718 results on '"Karch, Andreas"'
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2. Universal Bound on Effective Central Charge and Its Saturation
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Karch, Andreas, Kusuki, Yuya, Ooguri, Hirosi, Sun, Hao-Yu, and Wang, Mianqi
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
The effective central charge (denoted by $c_{\text{eff}}$) is a measure of entanglement through a conformal interface, while the transmission coefficient (encoded in the coefficient $c_{LR}$ of the two-point function of the energy-momentum tensor across the interface) is a measure of energy transmission through the interface. It has been pointed out that these two are generally different. In this article, we propose the inequalities, $0 \leq c_{LR} \leq c_{\text{eff}} \leq \min (c_L,c_R)$. They have the simple but important implication that the amount of energy transmission can never exceed the amount of information transmission. We verify them using the AdS/CFT correspondence, using the perturbation method, and in examples beyond holography. We also show that these inequalities are sharp by constructing a class of interfaces that saturate them., Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure + 4 pages, few comments added
- Published
- 2024
3. AdS Higgs mechanism from double trace deformed CFT
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Karch, Andreas, Wang, Mianqi, and Youssef, Merna
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
Explicit breaking of a global symmetry in a conformal field theory is holographically dual to giving mass to a gauge field living in AdS via the Higgs mechanism. We show that if this breaking is induced via a double trace deformation the Higgs mechanism is induced via a scalar loop diagram. The mass can be calculated analytically in both bulk and field theory and we find perfect agreement. While representing familiar physics, the mechanism is identical to how the graviton picks up a mass in the holographic dual of a conformal field theory coupled to a bath.
- Published
- 2023
4. Transmission coefficient of super-Janus solution
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Baig, Saba Asif, Karch, Andreas, and Wang, Mianqi
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- 2024
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5. Universality of Effective Central Charge in Interface CFTs
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Karch, Andreas, Kusuki, Yuya, Ooguri, Hirosi, Sun, Hao-Yu, and Wang, Mianqi
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
When an interface connects two CFTs, the entanglement entropy between the two CFTs is determined by a quantity called the effective central charge. The effective central charge does not have a simple form in terms of the central charges of the two CFTs, but intricately depends on the transmissive properties of the interface. In this article, we examine universal properties of the effective central charge. We first clarify how the effective central charge appears when considering general subsystems of the interface CFT. Then using this result and ideas used in the proof of the $c$-theorem, we provide a universal upper bound on the effective central charge. In past studies, the effective central charge was defined only in two dimensions. We propose an analogue of the effective central charge in general dimensions possessing similar universal properties as in two dimensions., Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures, revising an error in Section 3.3 and adding some explanations in Section 3.1
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- 2023
6. Constraining braneworlds with entanglement entropy
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Geng, Hao, Karch, Andreas, Perez-Pardavila, Carlos, Randall, Lisa, Riojas, Marcos, Shashi, Sanjit, and Youssef, Merna
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
We propose swampland criteria for braneworlds viewed as effective field theories of defects coupled to semiclassical gravity. We do this by exploiting their holographic interpretation. We focus on general features of entanglement entropies and their holographic calculations. Entropies have to be positive. Furthermore, causality imposes certain constraints on the surfaces that are used holographically to compute them, most notably a property known as causal wedge inclusion. As a test case, we explicitly constrain the Dvali--Gabadadze--Porrati term as a second-order-in-derivatives correction to the Randall--Sundrum action. We conclude by discussing the implications of these criteria for the question on whether entanglement islands in theories with massless gravitons are possible in Karch--Randall braneworlds., Comment: 38 pages + references, 8 figures; v2: several clarifications made; refined argument for positivity of entanglement entropy; references added; typos fixed; matches published version
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- 2023
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7. Spacetime Subsystem Symmetries
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Baig, Saba Asif, Distler, Jacques, Karch, Andreas, Raz, Amir, and Sun, Hao-Yu
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Mathematical Physics - Abstract
One characteristic feature of many fractonic lattice models, and a defining property of the exotic field theories developed to describe them, are subsystem symmetries including a conservation of not just net electric charge but also electric dipole moments or charges living on submanifolds. So far all such theories were based on internal subsystem symmetries. In this work we generalize the notion of subsystem symmetries to system with subsystem spacetime symmetries with locally conserved energies., Comment: 7 pages. V2: references added, minor error fixed
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- 2023
8. Subregion Entropy for the Doubly Holographic Global Black String
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Karch, Andreas, Perez-Pardavila, Carlos, Riojas, Marcos, and Youssef, Merna
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We study the growth of entanglement entropy in a doubly holographic model of gravity for a spherical AdS black hole. Compared to previous work, which was limited to the case of planar black holes, this introduces an extra scale to the problem. This allows us to analyze the interplay between the reorganization of entanglement entropy due to island formation and the onset of the Hawking-Page phase transition and to find the appearance of a new critical black hole radius unrelated to the thermodynamics. We also find that the geometry of the Ryu-Takayanagi surface capturing the physics of islands exhibits drastically different behavior than in the planar case., Comment: 25 pages + references, 8 figures, v2: Discussion of the GL-HP connection corrected to more accurately reflect recent literature
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- 2023
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9. Universal Behavior of Entanglement Entropies in Interface CFTs from General Holographic Spacetimes
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Karch, Andreas and Wang, Mianqi
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
In previous work universal behavior was conjectured for the behavior of the logarithmic terms in the entanglement entropy of intervals in 1+1 dimensional interface conformal field theories (ICFTs). These putative universal terms were exhibited both in free field theories as well as a large class of holographic models. In this work we demonstrate that this same behavior in fact is realized in any holographic ICFT, significantly strengthening the case for the conjecture., Comment: 28 pages
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- 2022
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10. TF08 Snowmass Report: BSM Model Building
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Fox, Patrick J., Kribs, Graham D., Murayama, Hitoshi, Aboubrahim, Amin, Agrawal, Prateek, Altmannshofer, Wolfgang, Baer, Howard, Banerjee, Avik, Barger, Vernon, Batell, Brian, Berghaus, Kim V., Berlin, Asher, Blinov, Nikita, Franzosi, Diogo Buarque, Cacciapaglia, Giacomo, Cesarotti, Cari, Craig, Nathaniel, Csáki, Csaba, D'Agnolo, Raffaele Tito, De Vries, Jordy, Deandrea, Aldo, Dolan, Matthew J., Draper, Patrick, Elor, Gilly, Fan, JiJi, Feng, Wan-Zhe, Ferretti, Gabriele, Flacke, Thomas, Fuks, Benjamin, Harigaya, Keisuke, Harz, Julia, Hook, Anson, Ipek, Seyda, Karch, Andreas, Kunkel, Manuel, Lillard, Benjamin, Low, Matthew, Marques-Tavares, Gustavo, Mishra, Rashmish K., Nath, Pran, Neil, Ethan T., Panizzi, Luca, Porod, Werner, Randall, Lisa, Reece, Matthew, Rudelius, Tom, Salam, Shadman, Schwarze, Leonard, Sengupta, Dibyashree, Shakya, Bibhushan, Shelton, Jessie, Sundrum, Raman, Teresi, Daniele, Verhaaren, Christopher B., Wang, Zhu-Yao, and Zupan, Jure
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High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
We summarize the state of Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) model building in particle physics for Snowmass 2021, focusing mainly on several whitepaper contributions to BSM model building (TF08) and closely related areas., Comment: 44 pages, 1 figure, Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021). Topical Group Report for TF08 - BSM Model Building
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- 2022
11. TF1 Snowmass Report: Quantum gravity, string theory, and black holes
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Harlow, Daniel, Kachru, Shamit, Maldacena, Juan, Bah, Ibrahima, Blake, Mike, Bousso, Raphael, Cvetic, Mirjam, Dong, Xi, Engelhardt, Netta, Faulkner, Tom, Flauger, Raphael, Freed, Dan, Gorbenko, Victor, Gu, Yingfei, Halverson, Jim, Hartman, Tom, Hartnoll, Sean, Karch, Andreas, Liu, Hong, Lucas, Andy, Martinec, Emil, McAllister, Liam, Moore, Greg, Nekrasov, Nikita, Pasterski, Sabrina, Pate, Monica, Raclariu, Ana-Maria, Rajagopal, Krisha, Razamat, Shlomo, Shenker, Steve, Schafer-Nameki, Sakura, Shiu, Gary, Silverstein, Eva, Stanford, Douglas, Swingle, Brian, Taylor, Wati, Warner, Nicholas, and Yoshida, Beni
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We give an overview of the field of quantum gravity, string theory and black holes summarizing various white papers in this subject that were submitted as part of the Snowmass process., Comment: 21 pages; v2, minor changes
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- 2022
12. Boundary theory of the X-cube model in the continuum
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Luo, Zhu-Xi, Spieler, Ryan C., Sun, Hao-Yu, and Karch, Andreas
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Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We study the boundary theory of the $\mathbb{Z}_N$ X-cube model using a continuum perspective, from which the exchange statistics of a subset of bulk excitations can be recovered. We discuss various gapped boundary conditions that either preserve or break the translation/rotation symmetries on the boundary, and further present the corresponding ground state degeneracies on $T^2\times I$. The low-energy physics is highly sensitive to the boundary conditions: even the extensive part of the ground state degeneracy can vary when different sets of boundary conditions are chosen on the two boundaries. We also examine the anomaly inflow of the boundary theory and find that the X-cube model is not the unique (3+1)d theory that cancels the 't Hooft anomaly of the boundary., Comment: v2
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- 2022
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13. Double holography in string theory
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Karch, Andreas, Sun, Haoyu, and Uhlemann, Christoph F.
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We develop the notion of double holography in Type IIB string theory realizations of braneworld models. The Type IIB setups are based on the holographic duals of 4d BCFTs comprising 4d $\mathcal N=4$ SYM on a half space coupled to 3d $\mathcal N=4$ SCFTs on the boundary. Based on the concrete BCFTs and their brane construction, we provide microscopic realizations of the intermediate holographic description, obtained by dualizing only the 3d degrees of freedom. Triggered by recent observations in bottom-up models, we discuss the causal structures in the full BCFT duals and intermediate descriptions. This confirms qualitative features found in the bottom-up models but suggests a refinement of their interpretation., Comment: 27 pages, 12 figures
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- 2022
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14. Jackiw-Teitelboim Gravity from the Karch-Randall Braneworld
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Geng, Hao, Karch, Andreas, Perez-Pardavila, Carlos, Raju, Suvrat, Randall, Lisa, Riojas, Marcos, and Shashi, Sanjit
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
In this letter, we show that Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity can be naturally realized in the Karch-Randall braneworld. Notably the role of the dilaton in JT gravity is played by the radion in a suitably orbifolded version of the setup. In the classical entanglement entropy calculation, there is an apparent degeneracy of Ryu-Takayanagi surfaces. We demonstrate how quantum fluctuations of the radion/dilaton resolves this would-be classical puzzle regarding entanglement wedge reconstruction., Comment: 5 Pages, 4 figures, comments are welcome
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- 2022
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15. Double brane holographic model dual to 2d ICFTs
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Baig, Saba Asif and Karch, Andreas
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
A minimal single-brane holographic model can be used as a dual to 2d conformal interfaces (ICFTs) to calculate the transmission coefficient $\mathcal{T}$ of energy transported across the defect as well as boundary entropy $\log g$, the additional entanglement entropy for some sub-region that encloses the defect. Both $\mathcal{T}$ and $\log g$ are uniquely determined by the tension characterizing the brane. In contrast, in field theory defects typically the transmission coefficient can be dialed from 0 to 1 independently for each allowed value of $\log g$. To address this discrepancy, we look at a double brane (3-region bulk) holographic model. Merger of two single brane interfaces creates genuinely new interfaces which indeed allow a range of accessible transmission coefficients for a fixed value of $\log g$. In particular, the $\mathcal{T}=0$ limit of two completely decoupled BCFTs can be achieved., Comment: 23 pages, 6 images; v2: added minor clarifications regarding the allowed tension ranges, and comments on saturating the AANEC bound in those ranges
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- 2022
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16. Warped Compactifications in Particle Physics, Cosmology and Quantum Gravity
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Agrawal, Prateek, Cesarotti, Cari, Karch, Andreas, Mishra, Rashmish K., Randall, Lisa, and Sundrum, Raman
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
Particle physics has evolved in the past decade through evaluating the consequences of experimental measurements as well as exploiting theoretical tools that permit exploration of new model building and cosmological possibilities. Particularly due to insights from the AdS/CFT correspondence, higher-dimensional warped compactifications, in particular, have played a big role in recent developments by allowing a study of regimes of parameters that would otherwise be intractable. Similarly, theoretical developments in quantum gravity benefit from the bigger range of possibilities that can be explored using warped geometry, allowing for constructions of string vacua with positive cosmological constant and for the exploration of entanglement and information transfer in arbitrary dimensions. Puzzles remain in both more phenomenologically oriented and more theoretically oriented contexts which form the basis for a rich research program in the future as well., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to Snowmass 2021
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- 2022
17. Entanglement Phase Structure of a Holographic BCFT in a Black Hole Background
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Geng, Hao, Karch, Andreas, Perez-Pardavila, Carlos, Raju, Suvrat, Randall, Lisa, Riojas, Marcos, and Shashi, Sanjit
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We compute holographic entanglement entropy for subregions of a BCFT thermal state living on a nongravitating black hole background. The system we consider is doubly holographic and dual to an eternal black string with an embedded Karch-Randall brane that is parameterized by its angle. Entanglement islands are conventionally expected to emerge at late times to preserve unitarity at finite temperature, but recent calculations at zero temperature have shown such islands do not exist when the brane lies below a critical angle. When working at finite temperature in the context of a black string, we find that islands exist even when the brane lies below the critical angle. We note that although these islands exist when they are needed to preserve unitarity, they are restricted to a finite connected region on the brane which we call the atoll. Depending on two parameters -- the size of the subregion and the brane angle -- the entanglement entropy either remains constant in time or follows a Page curve. We discuss this rich phase structure in the context of bulk reconstruction., Comment: 34 pages, 17 figures
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- 2021
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18. Interacting Fractons in 2+1-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory
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Distler, Jacques, Jafry, Murtaza, Karch, Andreas, and Raz, Amir
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We analyze, in perturbation theory, a theory of weakly interacting fractons and non-relativistic fermions in a 2+1 dimensional Quantum Field Theory. In particular we compute the 1-loop corrections to the self energies and interaction vertex, and calculate the associated 1-loop Renormalization Group flows of the coupling constants. Surprisingly, we find that the fracton-fermion coupling does not flow due to an emergent coordinate-dependent symmetry of the effective Lagrangian, making this model a well-defined quantum field theory. We provide additional discussions on the regularization and renormalization of interacting fractonic theories, as well as both qualitative and quantitative remarks regarding the theory at finite temperature and finite chemical potential., Comment: 23 pages, 6 figures. V3: Correction: The scalar-self energy vanishes, but conclusions unchanged
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- 2021
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19. Spontaneously Broken Subsystem Symmetries
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Distler, Jacques, Karch, Andreas, and Raz, Amir
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We investigate the spontaneous breaking of subsystem symmetries directly in the context of continuum field theories by calculating the correlation function of charged operators. Our methods confirm the lack of spontaneous symmetry breaking in some of the existing continuum field theories with subsystem symmetries, as had previously been established based on a careful analysis of the spectrum. We present some novel continuum field theory constructions that do exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking whenever allowed by general principles. These interesting patterns of symmetry breaking occur despite the fact that all the theories we study are non-interacting., Comment: 25 pages, 2 figures. V2: minor edits to match the published version
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- 2021
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20. AdS Higgs mechanism from double trace deformed CFT
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Karch, Andreas, Wang, Mianqi, and Youssef, Merna
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- 2024
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21. Fractons and exotic symmetries from branes
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Geng, Hao, Kachru, Shamit, Karch, Andreas, Nally, Richard, and Rayhaun, Brandon C.
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Quantum Physics - Abstract
The emerging study of fractons, a new type of quasi-particle with restricted mobility, has motivated the construction of several classes of interesting continuum quantum field theories with novel properties. One such class consists of foliated field theories which, roughly, are built by coupling together fields supported on the leaves of foliations of spacetime. Another approach, which we refer to as exotic field theory, focuses on constructing Lagrangians consistent with special symmetries (like subsystem symmetries) that are adjacent to fracton physics. A third framework is that of infinite-component Chern-Simons theories, which attempts to generalize the role of conventional Chern-Simons theory in describing (2+1)D Abelian topological order to fractonic order in (3+1)D. The study of these theories is ongoing, and many of their properties remain to be understood. Historically, it has been fruitful to study QFTs by embedding them into string theory. One way this can be done is via D-branes, extended objects whose dynamics can, at low energies, be described in terms of conventional quantum field theory. QFTs that can be realized in this way can then be analyzed using the rich mathematical and physical structure of string theory. In this paper, we show that foliated field theories, exotic field theories, and infinite-component Chern-Simons theories can all be realized on the world-volumes of branes. We hope that these constructions will ultimately yield valuable insights into the physics of these interesting field theories., Comment: 40 pages. 8 figures. 8 tables. Corrected typos. Modified references and acknowledgements. Adjusted formatting
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- 2021
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22. Inconsistency of Islands in Theories with Long-Range Gravity
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Geng, Hao, Karch, Andreas, Perez-Pardavila, Carlos, Raju, Suvrat, Randall, Lisa, Riojas, Marcos, and Shashi, Sanjit
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High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
In ordinary gravitational theories, any local bulk operator in an entanglement wedge is accompanied by a long-range gravitational dressing that extends to the asymptotic part of the wedge. Islands are the only known examples of entanglement wedges that are disconnected from the asymptotic region of spacetime. In this paper, we show that the lack of an asymptotic region in islands creates a potential puzzle that involves the gravitational Gauss law, independently of whether or not there is a non-gravitational bath. In a theory with long-range gravity, the energy of an excitation localized to the island can be detected from outside the island, in contradiction with the principle that operators in an entanglement wedge should commute with operators from its complement. In several known examples, we show that this tension is resolved because islands appear in conjunction with a massive graviton. We also derive some additional consistency conditions that must be obeyed by islands in decoupled systems. Our arguments suggest that islands might not constitute consistent entanglement wedges in standard theories of massless gravity where the Gauss law applies., Comment: 46 pages, 11 figures. (v2) Added Appendix A, which addresses several possible counterarguments
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- 2021
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23. Universal relations for holographic interfaces
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Karch, Andreas, Luo, Zhu-Xi, and Sun, Hao-Yu
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
We study the entanglement entropy in 1+1 dimensional conformal field theories in the presence of interfaces from a holographic perspective. Compared with the well-known case of boundary conformal field theories, interfaces allow for several interesting new observables. Depending on how the interface is located within the entangling region, the entanglement entropies differ and exhibit surprising new patterns and universal relations. While our analysis is performed within the framework of holography, we expect our results to hold more generally., Comment: v4, corrected formulas about entanglement entropy in the RS model
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- 2021
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24. Information Transfer with a Gravitating Bath
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Geng, Hao, Karch, Andreas, Perez-Pardavila, Carlos, Raju, Suvrat, Randall, Lisa, Riojas, Marcos, and Shashi, Sanjit
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
Late-time dominance of entanglement islands plays a critical role in addressing the information paradox for black holes in AdS coupled to an asymptotic non-gravitational bath. A natural question is how this observation can be extended to gravitational systems. To gain insight into this question, we explore how this story is modified within the context of Karch-Randall braneworlds when we allow the asymptotic bath to couple to dynamical gravity. We find that because of the inability to separate degrees of freedom by spatial location when defining the radiation region, the entanglement entropy of radiation emitted into the bath is a time-independent constant, consistent with recent work on black hole information in asymptotically flat space. If we instead consider an entanglement entropy between two sectors of a specific division of the Hilbert space, we then find non-trivial time-dependence, with the Page time a monotonically decreasing function of the brane angle -- provided both branes are below a particular angle. However, the properties of the entropy depend discontinuously on this angle, which is the first example of such discontinuous behavior for an AdS brane in AdS space., Comment: 48 pages, 10 figures, comments and references are welcomed;v2 published version on SciPost
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- 2020
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25. Holographic duality for Ising CFT with boundary
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Karch, Andreas, Luo, Zhu-Xi, and Sun, Hao-Yu
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
We extend the holographic duality between 3d pure gravity and the 2d Ising CFT proposed in [Phys. Rev. D 85 (2012) 024032] to CFTs with boundaries. Besides the usual asymptotic boundary, the dual bulk spacetime now has a real cutoff, on which live branes with finite tension, giving Neumann boundary condition on the metric tensor. The strongly coupled bulk theory requires that we dress the well-known semiclassical AdS/BCFT answer with boundary gravitons, turning the partition function into the form of Virasoro characters. Using this duality, we relate the brane tensions to the modular S-matrix elements of the dual BCFT and derive the transformation between gravitational solutions with different brane tensions under modular S action., Comment: 16+8 pages, v3
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- 2020
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26. Reduced Conformal Symmetry
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Karch, Andreas and Raz, Amir
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We construct field theories in $2+1$ dimensions with multiple conformal symmetries acting on only one of the spatial directions. These can be considered a conformal extension to "subsystem scale invariances", borrowing the language often used for fractons., Comment: Changes made to sections 1,2,and 5, in preparation for submission 14 pages, no figures
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- 2020
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27. Geometries with mismatched branes
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Karch, Andreas and Randall, Lisa
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
We study Randall-Sundrum two brane setups with mismatched brane tensions. For the vacuum solutions, boundary conditions demand that the induced metric on each of the branes is either de Sitter, Anti-de Sitter, or Minkowski. For incompatible boundary conditions, the bulk metric is necessarily time-dependent. This introduces a new class of time-dependent solutions with the potential to address cosmological issues and provide alternatives to conventional inflationary (or contracting) scenarios. We take a first step in this paper toward such solutions. One important finding is that the resulting solutions can be very succinctly described in terms of an effective action involving only the induced metric on either one of the branes and the radion field. But the full geometry cannot necessarily be simply described with a single coordinate patch. We concentrate here on the time-dependent solutions but argue that supplemented with a brane stabilization mechanism one can potentially construct interesting cosmological models this way. This is true both with and without a brane stabilization mechanism., Comment: 39 pages, 9 figures; v2: minor typos fixed
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- 2020
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28. Massive Islands
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Geng, Hao and Karch, Andreas
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
We comment on the role of the graviton mass in recent calculations of the Page curve using holographic ideas. All reliable calculations of the Page curve in more than 2+1 spacetime dimensions have been performed in systems with massive gravitons. A crucial ingredient in these calculations is the formation of islands, regions that contribute to the entropy of degrees of freedom located elsewhere. While most often simply ignored, it is indeed true that mass of the graviton does not appear to significantly affect the calculations that appeared in the literature. We use the freedom to change the graviton mass to give an extremely simple model of analytically tractable island formation in general dimensions. We do however note that if one attempts to take the limit of zero graviton mass, any contribution from the islands disappears. This raises the question to what extent entanglement islands can play a role in standard massless gravity., Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, discussion of boundary conditions modified, results unchanged
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- 2020
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29. New and Old Fermionic Dualities from 3d Bosonization
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Aitken, Kyle, Choi, Changha, and Karch, Andreas
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We construct novel fermion-fermion dualities in $2+1$-dimensions using 3d bosonization dualities. This is achieved by relating two-node quiver theories using both the flavor-bounded and flavor-violated 3d bosonization dualities. Such quivers can be viewed as a generalization of the fermionic particle-vortex duality. A special case of these quivers exhibits a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry under interchange of the two nodes. Using orbifold techniques, we show that such dualities provide a novel way of deriving known 3d bosonization dualities with adjoint matter, thus unifying the non-Abelian bosonization dualities in an even larger duality web. We then use this construction to derive new dualities involving adjoint matter., Comment: 20+10 pages, 10 figures
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- 2019
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30. Generalization of QCD$_3$ Symmetry-Breaking and Flavored Quiver Dualities
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Aitken, Kyle, Baumgartner, Andrew, Choi, Changha, and Karch, Andreas
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We extend the recently proposed symmetry breaking scenario of QCD$_3$ to the so-called "master" $(2+1)$d bosonization duality, which has bosonic and fermionic matter on both ends. Using anomaly arguments, a phase diagram emerges with several novel regions. We then construct $2+1$ dimensional dualities for flavored quivers using node-by-node dualization. Such dualities are applicable to theories which live on domain walls in QCD$_4$-like theories with dynamical quarks. We also derive dualities for quivers based on orthogonal and symplectic gauge groups. Lastly, we support the conjectured dualities using holographic constructions, even though several aspects of this holographic construction remain mostly qualitative., Comment: 37+8 pages, 9 figures
- Published
- 2019
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31. Entropy, Entanglement and Swampland Bounds in DS/dS
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Geng, Hao, Grieninger, Sebastian, and Karch, Andreas
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High Energy Physics - Theory ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology - Abstract
We calculate the entanglement entropy of the de-Sitter (dS) static patch in the context of the DS/dS correspondence. Interestingly, we find that there exists a one parameter family of bulk minimal surfaces that all have the same area. Two of them have appeared earlier in the literature. All of them correctly calculate the dS entropy. One surface yields the entanglement between the two different CFTs that provide the holographic dual of the bulk DS geometry. The second surface describes the entanglement across the horizon in the boundary static patch. The other surfaces describe a mixture of these two concepts. We also show that in the presence of extra matter fields the former entanglement entropy always exceeds the dS entropy. We interpret this result in the context of entropy bounds in de Sitter space and the swampland program., Comment: 14+1 pages, 4 figures, added references, corrected figure 3
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- 2019
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32. A Web of 2d Dualities: ${\bf Z}_2$ Gauge Fields and Arf Invariants
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Karch, Andreas, Tong, David, and Turner, Carl
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We describe a web of well-known dualities connecting quantum field theories in $d=1+1$ dimensions. The web is constructed by gauging ${\bf Z}_2$ global symmetries and includes a number of perennial favourites such as the Jordan-Wigner transformation, Kramers-Wannier duality, bosonization of a Dirac fermion, and T-duality. There are also less-loved examples, such as non-modular invariant $c=1$ CFTs that depend on a background spin structure., Comment: 29 pages plus appendices. v2: Add references and fix minor typos. v3: More typos, and an extra appendix on the reduction of bosonization from 3d to 2d. Version accepted for publication in SciPost. v4: references added
- Published
- 2019
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33. Universal behavior of entanglement entropies in interface CFTs from general holographic spacetimes
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Karch, Andreas and Wang, Mianqi
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- 2023
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34. Erratum to: Interacting fractons in 2+1-dimensional quantum field theory
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Distler, Jacques, Jafry, Murtaza, Karch, Andreas, and Raz, Amir
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- 2023
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35. Novel 3d bosonic dualities from bosonization and holography
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Aitken, Kyle, Baumgartner, Andrew, and Karch, Andreas
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We use 3d bosonization dualities to derive new non-supersymmetric dualities between bosonic quiver theories in $2+1$ dimensions. It is shown that such dualities are a natural non-Abelian generalization of the bosonic particle-vortex duality. A special case of such dualities is applicable to Chern-Simons theories living on interfaces in $3+1$ dimensional $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory across which the theta angle jumps. We also analyze such interfaces in a holographic construction which provides further evidence for novel dualities between quiver gauge theories and gauge theories with adjoint scalars. These conjectured dualities pass some stringent consistency tests., Comment: 33+11 pages, 6 figures. v2: fixed minor typos
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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36. Conformal Manifolds with Boundaries or Defects
- Author
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Karch, Andreas and Sato, Yoshiki
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We discuss conformal manifolds for conformal field theories with boundaries or defects. Using conformal perturbation theory we derive constraints on coefficients appearing in the boundary operator product expansion and three-point functions that need to be satisfied for the existence of marginal couplings. We present several explicit examples where we confirm that $\beta$-functions vanish using a position space regularization, differential regularization. Where possible, we confirm that our $\beta$-function results agree with the existing literature., Comment: 17 pages, 1 figure, v2: published version in JHEP
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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37. Mirror Symmetry and Bosonization in 2d and 3d
- Author
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Karch, Andreas, Tong, David, and Turner, Carl
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We study a supersymmetry breaking deformation of the 2d N=(2,2) cigar=Liouville mirror pair, first introduced by Hori and Kapustin. We show that mirror symmetry flows in the infra-red to 2d bosonization, with the theories reducing to massive Thirring and Sine-Gordon respectively. The exact bosonization map emerges at one-loop. We further compactify non-supersymmetric 3d bosonization dualities on a circle and argue that these too flow to 2d bosonization at long distances., Comment: 13 pages. v2: addendum on emergence of Z2 gauge fields upon compactification
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Master 3d Bosonization Duality with Boundaries
- Author
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Aitken, Kyle, Karch, Andreas, and Robinson, Brandon
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
We establish the action of the three-dimensional non-Abelian bosonization dualities in the presence of a boundary, which supports a non-anomalous two-dimensional theory. In particular, we generalize a prescriptive method for assigning duality consistent boundary conditions used originally for Abelian dualities to dual non-Abelian Chern-Simons-matter theories with $SU$ and $U$ gauge groups and fundamental matter sectors. The cases of single species matter sectors and those with both scalars and fermions in the dual theories are considered. Generalization of our methods to $SO$ and $USp$ Chern-Simons theories is also discussed., Comment: 31 pages, 1 figure
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Deconstructing S-Duality
- Author
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Aitken, Kyle, Karch, Andreas, and Robinson, Brandon
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We use the technique of deconstruction to lift dualities from 2+1 to 3+1 dimensions. In this work we demonstrate the basic idea by deriving S-duality of maximally supersymmetric electromagnetism in 3+1 dimensions from mirror symmetry in 2+1. We also study the deconstruction of a non-supersymmetric duality in 3+1 dimensions using Abelian bosonization in 2+1 dimensions., Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor improvements in presentation
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. 3d Abelian Dualities with Boundaries
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Aitken, Kyle, Baumgartner, Andrew, Karch, Andreas, and Robinson, Brandon
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
We establish the action of three-dimensional bosonization and particle-vortex duality in the presence of a boundary, which supports a non-anomalous two-dimensional theory. We confirm our prescription using a microscopic realization of the duality in terms of a Euclidean lattice., Comment: 31 pages
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Embedding three-dimensional bosonization dualities into string theory
- Author
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Jensen, Kristan and Karch, Andreas
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We give simple string theory embeddings of several recently introduced dualities between 2+1-dimensional Chern-Simons matter theories using probe brane holography. Our construction is reliable in the limit of a large number of colors $N$ with fixed Chern-Simons level $k$., Comment: 23 pages, 2 figures
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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42. Bosonizing three-dimensional quiver gauge theories
- Author
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Jensen, Kristan and Karch, Andreas
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We start with the recently conjectured 3d bosonization dualities and gauge global symmetries to generate an infinite sequence of new dualities. These equate theories with non-Abelian product gauge groups and bifundamental matter. We uncover examples of Bose/Bose and Fermi/Fermi dualities, as well as a sequence of dualities between theories with scalar matter in two-index representations. Our conjectures are consistent with level/rank duality in massive phases., Comment: 16 pages
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Boundary Holographic Witten Diagrams
- Author
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Karch, Andreas and Sato, Yoshiki
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
In this paper we discuss geodesic Witten diagrams in generic holographic conformal field theories with boundary or defect. Boundary CFTs allow two different decompositions of two-point functions into conformal blocks: boundary channel and ambient channel. Building on earlier work, we derive a holographic dual of the boundary channel decomposition in terms of bulk-to-bulk propagators on lower dimensional AdS slices. In the situation in which we can treat the boundary or defect as a perturbation around pure AdS spacetime, we obtain the leading corrections to the two-point function both in boundary and ambient channel in terms of geodesic Witten diagrams which exactly reproduce the decomposition into corresponding conformal blocks on the field theory side., Comment: 28 pages, 4 figures, v2:included hypergeometric identities for generic no-brane case, references added, v3:published version
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Magnetoresistance in relativistic hydrodynamics without anomalies
- Author
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Baumgartner, Andrew, Karch, Andreas, and Lucas, Andrew
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We present expressions for the magnetoconductivity and the magnetoresistance of a strongly interacting metal in 3+1 dimensions, derivable from relativistic hydrodynamics. Such an approach is suitable for ultraclean metals with emergent Lorentz invariance. When this relativistic fluid contains chiral anomalies, it is known to exhibit longitudinal negative magnetoresistance. We show that similar effects can arise in non-anomalous relativistic fluids due to the distinctive gradient expansion. In contrast with a Galilean-invariant fluid, the resistivity tensor of a dirty relativistic fluid exhibits similar angular dependence to negative magnetoresistance, even when the constitutive relations and momentum relaxation rate are isotropic. We further account for the effect of magnetic field-dependent corrections to the gradient expansion and the effects of long-wavelength impurities on magnetoresistance. We note that the holographic D3/D7 system exhibits negative magnetoresistance., Comment: 18 pages
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Boundary Kinematic Space
- Author
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Karch, Andreas, Sully, James, Uhlemann, Christoph F., and Walker, Devin G. E.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We extend kinematic space to a simple scenario where the state is not fixed by conformal invariance: the vacuum of a conformal field theory with a boundary (bCFT). We identify the kinematic space associated with the boundary operator product expansion (bOPE) as a subspace of the full kinematic space. In addition, we establish representations of the corresponding bOPE blocks in a dual gravitational description. We show how the new kinematic dictionary and the dynamical data in bOPE allows one to reconstruct the bulk geometry. This is evidence that kinematic space may be a useful construction for understanding bulk physics beyond just kinematics., Comment: 27 pages, 2 figures
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. More Abelian Dualities in 2+1 Dimensions
- Author
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Karch, Andreas, Robinson, Brandon, and Tong, David
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We expand on the recent derivation of 3d dualities using bosonization. We present in some detail a general class of Abelian duals., Comment: 25 pages, 1 figure
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Supersymmetric Adler Functions and Holography
- Author
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Iwanaga, Masaya, Karch, Andreas, and Sakai, Tadakatsu
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We perform several tests on a recent proposal by Shifman and Stepanyantz for an exact expression for the current correlation functions in supersymmetric gauge theories. We clarify the meaning of the relation in superconformal theories. In particular we show that it automatically follows from known relations between the current correlation functions and anomalies. It therefore also automatically matches between different dual realizations of the same superconformal theory. We use holographic examples as well as calculations in free theories to show that the proposed relation fails in theories with mass terms., Comment: 13 pages
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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48. Particle-Vortex Duality from 3d Bosonization
- Author
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Karch, Andreas and Tong, David
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We provide a simple derivation of particle-vortex duality in d=2+1 dimensions. Our starting point is a relativistic form of flux attachment, designed to transmute the statistics of particles. From this seed, we derive a web of new dualities. These include particle-vortex duality for bosons as well as the recently discovered counterpart for fermions., Comment: 21 pages. v2: references added
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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49. Warped $AdS_6\times S^2$ in Type IIB supergravity I: Local solutions
- Author
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D'Hoker, Eric, Gutperle, Michael, Karch, Andreas, and Uhlemann, Christoph F.
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
We investigate the existence of solutions with 16 residual supersymmetries to Type IIB supergravity on a space-time of the form $AdS_6 \times S^2$ warped over a two-dimensional Riemann surface $\Sigma$. The $SO(2,5) \times SO(3)$ isometry extends to invariance under the exceptional Lie superalgebra $F(4)$. In the present paper, we construct the general Ansatz compatible with these symmetries, derive the corresponding reduced BPS equations, and obtain their complete local solution in terms of two locally holomorphic functions ${\cal A}_\pm$ on $\Sigma$, subject to certain positivity and regularity conditions. Globally, $({\cal A}_+, {\cal A}_-)$ are allowed to be multiple-valued on $\Sigma$ and be holomorphic sections of a holomorphic bundle over $\Sigma$ with structure group contained in $SU(1,1) \times { C}$. Globally regular solutions are expected to provide the near-horizon geometry of $(p,q)$ 5-brane and 7-brane webs which are holographic duals to five-dimensional conformal field theories. A preliminary analysis of the positivity and regularity conditions will be presented here, leaving the construction of globally regular solutions to a subsequent paper., Comment: 61 pages, no figures; v2: typo fixed; v3: integration constant c_6 fixed
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Unparticles and Anomalous Dimensions in the Cuprates
- Author
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Karch, Andreas, Limtragool, Kridsanaphong, and Phillips, Philip W.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,High Energy Physics - Theory - Abstract
Motivated by the overwhelming evidence some type of quantum criticality underlies the power-law for the optical conductivity and $T-$linear resistivity in the cuprates, we demonstrate here how a scale-invariant or unparticle sector can lead to a unifying description of the observed scaling forms. We adopt the continuous mass formalism or multi band (flavor) formalism of the unparticle sector by letting various microscopic parameters be mass-dependent. In particular, we show that an effective mass that varies with the flavor index as well as a running band edge and lifetime capture the AC and DC transport phenomenology of the cuprates. A key consequence of the running mass is that the effective dynamical exponent can differ from the underlying bare critical exponent, thereby providing a mechanism for realizing the fractional values of the dynamical exponent required in a previous analysis\cite{ Hartnoll:2015sea}. We also predict that regardless of the bare dynamical exponent, $z$, a non-zero anomalous dimension for the current is required. Physically, the anomalous dimension arises because the charge depends on the flavor, mass or energy. The equivalent phenomenon in a $d+1$ gravitational construction is the running of the charge along the radial direction. The nature of the superconducting instability in the presence of scale invariant stuff shows that the transition temperature is not necessarily a monotonic function of the pairing interaction., Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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