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22. Sediment deformation and hydrogeology of the Nankai Trough accretionary prism: Synthesis of shipboard results of ODP Leg 131

Author

Taira, A., primary, Hill, I., additional, Firth, J., additional, Berner, U., additional, Brückmann, W., additional, Byrne, T., additional, Chabernaud, T., additional, Fisher, A., additional, Foucher, J.-P., additional, Gamo, T., additional, Gieskes, J., additional, Hyndman, R., additional, Karig, D., additional, Kastner, M., additional, Kato, Y., additional, Lallemant, S., additional, Lu, R., additional, Maltman, A., additional, Moore, G., additional, Moran, K., additional, Olaffson, G., additional, Owens, W., additional, Pickering, K., additional, Siena, F., additional, Taylor, E., additional, Underwood, M., additional, Wilkinson, C., additional, Yamano, M., additional, and Zhang, J., additional

Published
1992
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30. Kinematics of the Philippine Sea Plate.

Author

Ranken, B., Cardwell, R. K., and Karig, D. E.

Abstract

In this study new instantaneous rotation vectors describing the motion of the Philippine Sea plate relative to surrounding plates are determined that most nearly satisfy all available geological, geophysical and seismological observations along the plate margins. Pacific-Philippine and Caroline-Pacific, poles are generated from a set of trial Eurasia-Philippine poles of rotation, using published determinations of the Eurasia-Pacific and Caroline-Philippine poles. The Pacific-Philippine, Caroline-Pacific, and Eurasia-Philippine poles are then checked for agreement with: (1) slip vectors determined from focal mechanisms of earthquakes along the Ryukyu trench and the Nankai trough, (2) convergence at the Sagami trough, (3) extension in the Mariana trough, (4) extension behind the Bonin trench, (5) extension in the western Sorol trough, and (6) convergence at the Mussau trench. Trial Eurasia-Philippine poles are eliminated if predicted plate motions do not match observed plate motions. The locations and rotation rates of the three best fitting poles are Eurasia-Philippine: 37.0°N, 141.0°E, 1.60°/Ma; Pacific-Philippine: 3.8°N, 130.4°E, 1.68°/Ma; Caroline-Pacific: 16.9°N, 141.4°E, 0.54°/Ma. The plate motions predicted by these new poles are compared with the spatial distribution of earthquakes and new focal mechanism solutions in the complex region where the Philippine, Pacific, and Caroline plates intersect. Intermediate and deep focus earthquake hypocenters along the southern Mariana arc show a southward decrease in the length of the seismic zone which qualitatively agrees with the predicted convergence rate as the pole of rotation is approached and as the effect of back arc spreading in the Mariana trough disappears. The absence of volcanism and intermediate-depth seismicity along the southernmost Mariana, Yap, and Palau sections of the plate boundary is attributed to very low convergence rates. A new focal mechanism solution along the trench south of Guam is the first clear underthrusting solution found along the Mariana trench and agrees with the convergence direction implied by the Pacific-Philippine pole of rotation. No clear underthrusting focal mechanism solutions were found along the Yap and Palau trenches, although three high-angle thrust solutions demonstrate that compression is occurring in the upper plate, perpendicular to the plate boundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1984
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34. Origin of the West Philippine Basin

Author

KARIG, D., INGLE, J. C., BOUMA, A. H., ELLIS, H., HAILE, N., KOIZUMI, I., MACGREGOR, I. D., MOORE, C., UJIIE, H., WATANABE, T., WHITE, S. M., YASUI, M., and LING, H. YI

Abstract

Several alternative modes of development for the West Philippine Basin have been suggested during the past few years. The results of Deep Sea Drilling Project leg 31 indicate that none of these speculations is correct and that the basin probably formed by complex pulses of extension during the early Tertiary. A striking lineament which trends northwest across the basin, variously called the Central Basin Fault or Philippine Ridge, had previously been identified as an extinct spreading ridge of Mesozoic to early Tertiary age. On the contrary, this feature is probably a strike slip fault, possibly with a left-lateral displacement.

Published
1973
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35. Active Tectonics in the Hellenic Trench

Author

Le Pichon, X, Huchon, P, Angelier, J, Lyberis, N, Boulin, J, Bureau, D, Cadet, J P, Blanchet, R, Montadert, L, Dercourt, J, Glacon, G, Got, H, Karig, D, Mascle, J, Ricou, Le, and Thiebault, F

Abstract

Active deformation of the sea-floor of the Hellenic trench has been observed using the Cyana SP-3000 submersible. The strain pattern observed on a scale of a few kilometers is similar to the one deduced from an analysis of Seabeam morphological maps on a scale of tens of kilometers. The overall strain pattern is compatible with subduction of the Mediterranean sea-floor toward the northeast. It is characterized by underthrusting in the Western Ionian branch and left-lateral strike-slip faulting in the Eastern Strabo branch.

Published
1981

36. Late Cenozoic subduction and continental margin truncation along the northern Middle America Trench

Author

Karig, D. E., Cardwell, R. K., Moore, G. F., Moore, D. G., Karig, D. E., Cardwell, R. K., Moore, G. F., and Moore, D. G.

Abstract

The narrow inner trench slope and the truncated igneous and metamorphic terrane along the west coast of Mexico between Cabo Corrientes and the Gulf of Tehuantepec indicate that part of the continental margin has in some way been removed during the process of subduction. However, a detailed marine geophysical survey of the inner trench slope near Acapulco indicates that this removal is not occurring now. South-southwest–trending magnetic anomalies produced by the Xolapa metamorphic complex extend seaward only 20 to 30 km. Oceanic magnetic anomalies that trend N50°W extend as much as 30 km landward of the trench. The boundary between these two magnetic patterns lies landward of the trench-slope break and beneath the upper-slope sediment pile. The nonmagnetic material forming the acoustic basement trenchward of the metamorphic rocks is interpreted to consist of late Miocene to Holocene deformed trench-floor turbidites. Deformation associated with subduction has reversed the gradients of several submarine canyons and tilted the seaward edge of the upper-slope sediment pile away from the trench. The morphology and structure of the inner trench slope is typical of accreting trench-arc systems, although the morphotectonic units in this system are smaller than usual. Accretion since late Miocene time is suggested by the age of dredged slope sediments and by analysis of offshore magnetic anomalies, which indicate a change from right-lateral oblique to perpendicular subduction at that time. Removal of the continental margin probably occurred intermittently between Late Cretaceous and late Miocene time. Possible mechanisms include subduction of continental crust (tectonic erosion), left-lateral translation associated with the Caribbean–North American plate boundary, and right-lateral translation associated with oblique subduction between the Farallon or Cocos plates and the North American plate. Geological data favor right-lateral offset and suggest that some of the missing ma

Published
1978
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42. Subduction in the Hellenic Trench: probable role of a thick evaporitic layer based on Seabeam and submersible studies

Author

Le Pichon, X., primary, Huchon, P., additional, Angelier, J., additional, Lybéris, N., additional, Boulin, J., additional, Bureau, D., additional, Cadet, J.P., additional, Dercourt, J., additional, Glaçon, G., additional, Got, H., additional, Karig, D., additional, Mascle, J., additional, Ricou, L.E., additional, and Thiebault, F., additional

Published
1982
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