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Iron deficiency (ID) has important effects on both animals and humans, causing illness and nonspecific signs. The blood changes associated with ID develop as a decrease in some erythrocyte parameters and microcytic anaemia. In this study, 175 blood samples from dogs were obtained for the measurement of complete blood count (CBC), copper, and iron profiles that included serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TS%), unbound iron binding capacity (UIBC), and canine ferritin. The cut-off values for serum iron and TS% were found using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve test. The estimated cutoffs for the diagnosis of iron deficiency in the dogs were 115.74 mg/dL (serum iron) and 34.07% (TS%). The dogs with serum iron = 115.74 mg/dL and TS% = 34.07 were iron deficient. The dogs were divided into three groups based on the ROC curve results: iron deficiency (ID), iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), and non-iron deficiency anaemia (NIDA). The iron concentration and TS% of ID and IDA dogs were significantly lower than those of NIDA dogs, while the TIBC, UIBC, and ferritin did not differ among groups. The serum copper was not significantly lower in dogs with ID, but in the ID group (85.85±11.30 mg/dL) was less than levels in IDA and NIDA dogs (98.46±15.92 and 78.69±11.77, respectively). The study concluded that the ROC curve and area under the curve provided guidelines for the diagnostic accuracy of tests and the diagnosis of iron deficiency in dogs. The coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width (RDWc) was significantly higher when iron deficiency anaemia developed, as indicated by red blood cell (RBC) anisocytosis. The decreases in serum iron and TS% were considered "golden tests" for the diagnosis of IDA in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chest wall tumor resection can result in a large defect that can pose a challenge in reconstruction in restoring chest wall contour, maintaining respiratory mechanics, and improving cosmesis. Titanium plates were first introduced for treating a traumatic flail chest, which yielded promising results in restoring chest wall stability. Subsequently, the applications of titanium plates in chest wall reconstruction surgery were demonstrated in case reports and series. Our center has adopted this technique for a decade, and patients are actively followed up after operation. Here, we retrospectively analyze our 10-year experience of using titanium plates and other reconstruction approaches for chest wall reconstruction, in terms of clinical outcomes, complications, and reasons for reoperation to determine long-term safety and efficacy. Thirty-eight patients who underwent chest wall resection and reconstruction surgery were identified. Of these, 11 had titanium plate insertion, 11 had patch repair or flap reconstruction, and the remaining 16 had primary closure of defects. Chest wall reconstruction using titanium plate(s) and patch repair (with or without flap reconstruction) was associated with larger chest wall defects and more sternal resections than primary closure. Subgroup analysis also showed that reconstruction by the titanium plate technique was associated with larger chest wall defects than patch repair or flap reconstruction [286.80 cm2 vs. 140.91 cm2 (p = 0.083)]. There was no 30-day hospital mortality. Post-operative arrhythmia was more commonly seen following chest wall reconstruction compared with primary closure (p = 0.041). Furthermore, more wound infections were detected following the use of titanium plate reconstruction compared with the patch repair (with or without flap reconstruction) approach (p = 0.027). In conclusion, the titanium plate system is a safe, effective, and robust approach for chest wall reconstruction surgery, especially in tackling larger defect sizes.

Quite a large number of Iraqi – Iran war victims as well as casualties of Kurdish revolution since 1961 now making a noticeable ratio of the disablers population in Kurdistan of Iraq. In fact, recent uprising also did contribute in raising the number of the injured and handicaps within Kurdish community. Actually, all these people almost got no easy way for participating in entertainment within this park, or any similar parks in Erbil (Hawler). All these are because of lack of suitable road and even special gates within such parks. In fact, even babies and nurseries are in need to such gate and ways that is absent so far. A review of the actual design and pointing out the stages of establishing points in this respect will be the goal of the present study for such and other parks in the region in order to reduce the existing gaps in designing, planning and in constitution of any parks. Present study is concentrating on the effect on disablers, the psychological and physical effects on crippled individuals, and the effects on disability institutions. Sami Abdulrahman Park is one of Erbil's largest parks, present study's primary goal is to build a system that addresses issues with disabled people's access to these parks. According to studies, the existence of inaccessibility is routed, and cities are referred to eliminate it; design measures with interior locations are then used to suggest presenting options. Using sketches, photos, and interviews, researchers record the park's landscape design sites—entrances, streets, pedestrian crossings, parking lots, ramps, urban furniture, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to address the identity struggles experienced by the female protagonists in The Kitchen God’s Wife. Through a detailed textual analysis, the study investigates how the novel portrays the conflicts faced by Chinese-American women in reconciling their dual cultural identities. In this novel, Amy Tan vividly illustrates Winnie Louie’s culturally transformative experiences as a Chinese immigrant woman and their enduring impact on her sense of self, particularly in relation to her American-born daughter, Pearl. Tan emphasizes the intergenerational tensions arising from differing cultural expectations and personal histories. This paper employs Erik Erikson’s Psychosocial Development Theory as a research method to explain the identity conflict within the characters, focusing on Winnie’s past traumatic experiences and their role in shaping her identity. The study explores how these issues lead to significant conflicts with her daughter, Pearl. In addition, Tan introduces a feminist struggle over culture and identity between Winnie and Pearl due to their differing perspectives on life in the US. Their quest is for identity and self-discovery. The result of this paper demonstrates to what extent communication between mother and daughter aids in resolving the identity struggles that they experience, empowering them to assert their power in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]