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Copyright of Medical Journal of Bakirkoy is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is usually straightforward. However, cases with right-sided CDH can be challenging. We report a case of a neonate with right-sided diaphragmatic hernia presenting with hydrothorax. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of breastfeeding self-efficacy (BSE) and breastfeeding success (BFS) on infants’ weight gain rates and breastfeeding outcomes. Materials and Methods: Mothers were evaluated within the postpartum 72 hours with “Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale—Short Form (BSES-SF)” and “LATCH Scale.” After 6 months, the mothers were called to learn the exclusive breastfeeding (EB) duration and the weight of the infants. Results: Two hundred mother–infant couples were enrolled, 176 (88%) of them could be reached in the sixth month. The BSES-SF scores were positively correlated with LATCH scores (P = .0001). The EB rate in the sixth month was positively correlated with BFS but not correlated with BSE (r, P = .218, .004; .79, .297, respectively). The percentage of weight gain and the rate of weight percentile change of babies according to birth weight at the sixth month of age were negatively correlated with BSE (r = −0.226, −0.148, P = .003, .049, respectively) but not correlated with BFS. Conclusion: Higher BFS was associated with increased duration of EB in the first 6 months of life, and higher BSE was related to lower increase in the percentage of weight gain and a lower rate of weight percentile change of babies at 6 months of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Health Academics / Sağlık Akademisyenleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Health Academics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: While retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of blindness in children, understanding the pathogenesis and protection from the risk factors are crucial in neonatal practice. In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate our clinic's incidence and risk factors for ROP cases requiring treatment. Material and Methods: Preterm babies with gestational age =34 weeks and birth weight =1700 g who underwent ROP examination were included in the study. Demographic data, antenatal risk factors, and clinical features of patients with ROP requiring treatment and patients with no treatment requirement were compared. Logistic regression analyses were made to determine independent risk factors. Results: The study included 214 patients with a median of 1550 g birth weight and 33 weeks of gestational age. Treatment was required for 26 of the patients. BW and GA were significantly lower (p<0.01, p<0.01, respectively), and ventilation support duration, need for resuscitation in the delivery room, surfactant administration, grade =2 intraventricular hemorrhage, premature-preterm rupture of membranes, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and need for red blood cell transfusions (p<0.01, p<0.01, p=0.04, p<0.01, p=0.023, p=0.027, p<0.001, p<0.001; respectively) were significantly higher in the treatment-requiring group. Lower gestational age (95% CI: 0.442-0.921, p=0.02) and BPD (95% CI: 1.117-11.01, p=0.032) are determined as independent risk factors. No patient between BW of 1500-1700 gr and GA of 32-34 weeks required treatment for ROP. Conclusion: Risk factors must be clearly identified to reduce the incidence of ROP, and the need for treatment and precautions must be taken to prevent preterm babies from developing visual disturbances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Preterm newborns are at increased risk of developing morbidities including germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage. In this study, we aimed to examine the efficacy of platelet parameters on germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm newborns. Methods: A total of 54 preterm infants between 23 and 36 gestational weeks, and followed-up with germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage in our neonatal intensive care unit were included in our study. Patients’ demographic data such as age and gender, birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, blood transfusion, platelet transfusion, duration of hospitalization, and outcomes were recorded. The infants were divided into 2 groups according to Volpe’s germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage classification as mild stage germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage (group 1) and severe stage germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage (group 2). Results: The mean birth weight of all infants was 1005.74 ± 432.01 g in all infants. The mean gestational week was found as 27.15 ± 2.99 in all infants. Platelet transfusion was performed in 8 (25%) patients in group 1 and 17 (77.27%) patients in group 2, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .001). The mean platelet count was found as 187 798.15 ± 77 259.93, the mean platelet volume as 7.55 ± 1.12, and the mean platelet mass index as 1489.44 ± 591.06 in all infants. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of mean platelet volume, platelet count, and platelet mass index. There was no statistically significant correlation between the platelet indices and any grade germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage. Conclusion: No statistically significant difference was found between the patients with mild stage germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage and severe stage germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage in terms of platelet count, mean platelet volume, and platelet mass index. In addition, no significant correlation was observed between these indices and any grade germinal matrix hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to investigate the feasibility of USG in confirming the endotracheal tube site and compare it with chest X‐rays in very low birth weight infants. Methods: A chest X‐ray and thorax ultrasonography processes are started as soon as the infant is intubated. Endotracheal tube place is evaluated with ultrasonography and noted, and with chest X‐ray and time elapsed in these two processes are noted. The correlation between these two methods was calculated. Results: While endotracheal tubes are visualized with 100% success, there was a significant correlation between the measures of endotracheal tube‐carina distances (r =.979, P >.001). In addition, ultrasonography was six times faster than chest X‐ray interpretation (USG; 4.6 ± 1.8 min vs CXR; 29.6 ± 9.0 min, P <.001). Conclusions: Ultrasonography is a feasible and faster method for determining endotracheal tube place in very low birth weight infants and may prevent radiation exposure in neonatal intensive care units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the indications, side effects, and outcomes of milrinone infusion in neonates. Material and Methods: Twenty-five neonates, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and received milrinone infusion between January 2015 and June 2019, were retrospectively evaluated. Results: The mean birth weight and gestational age of the neonates were 2220±1020 g and 35±4 weeks, respectively. The indications for milrinone infusion included pulmonary hypertension (PH) (n=14, 56%), low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) (n=10, 40%), and post-ligation syndrome (n=1, 4%). Hypotension was the most common clinical side effect (n=9, 36%), thrombocytopenia (n=7, 28%), and azotemia (n=5, 20%) which were the most common laboratory side effects. The mortality rate was higher among the neonates who had PH (n=12, 85.8%) compared to those who had LCOS (n=4, 40%). The mean vasoactive inotropic score was higher (79.5±74.48) in the neonates with LCOS who died compared to the ones who survived (45±29.6). Conclusion: The most common indication for milrinone was PH, the most common clinical side effect was hypotension, and the most common laboratory side effect was thrombocytopenia. Close monitoring of blood pressure, thrombocyte count, and renal function tests should be performed in patients receiving milrinone. Milrinone was found to be more successful in treating LCOS compared to treating PH. The increased need for inotropic support while receiving milrinone was associated with high mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our aim was to compare vitamin D levels of late preterm and term babies measured at birth and at postnatal 4th month. Material and Methods: One hundred four late preterm infants (group I) and 118 term infants (group II) were enrolled in the study. Maternal age, parity, morbidities related to pregnancy, educational status, sun exposure, dressing style and use of multivitamin supplements were recorded. Gestational age, birth weight, height, head circumference, sex of infants were also recorded. Umbilical cord blood was collected from all participants and cord blood 25-OH vitamin D levels were measured. Oral vitamin D 3 supplementation (400 IU) was started on postnatal 15th day for all babies. Vitamin D measurements were repeated at the postnatal fourth month. Serum 25-OH vitamin D concentrations were measured by chemiluminescence assay. The results were evaluated statistically. Results: Mean umbilical cord 25-OH vitamin D levels of groups I and II were 7.6±6.6 ng/mL and 7.5±6.5 ng/mL, respectively (p=0.835). Eighty-four percent of infants in group I and 78% of infants in group II had severe vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/mL). Cord blood vitamin D levels in both groups did not differ in terms of sun exposure (p=0.595). A statistically significant increase in 25-OH vitamin D levels was seen after vitamin D supplementation in both groups (p<0.05). Also, 25-OH vitamin D levels at postnatal 4th month of life between the two groups did not differ (group I 34.4±8.7 ng/mL vs. group II 38.9±12.7 ng/mL; p=0.306). Conclusion: Although the umbilical cord 25-OH vitamin D blood levels of late preterm infants were similar to term infants’, a high incidence of vitamin D deficiency in the umbilical cord blood was observed in both groups. Late prematurity did not pose an additional risk factor for vitamin D deficiency. After four months of oral replacement therapy, repeated serum vitamin D-level measurement confirmed significantly increased vitamin levels, almost reaching normal values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Pentraxin-3, high sensitive CRP (HsCRP) and adropin were investigated in cord blood of infants of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (IDM) to evaluate the exposure of fetus to inflammation and whether there is any correlation with clinical findings. Methods Forty IDM and forty three infants whose mother did not have diabetes were included in this prospective study. Adropin, pentraxin-3 and HsCRP levels were measured in the cord blood samples. Echocardiographic measurements were performed in the first three days of life. Results Adropin and pentraxine-3 levels were significantly lower and HsCRP levels were significantly higher in IDM group. Echocardiographic measurements of myocardial hypertrophy were negatively correlated with adropin. Conclusion Alterations in these markers in IDM supports the hypothesis of in utero fetal exposure to inflammation caused by gestational diabetes mellitus. Potentially, cord blood adropin might be used as a predictor for complications of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ümraniye Pediatri Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Our study aimed to investigate the effect of caffeine and midazolam on oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis markers in preterm neonates. Methods: Sixty infants between 27–32 weeks of gestational ages were enrolled for this prospective study. Group 1 included patients (n = 23) receiving only early caffeine treatment; group 2 included patients (n = 22) receiving early caffeine treatment with midazolam. Serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) as oxidative stress markers and serum levels of caspase-3 as an apoptosis indicator were compared in both groups. Results: TAC levels were found significantly higher (p = 0.015) and caspase-3 levels were significantly lower (p = 0.008) in the serum samples of group 2 after treatment. Conclusion: Our study indicated that the treatment with midazolam and caffeine increased TAC and decreased apoptosis markers in preterm infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: In clinical practice, birth weight reference percentiles for singletons are used to evaluate twin births. The utilization of singleton reference percentiles for twins is not appropriate as they experience different growth trajectories. However, Turkey still lacks such references. Our aim was to create gestational age-specific birth weight references for female and male Turkish twins. Materials and Methods: This is a hospital-based, multi-centered, retrospective study. In total, 2544 live-born twins between 2010 and 2019 were included in the study. Gestational age, birth weight, mode of delivery, gender, birth order, chorionicity, maternal age, pregnancy resulting from assisted reproduction techniques, APGAR (Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration) score at 5 minutes, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), length of stay in NICU, and death during the NICU stay were recorded. Results: Smoothed reference curves for birth weight by gestational age and separate tables for female and male twin neonates for the 3rd, 10th, 50th, 90th, and 97th percentiles from 26 to 39 weeks of gestational age were constructed. Overall neonatal and infant mortality rates during NICU stay in our twin cohort were 12/1000 and 16/1000, respectively. Conclusion: Twin-specific birth weight nomograms could be helpful as a reference for clinicians to identify high-risk neonates and fetuses who need specialized care. However, further studies with larger series are urgently needed for validation and use of these nomograms in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute liver failure is a condition that is defined as a sudden, complete, or nearly complete loss of liver functions without any previous liver disease, usually accompanied by encephalopathy, which can be reversible, but with a mortality rate of 55-70%. Acute liver failure newborns is an acute liver failure in the first 28 days of life. The Pediatric Acute Liver Failure Working Group identified the presence of coagulopathy as the main finding for the identification of acute liver failure in childhood following vitamin K administration. Although the incidence of acute liver failure is reported to be 17/100 000 in all ages, its incidence is not known exactly in newborn and childhood. The most common cause of acute liver failure in the newborn period is the gestational alloimmune liver disease that was previously known as neonatal hemochromatosis. This is followed by viral infections, metabolic diseases, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and other rare causes. In the neonatal period, acute liver failure is a rare condition with a high mortality rate. For this reason, the vital signs of the patients should be closely monitored and supportive treatments should be planned according to the follow-up and the etiology of the disease should be clarified urgently. In this process, acyclovir treatment until herpes simplex virus infection is excluded and lactose-free feeding until galactosemia is excluded are recommended as life-saving treatments. In the literature, since there is a limited number of studies related to neonatal acute liver failure, prospective studies investigating the factors affecting treatment and prognosis are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Van Tip Dergisi is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)