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Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a widespread health issue globally, linked to significant morbidity and mortality. While oxidative stress, dysregulated lipid metabolism, and unhealthy lifestyle choices contribute to CAD, recent research highlights the role of immune responses and inflammation. Malnutrition, a modifiable risk factor, notably impacts CAD prognosis. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), derived from serum albumin and lymphocyte count, predicts outcomes in various diseases. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between malnutrition, as assessed by the PNI score, and the functional significance of coronary artery stenosis, evaluated by fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements. Methods: A retrospective analysis involved 232 patients with single intermediate-grade coronary stenosis who underwent FFR measurement between January 2022 and January 2024. Prognostic nutritional index values were calculated from serum albumin and lymphocyte counts. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on FFR values. Results: Patients with hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis (FFR = 0.80) exhibited higher inflammatory markers and triglycerides, while those with FFR > 0.80 showed elevated albumin and PNI levels. Triglycerides and PNI emerged as independent predictors of significant coronary stenosis. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that PNI is independently associated with the functional significance of coronary artery stenosis as determined by FFR. Since lymphocytes, total protein and albumin values, which are readily available from routine blood tests, form the basis for PNI, this index can be easily used in clinical settings to predict hemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis. However, the results of this study should be further expanded and validated through studies involving larger samples and prospective designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) has recently emerged as a marker for poor prognosis or mortality in various patient groups. This study aimed to examine the relationship between serum CAR and infarct-related artery (IRA) patency in 700 consecutive non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients prior to percutaneous coronary intervention. The study population was separated into 2 different groups according to preprocedural IRA patency as assessed by the degree of Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow. As a result, occluded IRA was defined as TIMI grade 0-1, while patent IRA was defined as TIMI grade 2-3. High CAR (Odds Ratio: 3.153 (1.249-8.022); P <.001) was found to be an independent predictor of occluded IRA. Additionally, CAR was positively correlated with the SYNTAX score, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio; CAR was negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction. The highest cut-off value of CAR predicting occluded IRA was found to be.18 with 68.3% sensitivity and 67.9% specificity. The area under the curve for CAR was.744 (95% CI:.706-.781) after the receiver-operating characteristic curve assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the association between no-reflow (NR) and serum uric acid/albumin ratio (UAR) in 360 consecutive patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The study population was divided into two groups as follows: reflow (n = 310) and NR (n = 50) group. The thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow score was used to describe NR. High UAR (Odds Ratio: 3.495, 95% CI; 1.216–10.048; P <.001) was found to be an independent predictor of NR. Additionally, UAR was positively correlated with the SYNTAX score and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio; UAR was negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction. The highest cut-off ratio of UAR predicting NR was found to be 1.35 with 68% sensitivity and 66.8% specificity. The area under the curve (AUC) for UAR was.768 (95% CI:.690-.847) after receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assessment. The AUC for UAR was found to be higher than for its components: serum uric acid (AUC:.655) and albumin (AUC:.663) (P <.001 for each evaluation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between no-reflow phenomenon and systemic inflammation index (SII) and to compare the predictive capacity of SII together with the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the platelet–lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A total of 785 patients were included. The thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow degree has been used to describe the no-reflow phenomenon. The study population was divided into two groups regarding the presence of no-reflow phenomenon including 110 patients with no-reflow (TIMI frame count 0-2) and 675 patients without no-reflow (TIMI frame count 3). The NLR [6.6 (4.6-11.6) vs 3.2 (2.0-5.3); P <.001], PLR [175 (121.3-220) vs 102.6 (76.1-150.1); P <.001] and SII [1921(1225-2906) vs 738.5 (450.5-1293); P <.001] were significantly higher in the no-reflow group. High NLR (OR: 1.078, 95%CI: 1.027-1.397; P =.021), PLR (OR: 1.009, 95%CI: 1.003-1.021; P =.041) and SII (OR: 1.216, 95%CI: 1.106-1.942; P =.004) were found to be independently associated with no-reflow phenomenon. The comparison of the receiver-operating characteristic curves showed that area under the curve of SII was greater than that of NLR (.789 vs.766, P =.007) and PLR (.789 vs.759, P =.048). SII levels may predict no-reflow phenomenon better than NLR and PLR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dual antiplatelet therapy is routinely recommended to prevent stent restenosis and reduce ischemic complications after percutaneous coronary intervention. Octogenarians have a higher ischemic burden than younger patients on moreover they have a higher risk of bleeding. Therefore, we intended to analyze and compare the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel and the potent P2Y12 inhibitor ticagrelor in octogenarians undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention without atrial fibrillation. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed records from three local research hospitals. In our study, 226 patients aged 80 years or older undergoing had coronary intervention for both acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease were included after the exclusion criteria had been applied between January 2019 and April 2021. Results: The median dual antiplatelet therapy duration was similar between two groups. 84.3% of patients in the clopidogrel group and 56.7% of patients in the ticagrelor group had no bleeding at one year follow-up, which was statistically significant (p<0.001). The minor bleeding rate was significantly higher among patients receiving ticagrelor (21.7%) compared to those receiving clopidogrel (7.2%; p=0.02). Also, the rate of major bleeding was significantly higher in patients receiving ticagrelor (20.0%) than in patients receiving clopidogrel (7.8%; p<0.010). Rates of all-cause death and ischemic endpoints were similar in both treatment groups at one year follow-up. Conclusions: Clopidogrel and ticagrelor were similar in terms of all-cause mortality and ischemic events with increased rates of all types of bleeding in patients treated with ticagrelor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hypertension is considered a major cause for the presence of cardiovascular diseases. Many studies have pointed out that the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), which demonstrates plasma atherogenicity, is correlated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular morbidity, atherosclerosis, and severity of coronary artery disease. Within this context, we tried to evaluate the correlation between non-dipping circadian pattern and AIP.Methods: We enrolled 1030 hypertensive patients (mean age: 53.6 ± 11.4) in total as part of the target population, who are separated into two different groups considering the circadian blood pressure (BP) pattern taken from dipper and non-dipper groups subsequent to 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). We calculated the level of AIP using the log-transformation of the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio.Results: The AIP observed in the non-dipper group was remarkably higher than those of the dipper group (p < 0.001). After measuring the patients' 24-h ABPM, we determined that AIP had a weak but significant correlation with nighttime systolic BP (r=0.090, p = 0.004) and nighttime diastolic BP (r=0.073, p = 0.019). As for the analysis based on the multivariate logistic regression, high AIP, as well as age were found as independently associated with the presence of the non-dipping pattern.Conclusion: AIP levels are higher in patients with non-dipping pattern compared to the dipper patients. Additionally, higher levels of AIP are found as independently associated with the presence of the non-dipping pattern in hypertensive patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), an easily available inflammatory marker, and coronary artery ectasia (CAE). Methods: After applying the exclusion criteria, the retrospective study population consisted of 330 patients, including 110 patients with isolated CAE, 110 with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), and 110 with normal coronary artery angiograms (NCA). The severity of isolated CAE was determined according to the Markis classification. SPSS 22.0 statistical package program was used for data analysis. Results: PLR was significantly higher in patients with isolated CAE than in those with NCA and obstructive CAD [123 (113-156), 100 (86-138), and 110 (102-141), respectively]. Logistic regression analysis showed that PLR and C-reactive protein level were significantly correlated with the severity of isolated CAE. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this study showed for the first time that PLR was significantly associated with CAE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: It is suggested that serglycin has important functions in fibrin stabilization and inflammation but there is limited information on its clinical value for atherosclerotic heart disease., Objective: The purpose of this study is to find out serum serglycin levels in acute myocardial infarction patients and in the control group individuals; and to investigate the association between serglycin levels with inflammation markers and infarct size markers., Methods: The study population consisted of 75 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 57 patients with normal coronary arteries (NCA) (control group). Patient characteristics, serum serglycin levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, peak troponin T levels and other biochemical parameters were recorded. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant., Results: The control group consisted of individuals who are younger and smoke less than those of the STEMI group. The number of females in the control group was higher than in the STEMI group. Serum serglycin levels were significantly higher in the STEMI group than in control group (102.81±39.42 vs. 57.13±32.25, p<0.001). Correlation analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between serglycin and troponin (Spearman's Rho: 0.419; p<0.001) and between serglycin and hs CRP (Spearman's Rho: 0.336; p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that serum serglycin levels were independently associated with STEMI. Using a cutoff level of 80,47 μg/L, the serglycin level predicted the presence of STEMI with a sensitivity of 75.7% and specificity of 68.4%., Conclusion: Serum serglycin levels were significantly higher in the STEMI group than in the control group. Serum serglycin levels were positively correlated with both hs CRP levels and troponin levels.