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15 results on '"Karembé, Moussa"'

1. Change in dominance determines herbivore effects on plant biodiversity

Author

Koerner, Sally E, Smith, Melinda D, Burkepile, Deron E, Hanan, Niall P, Avolio, Meghan L, Collins, Scott L, Knapp, Alan K, Lemoine, Nathan P, Forrestel, Elisabeth J, Eby, Stephanie, Thompson, Dave I, Aguado-Santacruz, Gerardo A, Anderson, John P, Anderson, T Michael, Angassa, Ayana, Bagchi, Sumanta, Bakker, Elisabeth S, Bastin, Gary, Baur, Lauren E, Beard, Karen H, Beever, Erik A, Bohlen, Patrick J, Boughton, Elizabeth H, Canestro, Don, Cesa, Ariela, Chaneton, Enrique, Cheng, Jimin, D’Antonio, Carla M, Deleglise, Claire, Dembélé, Fadiala, Dorrough, Josh, Eldridge, David J, Fernandez-Going, Barbara, Fernández-Lugo, Silvia, Fraser, Lauchlan H, Freedman, Bill, García-Salgado, Gonzalo, Goheen, Jacob R, Guo, Liang, Husheer, Sean, Karembé, Moussa, Knops, Johannes MH, Kraaij, Tineke, Kulmatiski, Andrew, Kytöviita, Minna-Maarit, Lezama, Felipe, Loucougaray, Gregory, Loydi, Alejandro, Milchunas, Dan G, Milton, Suzanne J, Morgan, John W, Moxham, Claire, Nehring, Kyle C, Olff, Han, Palmer, Todd M, Rebollo, Salvador, Riginos, Corinna, Risch, Anita C, Rueda, Marta, Sankaran, Mahesh, Sasaki, Takehiro, Schoenecker, Kathryn A, Schultz, Nick L, Schütz, Martin, Schwabe, Angelika, Siebert, Frances, Smit, Christian, Stahlheber, Karen A, Storm, Christian, Strong, Dustin J, Su, Jishuai, Tiruvaimozhi, Yadugiri V, Tyler, Claudia, Val, James, Vandegehuchte, Martijn L, Veblen, Kari E, Vermeire, Lance T, Ward, David, Wu, Jianshuang, Young, Truman P, Yu, Qiang, and Zelikova, Tamara Jane

Subjects
Life Below Water, Animals, Biodiversity, Desert Climate, Grassland, Herbivory, Mammals, Plants
Abstract

Herbivores alter plant biodiversity (species richness) in many of the world's ecosystems, but the magnitude and the direction of herbivore effects on biodiversity vary widely within and among ecosystems. One current theory predicts that herbivores enhance plant biodiversity at high productivity but have the opposite effect at low productivity. Yet, empirical support for the importance of site productivity as a mediator of these herbivore impacts is equivocal. Here, we synthesize data from 252 large-herbivore exclusion studies, spanning a 20-fold range in site productivity, to test an alternative hypothesis-that herbivore-induced changes in the competitive environment determine the response of plant biodiversity to herbivory irrespective of productivity. Under this hypothesis, when herbivores reduce the abundance (biomass, cover) of dominant species (for example, because the dominant plant is palatable), additional resources become available to support new species, thereby increasing biodiversity. By contrast, if herbivores promote high dominance by increasing the abundance of herbivory-resistant, unpalatable species, then resource availability for other species decreases reducing biodiversity. We show that herbivore-induced change in dominance, independent of site productivity or precipitation (a proxy for productivity), is the best predictor of herbivore effects on biodiversity in grassland and savannah sites. Given that most herbaceous ecosystems are dominated by one or a few species, altering the competitive environment via herbivores or by other means may be an effective strategy for conserving biodiversity in grasslands and savannahs globally.

Published
2018

3. Development of dual-purpose sorghum in Mali provide agroecological intensification of livestock farming

Author

Doumbia, Mohamed, Vaksmann, Michel, Sissoko, Aliou, Diakité, Mahamadou, Thera, Korothimi, Sissoko, Salifou, Témé, Niaba, Tekete, Mohamed Lamine, Yebedié, Ankounidjou, Sanogo, Sekouba, Kamissoko, Sayon, Yoroté, Abdouramane, Maiga, Alfousseiny, Bereté, Brahima, Karembé, Moussa, Coulibaly, Harouna, Doumbia, Mohamed, Vaksmann, Michel, Sissoko, Aliou, Diakité, Mahamadou, Thera, Korothimi, Sissoko, Salifou, Témé, Niaba, Tekete, Mohamed Lamine, Yebedié, Ankounidjou, Sanogo, Sekouba, Kamissoko, Sayon, Yoroté, Abdouramane, Maiga, Alfousseiny, Bereté, Brahima, Karembé, Moussa, and Coulibaly, Harouna

Abstract

Context: Rural community land saturation and intensive livestock farming lead to new fodder demands no longer satisfied by the current systems. Livestock and crop farmers satisfy currently their fodder demand by growing maize which is rapidly expanding over traditional cereals resulting in a significant agricultural biodiversity decline. Breeding innovative novel double purpose sorghum varieties sorghum will help develop value chains around fodder production. This new fodder will bear a positive impact on farmers' incomes, particularly around urban centers where fodder shortages are a brake on intensive cattle farming. Material and Method: Sorghum varieties with improved fodder quality and higher biomass yield, integrating the bmr gene (better digestibility) were developed. Phenology and above ground biomass establishment were carried out to calibrate crop models to predict novel varieties adaptation. Feeding value was determined using near-infrared spectroscopy while productivity was confirmed through a multilocation trial network. Results and Discussion: Similar to landraces, new varieties, sensitive to photoperiod, adjust maturity according to the end of rainy season. Photoperiodic varieties are therefore naturally adapted to climate variability, which is the main expected effect of climate change. Biomass produced by new sorghum varieties exceeds that of maize. Using dwarf plants or late planting increases stover quality but also reduces biomass production while bmr trait introgression allows us to reduce stem lignin content without affecting yield potential. Many traits inherited from landraces (photoperiod, tillering, plant height and grain quality) that have long often been overlooked are now important stakes in breeding programs. Sorghum is known for its good water and mineral use efficiency, but crop models must be adapted to specific case of photoperiodic sorghums. Conclusion: This research, which reconciles science and local knowledge, will lead to the co

Published
2023

6. Potentialités pastorales des formations sahéliennes du ranch de Niono au Mali

Author

COULIBALY Nouhoum, DIAWARA Mamadou Oumar, BA Alassane, KONÉ Abdoul Kader, COULIBALY Doubangolo, and KAREMBÉ Moussa

Subjects
forage resources, type of formation, stocking rate, Sahelian zone, Mali, African Scientific Journal
Abstract

Résumé Les parcours constituent la principale source d’alimentation du bétail au Sahel. Ces formations naturelles sont sous l’influence de nombreux facteurs dont la croissance démographique, l’accroissement des effectifs de bétail et la forte variabilité pluviométrique qui caractérise la région. Les parcours du ranch de Niono situés dans la zone sahélienne du Mali, jadis exclusivement exploités par les animaux de la station de recherche, sont soumis à une importante pression pastorale de la part de troupeaux résidents et non-résidents. L’étude avait pour objectif de caractériser les formations sahéliennes du ranch dans un contexte de profondes mutations. Pour caractériser la strate herbacée, un inventaire des principales espèces avec la méthode des points quadrats alignés couplée à la méthode des carrés de rendements de 1x1m ont été mobilisées. La structure de la strate ligneuse a été déterminée par la méthode de dénombrement des individus dans des cercles de 625 à 1250 m² (12 placettes). L’étude révèle une diversité floristique de 40 espèces d’herbacées annuelles dont les plus importantes sontZornia glochidiata,Schenofeldia gracilisetBracharia xantholeuca. La production moyenne de phytomasse herbacée a été 1847 kg MS/ha en 2016. La strate ligneuse est constituée de 23 espèces reparties en dix familles dominées par celles des combrétacées (75%), suivies des Papilionacées (11%). La capacité de charge de la zone d’étude a varié entre 0,2 et 0,3 UBT/ha/an avec une valeur pastorale de 36,78%. Mots clés:ressources fourragères, type de formation, charge animale, zone sahélienne, Mali Abstract Rangelands are the main source of livestock feed in the Sahel. These natural types of vegetation formations are influenced by many factors, including population growth, increasing livestock numbers and the high rainfall variability that characterizes the region. The rangelands of the Niono ranch, located in the Sahelian zone of Mali, once used exclusively by the research station's animals, are subject to significant grazing pressure from resident and non-resident herds. This study aims to characterize the Sahelian rangelands of the ranch in a context of major changes. To characterize the herbaceous stratum, an inventory of the main species with the method of aligned quadrats coupled with the method of 1x1m yield squares were mobilized. The structure of the woody stratum was determined by counting individuals in circles of 625 to 1250 m² (12 plots). The study reveals a floristic diversity of 40 species of annual herbaceous vegetation, the most important of which areZornia glochidiata,Schenofeldia gracilisandBracharia xantholeuca. The average herbaceous phytomass production was 1847 kg DM/ha in 2016. The woody stratum is made up of 23 species divided into ten families dominated by those of the Combretaceae (75%), followed by the Papilionaceae (11%). The stocking rate of the study area varied between 0.2 and 0.3 TLU/ha/year, i.e. with a pastoral value of 36,78%. Keywords:forage resources, type of formation, stocking rate, Sahelian zone, Mali

Published
2022
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7. Pastoral potential of the Sahelian rangelands of the Niono Ranch in Mali

Author

COULIBALY Nouhoum, DIAWARA Mamadou Oumar, BA Alassane, KONÉ Abdoul Kader, DIALLO Fousseni, COULIBALY Doubangolo, and KAREMBÉ Moussa

Subjects
forage resources, type of formation, stocking rate, Sahelian zone, Mali, African Scientific Journal
Abstract

Résumé Les parcours constituent la principale source d’alimentation du bétail au Sahel. Ces formations naturelles sont sous l’influence de nombreux facteurs dont la croissance démographique, l’accroissement des effectifs de bétail et la forte variabilité pluviométrique qui caractérise la région. Les parcours du ranch de Niono situés dans la zone sahélienne du Mali, jadis exclusivement exploités par les animaux de la station de recherche, sont soumis à une importante pression pastorale de la part de troupeaux résidents et non-résidents. L’étude avait pour objectif de caractériser les formations sahéliennes du ranch dans un contexte de profondes mutations. Pour caractériser la strate herbacée, un inventaire des principales espèces avec la méthode des points quadrats alignés couplée à la méthode des carrés de rendements de 1x1m ont été mobilisées. La structure de la strate ligneuse a été déterminée par la méthode de dénombrement des individus dans des cercles de 625 à 1250 m² (12 placettes). L’étude révèle une diversité floristique de 40 espèces d’herbacées annuelles dont les plus importantes sont Zornia glochidiata, Schenofeldia gracilis et Bracharia xantholeuca. La production moyenne de phytomasse herbacée a été 1847 kg MS/ha en 2016. La strate ligneuse est constituée de 23 espèces reparties en dix familles dominées par celles des combrétacées (75%), suivies des Papilionacées (11%). La capacité de charge de la zone d’étude a varié entre 0,2 et 0,3 UBT/ha/an avec une valeur pastorale de 36,78%. Mots clés: ressources fourragères, type de formation, charge animale, zone sahélienne, Mali Abstract Rangelands are the main source of livestock feed in the Sahel. These natural types of vegetation formations are influenced by many factors, including population growth, increasing livestock numbers and the high rainfall variability that characterizes the region. The rangelands of the Niono ranch, located in the Sahelian zone of Mali, once used exclusively by the research station's animals, are subject to significant grazing pressure from resident and non-resident herds. This study aims to characterize the Sahelian rangelands of the ranch in a context of major changes. To characterize the herbaceous stratum, an inventory of the main species with the method of aligned quadrats coupled with the method of 1x1m yield squares were mobilized. The structure of the woody stratum was determined by counting individuals in circles of 625 to 1250 m² (12 plots). The study reveals a floristic diversity of 40 species of annual herbaceous vegetation, the most important of which are Zornia glochidiata, Schenofeldia gracilis and Bracharia xantholeuca. The average herbaceous phytomass production was 1847 kg DM/ha in 2016. The woody stratum is made up of 23 species divided into ten families dominated by those of the Combretaceae (75%), followed by the Papilionaceae (11%). The stocking rate of the study area varied between 0.2 and 0.3 TLU/ha/year, i.e. with a pastoral value of 36,78%. Keywords:forage resources, type of formation, stocking rate, Sahelian zone, Mali

Published
2022
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15. Tree formations in relation with soil and grasses in a dry savanna in Mali, West Africa.

Author

Picard, Nicolas, Gu&éguen, Katell, Abdoulaye, Haroun A., Diarisso, Dalla, Karembé, Moussa, Birnbaum, Philippe, and Nasi, Robert

Subjects
SAVANNAS, GRASSLANDS, TREES, SOILS
Abstract

Copyright of African Journal of Ecology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2005
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