲総医博第29号 青山 信隆氏学位申請論文|掲載情報 Journal of Cancer Research & Therapy. (ISSN 2052-4994) 2013, 1(9):215–219 http://dx.doi.org/10.14312/2052-4994.2013-32, 2014

PURPOSE: We report our technique and also preliminary results in the cases with localized prostate cancer treated by the combination of high-dose rate Iridium-192 (HDR-Ir192) brachytherapy and external irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1999 to August 2000, 17 patients were treated by the combination of HDR-Ir 192 and external beam. The mean age of patients was 72 years (range, 48-81 years). The clinical stage was B1 in 5, B2 in 7 and C (no cancer with seminal vesicle) in 5 cases. Of 10 patients without neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, the median initial pretreatment PSA was 15.3 ng/ml (6.93-222.32 ng/ml). The treatment was given by HDR-Ir 192 brachytherapy (6 Gy x 3 times/2 days) and external beam irradiation (40 or 45 Gy). The brachytherapy was given using TRUS guided percutaneously inserted temporary needles with a high dose rate remote afterloading control. Local control was evaluated by digital rectal examination. TRUS-guided biopsies and serum PSA evaluations. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 14 months, with a median of 8 months. RESULTS: In 4 (40.0%) of 10 patients without neoadjuvant hormonal therapy the level of serum PSA was decreased to less than 4.0 ng/ml within 3 months after the therapy. The effective grade in the biopsy specimens of 8 patients without neoadjuvant hormonal therapy was Grade Ob in 4, Grade 1 in 1, Grade 3 in 3 cases at 3 months after the therapy. No severe intra- or peri-operative complications occurred. CONCLUSION: The combined radiotherapy treatment is safe and effective for use in the patients with localized prostate cancer. However, more comprehensive studies involving long-term follow-up and great numbers of the cases with localized prostate cancer treated by the combination of HDR-Ir 192 brachytherapy and external irradiation will be necessary to determine whether this therapy contributes to better prognosis.

PURPOSE We tried to improve the materials and methods of high-dose rate Iridium-192 brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer and evaluated the stress during the treatment in 20 patients with whom the therapy was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rigid applicators made of stainless steel of 1.6 mm in diameter were indwelt with a template as usual for 30 hours in 14 patients (group A). Flexible applicators made of polyoxymethylene rosin (POM) of 2.0 mm in diameter were indwelt without a template for 30 hours after the applicator insertion in 6 patients (group B). We made inquiries about lumbago, inconvenience and necessity of assistant help and sleep in the course of therapy, and urinary incontinence and erectile function after the course of therapy as the QOL. RESULTS The stress during the course of therapy in the patients of group B was obviously less than that of group A. There were no significant differences in urinary incontinence and erectile function after the course of therapy between group A and B. CONCLUSION In this study, our trial successfully reduced the stress during the course of therapy in the patients with localized prostate cancer in the course of high-dose rate Iridium-192 brachytherapy.