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Introduction: The prevalence of pituitary dysfunction is high following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and when occurs it may contribute to residual symptoms of aSAH such as decreased cognition and quality of life. Hypopituitarism following aSAH may have non-specific, subtle symptoms and potentially serious consequences if remained undiagnosed. Methods: We reviewed the literature on epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic methods and management of neuroendocrine changes after aSAH as well as on the impact of pituitary dysfunction on outcome of the patient. Results: The prevalence rates of pituitary dysfunction after aSAH varies greatly across studies due to different diagnostic methods, though growth hormone deficiency is generally the most frequently reported followed by adrenocorticotropic hormone, gonadotropin and thyroid stimulating hormone deficiencies. Pituitary deficiency tends to improve over time after aSAH but new onset deficiencies in chronic phase may also occur. There are no clinical parameters to predict the presence of hypopituitarism after aSAH. Age of the patient and surgical procedures are risk factors associated with development of hypopituitarism but the effect of pituitary dysfunction on outcome of the patient is not clear. Replacement of hypocortisolemia and hypothyroidism is essential but treatment of other hormonal insufficiencies should be individualized. Conclusions: Hypopituitarism following aSAH necessitates screening despite lack of gold standard evaluation tests and cut-off values in the follow up, because missed diagnosis may lead to untoward consequences. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

PubMed ID: 25697921, Objective: To evaluate tolerability/safety and the efficacy of the combination of vildagliptin plus metformin in a real-life population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Research design and methods: This multicenter, single-arm, 6 month, observational, prospective cohort study was conducted at 39 centers across Turkey. T2DM patients on vildagliptin and metformin for ?4 weeks were enrolled regardless of their previous antidiabetic therapy. Main outcome measures: Efficacy was evaluated by measuring hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Tolerability/safety parameters evaluated included hypoglycemic events, gastrointestinal events, peripheral edema and weight gain. Results: This study enrolled 665 patients with a mean±standard deviation (SD) age of 55.1±10.2 years and female predominance (n=394, 59.2%). Safety was assessed in all enrolled patients. Hypoglycemia was reported in 10 (1.5%) patients (95% confidence interval = 0.8-2.7%). Efficacy was assessed in 289 (43.5%) patients treated for 6±1 months; these patients showed a mean decrease in HbA1c of 0.8% from baseline value of 7.8% (p65 years) and body mass index (, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada, The study was funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Turkey., The authors thank Cagla Ayhan MD and Prof. Sule Oktay MD PhD from Kappa Consultancy Training Research Ltd, Istanbul, who provided editorial support, and Mehmet Berktas MD MICR from Kappa Consultancy Training Research Ltd, Istanbul, who performed statistical analysis funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals Turkey.

WOS:000361049400020 Purpose: To investigate the effect of Ankaferd blood stopper (ABS) on early bone healing of extraction sockets in rats. Method: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. The maxillary right first molar tooth of the rats was extracted under general anesthesia. Two groups (C-1, n = 6 and C-2, n = 6) received saline solutions in the extraction sockets immediately and one day after the extraction, respectively, while two groups (A-1, n = 8 and A-2, n = 8) received ABS. The rats in A-1 and C-1 groups were sacrificed after 7 days of post-extraction while the rats in A-2 and C-2 groups were sacrificed after 28 days. Bone samples were taken from the maxillas, and tissues were prepared for histopathological analysis. Osteoid tissue (OT), mineralized bone tissue (MT), remaining area (RA), and inflammatory cell infiltration (ICI) were determined. The histomorphometric results were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: Osteoid formation was highest in C-1 group (39.71 +/- 9.68, p < 0.05). Differences in OT among other groups were not significant (p > 0.05). MT was higher in C-2 group (47.73 +/- 12.15) than in other groups (p < 0.05). RA was highest in C-1 group (59.95 +/- 12.75). ICI was significantly lower in control (C1 and C-2) groups than in ABS (A-1 and A-2) groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: ABS administered topically to extraction sockets immediately after extraction has no effect on bone healing; in fact, ABS increases inflammation in vivo.

American Rock Mechanics Association (ARMA), 45th US Rock Mechanics / Geomechanics Symposium -- 26 June 2011 through 29 June 2011 -- San Francisco, CA -- 87510, Rebound hardness testing of rock materials is widely utilized for rock characterization in the general field of rock mechanics. In this study, an investigation was carried out in order to establish correlations between the model C-2 and the relatively newer Equotip Shore hardness testers. Using both instruments, hardness measurements were conducted on rock materials belonging to three different rock groups which are widely used as building stones. Statistically significant correlations have been found between the rebound hardness values of these two instruments. Valid for the presently tested rock types, it is shown that the established prediction equations can be used as a guide in translating the measured hardness values from one instrument to another. © 2011 ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association.

Adrenal myelolipoma, consisting of mature fat and hematopoietic tissue, is a rare, benign and biochemically inactive tumor. Most lesions are small and asymptomatic, discovered incidentally at autopsy or on imaging studies performed for other reasons. We report two cases of adrenal myelolipoma which were large and causing symptoms and successfully removed by laparoscopic lateral transabdominal adrenalectomy. We conclude that large and symptomatic adrenal myelolipomas can be treated with laparoscopic adrenalectomy.

In this article, a novel dual-mode wideband bandpass filter having tuning stubs is proposed. Proposed filter has two stopbands in the lower and higher sides of the passband as the filter is configured as a bandstop filter by using direct-connected feedlines. Hence, a passband can be created inside a wide stopband by means of the open-circuited stubs, which are called as tuning stubs, located into the opposite corners of the input and output (I/O) ports, which are arranged so as to form a quarter wavelength resonator. Tuning stubs are placed inside a meander loop resonator to keep the compact configuration. On the other hand, center frequency of the passband can be controlled by changing the lengths of the tuning stubs. Additionally, by means of a perturbation patch placed at the orthogonal corner of the loop resonator, selectivity of the passband can also be controlled by exciting the degenerate modes of the side stopbands. Designed filter has been fabricated, simulated and measured in a good agreement. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:47-49, 2014

In this letter, design of a quad-band microstrip bandpass filter is presented by using nested placed four dual-mode square loop resonators (DMSLR) having different electrical lengths. Arms of the square loop resonators (SLR) are formed with low/high impedance parts, in order to obtain a maximum miniaturization by nesting DMSLRs and perturbation effects by changing the lengths of low impedance parts for the excitation of degenerate modes. Thus, the proposed configuration allows the control of mode frequencies, bandwidths and transmission zeros for each passband individually. Resonators are coupled to input/output (I/O) ports by feedlines having open-circuited stubs which suppress the harmonics. A dual-mode quad-band bandpass filter has been designed with an electrical length of 0.25 lambda(g) x 0.25 lambda(g) and fabricated, where lambda(g) is the guided wavelength at 1.79 GHz (the lowest resonance frequency). Measured and simulated results are in a good agreement.

In this letter, the effect of open-circuited stubs on the frequency response of a microstrip square loop resonator shaped as a meander form is investigated with a full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulator and a triple-mode microstrip bandstop filter is designed by using this effect. Proposed filter configuration is consisted of a microstrip square loop resonator shaped meander and four open-circuited stubs vertically and horizontally located inside the resonator. These stubs not only can be used to adjust the reflection poles in the stopband, but also used to obtain the miniaturisation. Central reflection pole is related with the horizontally located stubs, whereas the other two reflection poles are obtained from the vertically located stubs. In addition, the proposed configuration allows the controlling of the reflection zeros by changing the lengths of the stubs. Designed filter is simulated, fabricated and tested. Measured results show a good agreement with the simulated results.

Although remote sensing technology has been available for many years, it has rarely been used for monitoring mining activity. Recent studies indicate that remote sensing is also a valuable tool for managing and planning certain aspects of the mining operation. In this paper, we examine areal expansion of marble quarries and the affected vegetation over a period of 10 years in the Mugla region in Turkey, using geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) techniques. Images captured by ASTER Level 3A01 (3D Ortho Data Set), Landsat 5, and Landsat 7 satellites between 2001 and 2009 were used for the analysis. Changes in the natural vegetation as a function of the production level in the marble quarry were calculated using the normalized difference vegetation index. According to the study results, land cover and natural vegetation decreased by less than 3 per cent and 1 per cent respectively between 2001 and 2009, following an upsurge in mining activity in the region.