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Objectives: Congenital hearing loss is a significant health concern, with diverse etiologies encompassing cochlear and cochleovestibular pathologies. Preoperative radiological evaluation in cochlear implant candidates is pivotal for treatment planning. We aim to elucidate the spectrum of radiological findings in patients with congenital hearing loss undergoing cochlear implant assessment. Methods: An analysis included 389 sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) patients who underwent cochlear implantation at a tertiary university hospital, of which 177 were congenital SNHL. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were meticulously assessed for diverse congenital pathologies, focusing on congenital malformations. Results: In the congenital SNHL group, comprising 177 patients (80 females and 97 males), congenital cochleovestibular malformations were evident in 56 ears of 29 cases. Different congenital cochleovestibular malformations, ranging from labyrinthine aplasia to isolated large vestibular aqueducts, were detected. Among the various anomalies, incomplete partitions and cochlear hypoplasia emerged as more frequent patterns. Conclusions: This study offers a comprehensive radiological analysis of congenital SNHL patients undergoing cochlear implantation, revealing a spectrum of anomalies. It demonstrates the diverse nature of anomalies affecting the external auditory canal, middle ear structures, and cochleovestibular system. These insights provide a deeper understanding of congenital SNHL and contribute to developing informed treatment strategies.

Background: Children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes often face language impairments and central auditory processing difficulties. The correlations between these issues, seizure timing, and neuropsychiatric challenges are not fully understood. This study delves into the connections between language impairments and central auditory processing difficulties in cases with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes, examining their links with seizure occurrence and neuropsychiatric function., Materials and Methods: Patients with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes were categorized based on seizure timing: group 1 experienced seizures postbedtime, and group 2 prewaking. Both, alongside controls, underwent the Turkish Expressive and Receptive Language Test (TIFALDI) for language skills, and the Frequency Pattern and Duration Pattern tests for central auditory processing difficulties. Neuropsychiatric assessments involved the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Conners Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11., Results: The study comprised 56 patients with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (ages 6-13) and 32 healthy controls. Both groups significantly lagged behind controls on the Frequency Pattern and Duration Pattern tests ( P  < .001). In the TIFALDI, the expressive language scores varied between group 1 and controls ( P  = .04) but not the receptive language scores or the test's expressive and receptive language results between group 2 and controls ( P  > .05). In the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, group 1 diverged from controls in behavioral and kind and helpful behavior scores ( P  = .016 and P  = .012). Group 1's Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 values surpassed controls' ( P  = .038)., Conclusion: Children with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes have a high central auditory processing difficulties prevalence, regardless of seizure timing. Those with postsleep seizures tend to confront expressive language difficulties, alongside issues in prosocial behavior and impulsivity., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Purpose: It is known that taking appropriate risks during play is crucial for the development of a child's creativity, problem-solving abilities, resilience, self-confidence, and skills in evaluating risky situations. However, communication problems resulting from hearing loss (HL) can affect a child's ability to hear danger and warning signals during play, potentially leading to injury. This study investigates the attitudes of parents or caregivers with children with HL toward risky play., Method: The study included 170 caregivers of children with normal hearing (NH; n = 103) and cochlear implant and/or hearing aids users ( n = 67) aged 3-13 years. The primary caregiver completed the Tolerance for Risk in Play Scale (TRIPS), and the caregivers of children with HL also completed the Auditory Behavior in Everyday Life (ABEL) questionnaire., Results: TRIPS total scores were significantly higher in the NH group ( p < .05). Mothers of children with HL had lower TRIPS scores than mothers of children with NH ( p < .05). Similarly, lower TRIPS scores were found in the lower income group with HL ( p < .05). A weak positive correlation was observed between TRIPS and both the ABEL total score ( p < .05, r = .207) and ABEL auditory awareness score ( p < .05, r = .204) in the hard of hearing group., Conclusions: The study found that caregivers of children with HL have less tolerance for risky play. Additionally, caregivers of children with better auditory skills were more tolerant of risky play. Therefore, it is suggested that caregivers of children using appropriate hearing devices should be informed that they do not need to be overly restrictive during play, and these children should be encouraged to engage in risky play.

Background:  Spatial orientation is an executive function which includes vital activities and auditory organization according to daily bodily movements, directionality, and environmental information. It is directly linked to the vision and hearing and used throughout life, building complex relationships with these systems, based on learning., Purpose:  Our purpose in our study is to try to see the effects of noise and reverberation on the users by comparing the localization and auditory performances of the cochlear implant (CI) user individuals in a silent, noisy environment and reverberation., Research Design:  All subjects were subjected to immitancemetric/audiological tests, language development test (TIFALDI, Receptive/Expressive Language Test score 7 years and above), localization determination in noise, and localization determination test in reverberation. Study sample : In our study, 18 female and 16 male bilateral CI users with profound sensorineural hearing loss were included. The age range of subjects was 8 years 4 months and 10 years 11 months., Data Collection and Analysis:  Data from subjects were collected prospectively. Data analysis was analyzed with SPSS 21 program., Results:  It was observed that the subjects did not have difficulty in determining the direction in silent condition, but they had a significant difficulty in localizing the 135-, 225-, and 315-degree angles especially when the noise was signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) -10 dB and the reverberation was 06 and 09 second ( p ≤ 0.005). Subjects' performances were significantly altered in sequential implanted users both when the SNR was changed and in the presence of reverberation ( p  < 0.05)., Conclusion:  As a result of our study, it is thought that individuals with hearing loss will experience intense difficulties, especially in noisy and reverberant environments such as schools, and using assistive listening devices in these environmental conditions will contribute positively to their academic development., Competing Interests: None declared., (American Academy of Audiology. This article is published by Thieme.)

Hypothesis: Electrically evoked auditory late responses (eALR) are useful as an objective cochlear implant (CI) fitting method., Background: Different objective and behavioral methods are used for CI fitting. However, there is no objective method that indicates that the electrical signal reaches the auditory cortex. eALR is an indicator that electrical signals reach the auditory cortex, so our aim was to investigate the use of eALR as an objective method for CI programming., Methods: Two different programs were created for 21 unilateral Med-El CI users. In the first program, the most comfortable level (MCL) was adjusted with the electrical stapes reflex threshold (eSRT), and the threshold levels (THR) were behaviorally adjusted according to the user's feedback. In the second program, the MCL level was adjusted to a level where all the components of the eALR were clearly seen, and the user did not feel uncomfortable; the THR levels were adjusted to the lowest level where the eALR P1 wave could be seen. The results of the MCL and THR levels of the two programs and the free field tests conducted with both programs were compared., Results: While MCL levels did not differ significantly between the two programs, a significant difference was observed between THR levels. In addition, no significant difference was found between hearing and speech tests with CI in the free field., Conclusion: The results revealed no significant performance difference between the two programs and that eALR could be preferred as an objective method for MCL determination., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest and source of funding: The authors do not have any financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence (bias) their work., (Copyright © 2022, Otology & Neurotology, Inc.)