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Introduction: Sarcopenia is a serious cause of mortality and morbidity. Expressing that the quality of life of older adults may be a sign of sarcopenia. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between the Euro-Quality of Life Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS) and sarcopenia components in older adults. Methods: Patients aged over 60 years who visited geriatric outpatients between October 2016 and August 2021 were included in the study. The overall quality of life was evaluated using the EQ-VAS. Handgrip strength (HGS), Chair Stand Test (CST), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), usual gait speed (UGS), and timed up-go test were measured to assess sarcopenia components. Results: A total of 545 patients were included in the study. The median EQ-VAS score was 70 (10-100). Age, UGS, and HGS were found to be statistically significant determinants of the EQ-VAS (p=0.014, p=0.005, p<0.001) after adjusting for gender, diabetes, body mass index, SMM, and CST. Conclusion: Our study suggests that age, UGS, and HGS are associated with self-reported quality of life in older adults. The results highlight the importance of assessing the quality of life of older adults in clinical practice to improve sarcopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS) is a brief, easy to administer score screening tool for cognitive dysfunction which can be very useful for cognitive screening in busy clinical settings. We aimed to cross‐culturally adapt and validate RCS in Turkish. Methods: A total of 172 community‐dwelling older participants from geriatric and neurology clinics, aged 60 and older were included. The translation and cultural adaptation process was carried out in five stages: (i) two initial translations from English to Turkish; (ii) combination of these two translations; (iii) backward translations; (iv) an expert committee that consisted of three geriatricians and two neurologists, one Turkish lecturer reviewed to compare backward translations with the English test; and (v) pretest. The inter‐rater reliability and test–retest reliability were performed. To diagnose each type of dementia, gold standard diagnostic criteria specifically defined for each dementia were used. Performances of RCS test for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were analyzed by using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). The receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Among participants, 37.2% were considered as cognitively normal, 25.6% with MCI and 37.2% with dementia. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of RCS (cut‐off point of 4) for dementia were 89.06%, 92.56%, 87.7%, and 93.5%, respectively whereas the values were 77.27%, 51.56%, 52.3%, and 76.7% for MCI with a cut‐off point of 8. The RCS predicted dementia (AUC = 0.972, 95% CI: 0.935–0.991) and MCI (AUC = 0.720%, 95% CI: 0.626–0.802). Conclusion: The cross‐cultural adaptation was successfully achieved. The Turkish‐RCS was found to be a reliable and valid test for screening of cognitive dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria suggest alternative methods for assessment of muscle mass, and which of these methods is more strongly associated with adverse outcomes remains an issue to be clarified. Our primary outcome was to report malnutrition prevalences defined by 6 different GLIM approaches and study their relationship with mortality. Methods: This retrospective follow-up study included the data of outpatients admitted to a tertiary hospital. We used 6 different approaches for GLIM, based on methods used to identify reduced muscle mass: i) skeletal muscle mass (SMM)/height², ii) SMM/body mass index (BMI), iii) handgrip strength (HGS), iv) calf circumference (CC), v) CC adjusted for BMI, and vi) GLIM without third phenotypic criterion (P3). We evaluated survival in malnutrition with Kaplan-Meier log rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify the relationships of different GLIM versions with mortality. Results: The study population included 224 older individuals, with a median age of 72, and female predominance (68.8%). The prevalences with different GLIM versions ranged between 4.0% and 34.1%. During a median follow-up period of 31 months, 14 (6.3%) participants died. According to unadjusted analyses, only GLIM (SMM/h²), GLIM (HGS), GLIM (CC), and GLIM (without P3) were significantly associated with increased mortality risk [Hazard Ratio (95% CI) were 3.8 (1.1-13.7), 4.3 (1.4-12.8), 4.6 (1.3-16.7), and 7.3 (2.0-26.5), respectively]. After final adjustments were made for age and sex, it was revealed that none of the versions were the predictors of mortality in older outpatients. Conclusion: The GLIM criteria have room for improvement as different options for muscle mass assessment are allowed, and this study aimed to fill the gap in the literature on whether malnutrition diagnosed by alternative GLIM definitions had predictive validity in community-dwelling older adults. Further outcome studies using larger cohorts and different pragmatic approaches are needed to detect the ideal GLIM definition for malnutrition assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The relationship between vitamin D and cognitive status remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D replacement on cognitive functions in healthy and cognitively intact vitamin D deficient older females. Methods: This study was designed as a prospective interventional study. A total of 30 female adults aged ≥60 with a serum 25 (OH) vitamin D level of <10 ng/ml were included. Participants were administered 50 000 IU vitamin D3 weekly for 8 weeks followed by a maintenance therapy of 1000 U/day. Detailed neuropsychological assessment was performed prior to vitamin D replacement and repeated at 6 months by the same psychologist. Results: Mean age was 63 ± 6.7 years and baseline vitamin D level was 7.8 ± 2.0 (range: 3.5–10.3) ng/ml. At 6 months, vitamin D level was 32.5 ± 3.4 (32.2–55) ng/ml. The Judgement of Line Orientation Test (P = 0.04), inaccurate word memorizing of the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.02), perseveration scores of the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.005), topographical accuracy of the Warrington Recognition Memory Test (P = 0.002), and the spontaneous self‐correction of an error in the Boston Naming Test (P = 0.003) scores increased significantly, while the delayed recall score in the Verbal Memory Processes Test (P = 0.03), incorrect naming of words in the Boston Naming Test (P = 0.04), interference time of the Stroop Test (P = 0.05), and spontaneous corrections of the Stroop Test (P = 0.02) scores decreased significantly from baseline. Conclusion: Vitamin D replacement has a positive effect on cognitive domains related to visuospatial, executive, and memory processing functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]