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Managing a company that acts as a member of the management board and supervisory board is an extremely demanding and responsible task. Precisely for this reason, the legislation of each country has prescribed the conditions that must be met by persons who aspire to these tasks. The most important legal framework in the Republic of Croatia is the provisions of the Companies Act. The conditions that must be fulfilled by the members of the management, supervisory board, and board of directors of credit institutions are more demanding than the conditions prescribed for the members of the management structures of non- financial companies. These conditions are specified in the Credit Institutions Act. The aim of the paper is to analyse the management, supervisory board and general assembly of credit institutions in accordance with the Croatian legislation. The research was conducted on the basis of available scientific and other relevant literature.

Pogledom na kartu hrvatskog dijela Jadrana, evidentna je potreba za velikim brojem objekata pomorske signalizacije (OPS) na navedenom morskom području. Istočna obala Jadrana pogodnija je za plovidbu od zapadne iz niza razloga, no njena razvijenost ipak predstavlja veliki izazov za pomorce, kojima opasnost predstavljaju skriveni grebeni, hridi, nepoznate pličine i ine stvari koje plovidbu mogu učiniti nesigurnom, kako za posadu, tako i za brodove. Objekti pomorske signalizacije se postavljaju sukladno Pravilniku o oznakama i načinu označavanja na plovnim putovima u unutarnjim morskim vodama i teritorijalnom moru Republike Hrvatske, koji je usklađen s preporukama Međunarodne organizacije za pomorsku signalizaciju – IALA i dijele se na svjetionike, obalna svjetla, lučka svjetla, signalne postaje, svjetleće i signalne oznake i plutače te oznake pokrivnog smjera. Kako bi objekti pomorske signalizacije ispravno funkcionirali, opremljeni su velikim brojem uređaja i opreme, a sam rad potrebno je neprekidno nadzirati, posebice u noćnom periodu. Ovim radom opisana je sva elektro oprema nužna za ispravan rad obalnog svjetla Rt Višnjica, koji se nalazi na samom ulazu u luku Ploče. U navedenu opremu spadaju LED izvor svjetla, solarni uređaji za napajanje te akumulatorske baterije, a posebno je obrađena i oprema za daljinski nadzor objekta pomorske signalizacije, koji uključuje određen broj senzora, PLC (programmable logic controller) uređaj i uređaj za komunikaciju. Na kraju rada opisana je nadogradnja sustava daljinskog nadzora za nadzor izvora svjetla u LED tehnologiji, a sve sa ciljem pravovremene dojave o greškama u radu objekta te u konačnici podizanja razine sigurnosti plovidbe.

In order to improve clinical care, coordinate research activities and raise awareness for the ultra-orphan Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA) disorders, a group of NBIA clinicians and researchers, industry partners and patient advocacies from six European countries, Canada and the US joined forces in 2010 to set-up the collaborative initiative TIRCON (Treat Iron-Related Childhood-Onset Neurodegeneration). As a research project, TIRCON received funding in the 7th Framework Programme (FP7) of the European Union (EU) from 2011 to 2015. After successful and timely completion of the initial FP7 project, funding and donations from industry and patient organizations have sustained the further development of TIRCON's dedicated clinical research infrastructure and its governance architecture, as well as the ongoing efforts undertaken in the NBIA community to establish a network of care. From the beginning, the University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich, Germany has been coordinating the TIRCON initiative. It consists of 8 work packages, of which the first double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multi-site clinical trial in NBIA (deferiprone in PKAN, completed) and a global patient registry and biobank, currently comprising baseline and follow-up data of > 400 NBIA patients have gained particular importance. Here we describe TIRCON's history with all the challenges and achievements in diagnosing and treating NBIA. Today, TIRCON lays the ground for future clinical care and research. In these times, it may also serve as a good example of well-directed governmental funding and fruitful international scientific collaboration.

Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation (NBIA) is a heterogeneous group of progressive neurodegenerative diseases characterized by iron deposition in the globus pallidus and the substantia nigra. As of today, 15 distinct monogenetic disease entities have been identified. The four most common forms are pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), phospholipase A2 group VI (PLA2G6)-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN), beta-propeller protein-associated neurodegeneration (BPAN) and mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN). Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation disorders present with a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms such as movement disorder signs (dystonia, parkinsonism, chorea), pyramidal involvement (e.g., spasticity), speech disorders, cognitive decline, psychomotor retardation, and ocular abnormalities. Treatment remains largely symptomatic but new drugs are in the pipeline. In this review, we discuss the rationale of new compounds, summarize results from clinical trials, provide an overview of important results in cell lines and animal models and discuss the future development of disease-modifying therapies for NBIA disorders. A general mechanistic approach for treatment of NBIA disorders is with iron chelators which bind and remove iron. Few studies investigated the effect of deferiprone in PKAN, including a recent placebo-controlled double-blind multicenter trial, demonstrating radiological improvement with reduction of iron load in the basal ganglia and a trend to slowing of disease progression. Disease-modifying strategies address the specific metabolic pathways of the affected enzyme. Such tailor-made approaches include provision of an alternative substrate (e.g., fosmetpantotenate or 4'-phosphopantetheine for PKAN) in order to bypass the defective enzyme. A recent randomized controlled trial of fosmetpantotenate, however, did not show any significant benefit of the drug as compared to placebo, leading to early termination of the trials' extension phase. 4'-phosphopantetheine showed promising results in animal models and a clinical study in patients is currently underway. Another approach is the activation of other enzyme isoforms using small molecules (e.g., PZ-2891 in PKAN). There are also compounds which counteract downstream cellular effects. For example, deuterated polyunsaturated fatty acids (D-PUFA) may reduce mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in PLAN. In infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (a subtype of PLAN), desipramine may be repurposed as it blocks ceramide accumulation. Gene replacement therapy is still in a preclinical stage.

Definiranjem problema ovog rada zaključili smo da je problem nezaposlenosti egzistencijalni problem svakog pojedinca i zajednice. Smanjenjem stope nezaposlenosti postepeno se unaprijeđuje cijelo gospodarstvo. Nezaposlenost najjizravnije je vezana uz BDP koji je najreprezentativniji pokazatelj razvitka gospodarstva. Također, nezaposlenost ima veliki utjecaj na moral stanovništva. Velika stopa nezaposlenosti može utjecati na psihu ljudi te se smatra jednim od najvažnijih problema čovječanstva. Hrvatska se trenutno nalazi u fazi ekonomskog prosperiteta. Zahvaljujući djelovanju aktivne politike zapošljavanja, stopa nezaposlenosti iz godine u godinu sve je manja i manja. Prema podacima iz Hrvatskog zavoda za zapošljavanje, sve županije bilježe pad stope nezaposlenosti, a najveći pad ima Koprivničko-križecačka županija (69,99%). Razvojem gospodarstva Hrvatske vrlo zadovoljni su mladi ljudi (15-19 godina) jer su oni dobna skupina koja bilježi najveći pad stope nezaposlenosti. S druge strane, budućnost svjetske, tako i hrvatske ekonomije je pred izazovom globalne pandemije uzrokovane virusom COVID-19. Daljna situacija ima dva moguća scenarija. Prvi scenarij je taj da će ova pandemija biti kratkotrajna te da će se ekonomija samo malo destabilizirati. Drugi scenarij, koji nije tako vedar, je taj da će ova pandemija potrajati duže vrijeme i pretvoriti se u veliku ekonomsku krizu. Za drugi scenarij nijedna svjetska ekonomija nema rješenja, te u slučaju dugotrajne pandemija, posljedice na gospodarstvo Hrvatske pa tako i na stopu nezaposlenosti biti će drastične. Cilj ovoga rada usmjeren je na analizu i prognoziranje nezaposlenosti u Hrvatskoj. Daje se pregled strukture i kretanja nezaposlenosti u razdoblju od 2015. do 2020. godine te predviđanja kretanja nezaposlenosti s obzirom na trenutnu situaciju u državi. U radu se također donose prijedlozi mjera za smanjenje stope nezaposlenosti. By defining the problem of this paper, we can conclude that the problem of unemployment is an existential problem of an each individual and a community. By lowering the unemployment rate, the economy benefits gradually. Unemployment is directly bonded with GDP which is considered the most representative indicator of economic development. Unemployment has a great influence on the moral of a population as well. A high unemployment rate can affect the the psyche of people and is considered one of the greatest problems of humanity. Croatia is currently in the phase of economic prosperity. Beacause of the doings of active employment policy, the unemployment rate is lowering year by year. Considering the data from Croatian Employment Service, all of the counties record a drop in unemployment rate and the greates drop is recorded in Koprivničko-križevačka countie (69,99%). Young people in Croatia (age 15-19) are quite pleased with the economical growth because their age group records the largest drop in of unemployment rate. On the other hand, the future of the global, as well as the Croatian economy is facing a huge test of a global pandemic caused by the virus COVID-19. The situation can have two scenarios. The first scenario is that this pandemic is going to be short-lived and that the economy is going to have a minor setback. The other scenario, which is not very bright, is that this pandemic is going to be long-lasting and will transform into a great economical crisis. For the second scenario, none of the world's economies have a solution and if there is going to be a long-lasting pandemic, the effects on the economy of Croatia are going to be drastic. The goal of this paper is focused towards analysing and predicting the unemployment in Croatia. It presents the details of unemployment in the period of 2015. up to 2019. and predicts the possible movement of unemployment considering the current situation in the country. The paper also presents suggestions on what measures can be implemented to lower the unemployment rate.

Objective To assess neurofilaments as neurodegenerative biomarkers in serum of patients with Friedreich's ataxia. Methods Single molecule array measurements of neurofilament light (NfL) and heavy chain (pNfH) in 99 patients with genetically confirmed Friedreich's ataxia. Correlation of NfL/pNfH serum levels with disease severity, disease duration, age, age at onset, and GAA repeat length. Results Median serum levels of NfL were 21.2 pg/ml (range 3.6-49.3) in controls and 26.1 pg/ml (0-78.1) in Friedreich's ataxia (p = 0.002). pNfH levels were 23.5 pg/ml (13.3-43.3) in controls and 92 pg/ml (3.1-303) in Friedreich's ataxia (p = 0.0004). NfL levels were significantly increased in younger patients (age 16-31 years, p < 0.001) and patients aged 32-47 years (p = 0.008), but not in patients of age 48 years and older (p = 0.41). In a longitudinal assessment, there was no difference in NfL levels in 14 patients with repeated sampling 2 years after baseline measurement. Levels of NfL correlated inversely with GAA1 repeat length (r = - 0.24, p = 0.02) but not with disease severity (r = - 0.13, p = 0.22), disease duration (r = - 0.06, p = 0.53), or age at onset (r = 0.05, p = 0.62). Conclusion Serum levels of NfL and pNfH are elevated in Friedreich's ataxia, but differences to healthy controls decrease with increasing age. Long-term longitudinal data are required to explore whether this reflects a selection bias from early death of more severely affected individuals or a slowing down of the neurodegenerative process with age. In a pilot study over 2 years of follow-up-a period relevant for biomarkers indicating treatment effects-we found NfL levels to be stable.

The Adriatic Sea is covered with a large number of maritime signalling facilities, including light and signal buoys, which mark the waterways at precisely determined positions. In order for the buoys to perform their function correctly, their correct positioning is crucial. Therefore, to control the buoys position it is necessary to implement a system of constant monitoring of their position, which is not established in the Croatian part of the Adriatic yet. This paper discusses the available options for establishing such system, and it brings the results of an experimental test-device implementation on a real buoy in the Split sea area. The conclusion is made based on the experimental results, as well as the recommendation about requirements and limitation of the system.

OBJECTIVE: To provide a systematic evaluation of the broad clinical variability in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), a multisystem disorder presenting mainly with afferent ataxia but also a complex phenotype of nonataxia symptoms. METHODS: From the large database of the European Friedreich's Ataxia Consortium for Translational Studies, 650 patients with genetically confirmed FRDA were included. Detailed data of medical history documentation, questionnaires, and reports on clinical features were analyzed to provide in-depth description of the clinical profile and frequency rates of phenotypical features with a focus on differences between typical-onset and late-onset FRDA. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify predictors for the presence of the most common clinical features. RESULTS: The most frequent clinical features beyond afferent ataxia were abnormal eye movements (90.5%), scoliosis (73.5%), deformities of the feet (58.8%), urinary dysfunction (42.8%), cardiomyopathy and cardiac hypertrophy (40.3%), followed by decreased visual acuity (36.8%); less frequent features were, among others, depression (14.1%) and diabetes (7.1%). Most of these features were more common in the typical-onset group compared to the late-onset group. Logistic regression models for the presence of these symptoms demonstrated the predictive value of GAA repeat length on the shorter allele and age at onset, but also severity of ataxia signs, sex, and presence of neonatal problems. CONCLUSIONS: This joint European effort demonstrates the multisystem nature of this neurodegenerative disease encompassing most the central nervous, neuromuscular, cardiologic, and sensory systems. A distinct and deeper knowledge of this rare and chronic disease is highly relevant for clinical practice and designs of clinical trials., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

In the last couple of years, the Republic of Croatia has witnessed a growth in the number of postal parcels. In this paper, by applying quantitative methods, we perform the decomposition of a time series, where the development of the number of parcels is decomposed into the part which refers to the influence of the season and the part which refers to the irregular component, i.e. the unexplained part. We also perform an estimate of the developments of the number of parcels until 2025 by using the exponential trend, where the developments of the parcel number variable are estimated without the influence of the season. The research has established the influence of the season, where highest parcel traffic is achieved in the fourth quarters. By applying the exponential trend model, it has been established that in every following period, a growth in the number of parcels by 2.75% is to be expected.

This paper studies the impact of yields movements on the long-term sovereign bonds on foreign exchange volatility in the Eurozone from the beginning of 2003 to the end of 2013. Using such a period of time allowed us to carry out separate analysis before and after the global financial crisis. Namely, today in the world of free financial flows the exchange rate is one of the most important indicators of the country’s stability. After the emergence of the global financial crisis, state stability is again in the main focus of investors. The Eurozone countries rocked the debt crisis after the global financial crisis. One of the specificities of the Eurozone compared to the rest of the world is that a common currency exists, while all member states are issuing government bonds individually and have a separate fiscal policy. With the arrival of turbulence in financial markets, investors have different perceptions of the quality of government bonds of member countries. A change of government bond yields indicates, also, a change in the perception of risk of investing in the financial assets of countries from the Eurozone. This changed perception of risk is causing the movement of capital among countries and consequently is resulting in a change in the Euro and US dollar exchange rate. The results of our empirical study proved that three member states have the greatest impacts on the movement of capital between Euro and Dollar assets: namely Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Germany.

Istraživanjem se nastojalo utvrditi postoji li razlika u općoj inteligenciji i u određenim osobinama ličnosti između vojnika, dočasnika i časnika, a svi su dragovoljci i ratni veterani, a u trenutku pristupanja u Hrvatsku vojsku svi su bili srednje stručne spreme i bez formalne vojne izobrazbe. U svakoj skupini je bilo po 60 ispitanika. Pokazalo se da postoji statistički značajna razlika u inteligenciji između vojnika i časnika (časnici su inteligentniji), dok razlika u inteligenciji između vojnika i dočasnika te između dočasnika i časnika nije utvrđena kao statistički značajna. Dakle, inteligencija je bila značajna determinanta za postignut položaj u vojnoj hijerarhiji. Postoji statistički značajna razlika između vojnika i časnika po dimenzijama „Reprodukcija“ i „Deprivacija“ Plutchikovog Indeksa profila emocija (PIE). Na dimenziji „Reprodukcija“ vojnici su postigli statistički značajno niži, a na dimenziji „Deprivacija“ statistički značajno viši rezultat od časnika. Po ostalim dimenzijama upitnika osobnosti PIE tri skupine ispitanika ne razlikuju se statistički značajno. Razmjerno male razlike po određenim dimenzijama upitnika ličnosti PIE su bile očekivane s obzirom da je na ispitanicima sve tri skupine u sklopu ulaznog zdravstvenog pregleda napravljena psihologijska selekcija za ulazak u profesionalni sastav, odnosno da su selekcionirani po pitanju strukture osobnosti poželjne za vojnički poziv. Dobiveni su trendovi razlika u ličnosti u funkciji položaja u zapovjednoj hijerarhiji sukladni dosadašnjim znanstvenim spoznajama u tom području psihologije.

Journal of neurology -, - (2020). doi:10.1007/s00415-020-09722-6, Published by Springer37620, Berlin