Search

Your search keyword '"Kappadath, S"' showing total 451 results
Start Over Author "Kappadath, S"
451 results on '"Kappadath, S"'

2. Utility of pre-procedural [99mTc]TcMAA SPECT/CT Multicompartment Dosimetry for Treatment Planning of 90Y Glass microspheres in patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: comparison of anatomic versus [99mTc]TcMAA-based Segmentation

Author

Lam, Marnix, Garin, Etienne, Haste, Paul, Denys, Alban, Geller, Brian, Kappadath, S. Cheenu, Turkmen, Cuneyt, Sze, Daniel Y., Alsuhaibani, Hamad Saleh, Herrmann, Ken, Maccauro, Marco, Cantasdemir, Murat, Dreher, Matthew, Fowers, Kirk D., Gates, Vanessa, and Salem, Riad

Published
2025
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Utility of pre-procedural [99mTc]TcMAA SPECT/CT Multicompartment Dosimetry for Treatment Planning of 90Y Glass microspheres in patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: comparison of anatomic versus [99mTc]TcMAA-based Segmentation

Author

Lam, Marnix, Garin, Etienne, Haste, Paul, Denys, Alban, Geller, Brian, Kappadath, S. Cheenu, Turkmen, Cuneyt, Sze, Daniel Y., Alsuhaibani, Hamad Saleh, Herrmann, Ken, Maccauro, Marco, Cantasdemir, Murat, Dreher, Matthew, Fowers, Kirk D., Gates, Vanessa, and Salem, Riad

Subjects
MEDICAL dosimetry, PEARSON correlation (Statistics), COMPUTED tomography, HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma, OVERALL survival, ABSORBED dose, BLAND-Altman plot
Abstract

Purpose: Pre-treatment [99mTc]TcMAA-based radioembolization treatment planning using multicompartment dosimetry involves the definition of the tumor and normal tissue compartments and calculation of the prescribed absorbed doses. The aim was to compare the real-world utility of anatomic and [99mTc]TcMAA-based segmentation of tumor and normal tissue compartments. Materials and methods: Included patients had HCC treated by glass [90Y]yttrium microspheres, ≥ 1 tumor, ≥ 3 cm diameter and [99mTc]TcMAA SPECT/CT imaging before treatment. Segmentation was performed retrospectively using dedicated dosimetry software: (1) anatomic (diagnostic CT/MRI-based), and (2) [99mTc]TcMAA threshold-based (i.e., using an activity-isocontour threshold). CT/MRI was co-registered with [99mTc]TcMAA SPECT/CT. Logistic regression and Cox regression, respectively, were used to evaluate relationships between total perfused tumor absorbed dose (TAD) and objective response rate (ORR) and overall survival (OS). In a subset-analysis pre- and post-treatment dosimetry were compared using Bland-Altman analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 209 patients were enrolled. Total perfused tumor and normal tissue volumes were larger when using anatomic versus [99mTc]TcMAA threshold segmentation, resulting in lower absorbed doses. mRECIST ORR was higher with increasing total perfused TAD (odds ratio per 100 Gy TAD increase was 1.22 (95% CI: 1.01–1.49; p = 0.044) for anatomic and 1.19 (95% CI: 1.04–1.37; p = 0.012) for [99mTc]TcMAA threshold segmentation. Higher total perfused TAD was associated with improved OS (hazard ratio per 100 Gy TAD increase was 0.826 (95% CI: 0.714–0.954; p = 0.009) and 0.847 (95% CI: 0.765–0.936; p = 0.001) for anatomic and [99mTc]TcMAA threshold segmentation, respectively). For pre- vs. post-treatment dosimetry comparison, the average bias for total perfused TAD was + 11.5 Gy (95% limits of agreement: -227.0 to 250.0) with a strong positive correlation (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.80). Conclusion: Real-world data support [99mTc]TcMAA imaging to estimate absorbed doses prior to treatment of HCC with glass [90Y]yttrium microspheres. Both anatomic and [99mTc]TcMAA threshold methods were suitable for treatment planning. Trial registration number: NCT03295006. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. 90Y SIR-Spheres Activity Measurement with New SIROS D-Vial Delivery Kit.

Author

Lopez, Benjamin P. and Kappadath, S. Cheenu

Abstract

A new 90Y SIR-Spheres delivery kit (SIROS D-vial and shield) has been introduced with a different physical form from the legacy V-Vial kit. Here, we establish the dose calibrator settings and exposure-rate–to–activity conversion factor to assay 90Y SIR-Spheres activity in the new SIROS kit. Methods: Eight D-vials with initial 90Y activities from 1.2 to 6.6 GBq within acrylic shields were assayed with dose calibrators and exposure-rate meters until activities decayed to approximately 0.1 GBq. The dose calibrator settings resulting in the lowest median activity errors and the best-fit slope of exposure rate versus activity were identified. Results: SIROS D-vial 90Y activity can be accurately and reliably estimated directly using setting 51 × 10 on both the CRC-15R and the CRC-55tR dose calibrators (errors within ±0.5%) and indirectly with an exposure-rate reading at 30 cm using conversion factor 0.664 ± 0.003 GBq/(mR/h) (R2 = 0.985). Conclusion: Dose calibrator settings and exposure-rate–to–activity conversion factor for 90Y activity assays with new SIROS kit should be updated from legacy V-Vial parameters to avoid an approximately 10% underestimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. SNMMI Clinical Trials Network Research Series for Technologists: An Introduction to Conducting Theranostic Clinical Trials.

Author

Gonzalez, Freddy, Scott, Peter J.H., Jeffers, Charlotte Denise, and Kappadath, S. Cheenu

Abstract

This article is intended to introduce nuclear medicine technologists (NMTs) to the nuances of radiopharmaceutical therapy clinical trials. Here, we outline the potential roles and responsibilities of the NMT in clinical trials and provide context on different aspects of radionuclide therapy. The regulatory process involving investigational therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals is seldom taught to NMT students, nor is it included in the entry-level nuclear medicine certification examinations. Often, NMTs must spend significant time preparing for therapeutic clinical trials on their own, using multiple academic sources, seeking advice from various health care professionals, and reviewing numerous trial-specific manuals to recognize the detailed requirements. The emergence of theranostics has spurred an increase in the development of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Investigators with a robust nuclear medicine background are required to help develop successful therapeutic clinical trials, and well-informed NMTs are crucial to the success of such trials. This article follows a series of previous publications from the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Clinical Trials Network research series for technologists and is intended to guide the investigational radiopharmaceutical landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. International recommendations for personalised selective internal radiation therapy of primary and metastatic liver diseases with yttrium-90 resin microspheres

Author

Levillain, Hugo, Bagni, Oreste, Deroose, Christophe M., Dieudonné, Arnaud, Gnesin, Silvano, Grosser, Oliver S., Kappadath, S. Cheenu, Kennedy, Andrew, Kokabi, Nima, Liu, David M., Madoff, David C., Mahvash, Armeen, Martinez de la Cuesta, Antonio, Ng, David C. E., Paprottka, Philipp M., Pettinato, Cinzia, Rodríguez-Fraile, Macarena, Salem, Riad, Sangro, Bruno, Strigari, Lidia, Sze, Daniel Y., de Wit van der veen, Berlinda J., and Flamen, Patrick

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. An international phantom study of inter-site variability in Technetium-99m image quantification: analyses from the TARGET radioembolization study

Author

Cancer, Researchgr. Nucleaire Geneeskunde, Fysica Radiologie, Brain, Circulatory Health, Keane, Grace, van Rooij, Rob, Lam, Marnix, Kappadath, S Cheenu, Kovan, Bilal, Leon, Stephanie, Dreher, Matthew, Fowers, Kirk, de Jong, Hugo, Cancer, Researchgr. Nucleaire Geneeskunde, Fysica Radiologie, Brain, Circulatory Health, Keane, Grace, van Rooij, Rob, Lam, Marnix, Kappadath, S Cheenu, Kovan, Bilal, Leon, Stephanie, Dreher, Matthew, Fowers, Kirk, and de Jong, Hugo

Published
2024

30. The COMPTEL instrumental line background

Author

Weidenspointner, G., Varendorff, M., Oberlack, U., Morris, D., Plueschke, S., Diehl, R., Kappadath, S. C., McConnell, M., Ryan, J., Schoenfelder, V., and Steinle, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The instrumental line background of the Compton telescope COMPTEL onboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory is due to the activation and/or decay of many isotopes. The major components of this background can be attributed to eight individual isotopes, namely 2D, 22Na, 24Na, 28Al, 40K, 52Mn, 57Ni, and 208Tl. The identification of instrumental lines with specific isotopes is based on the line energies as well as on the variation of the event rate with time, cosmic-ray intensity, and deposited radiation dose during passages through the South-Atlantic Anomaly. The characteristic variation of the event rate due to a specific isotope depends on its life-time, orbital parameters such as the altitude of the satellite above Earth, and the solar cycle. A detailed understanding of the background contributions from instrumental lines is crucial at MeV energies for measuring the cosmic diffuse gamma-ray background and for observing gamma-ray line emission in the interstellar medium or from supernovae and their remnants. Procedures to determine the event rate from each background isotope are described, and their average activity in spacecraft materials over the first seven years of the mission is estimated., Comment: accepted for publication in A&A, 22 pages, 21 figures

Published
2000
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Choices of Stent and Cerebral Protection in the Ongoing ACST-2 Trial: A Descriptive Study

Author

Fraedrich, G., Rantner, B., Gizewski, E., Gruber, I., Hendriks, J., Cras, P., Lauwers, P., van Scheil, P., Vermassen, F., Van Herzeele, I., Geenens, M., Hemelsoet, D., Lerut, P., Lambrecht, B., Saad, G., Peeters, A., Bosiers, M., da Silva, E., de Luccia, N., Sitrangulo, J.C., Jr., Estenssoro, A.E.V., Presti, C., Casella, I., Monteiro, J.A.T., Campos, W., Jr., Puech-Leao, P., Petrov, V., Bachvarov, C., Hill, M., Mitha, A., Wong, J., Liu, C.-W., Bao, L., Yu, C., Cvjetko, I., Vidjak, V., Fiedler, J., Ostry, S., Sterba, L., Kostal, P., Staffa, R., Vlachovsky, R., Privara, M., Kriz, Z., Vojtisek, B., Krupa, P., Reif, M., Benes, V., Buchvald, P., Endrych, L., Prochazka, V., Kuliha, M., Otahal, D., Hrbac, T., Netuka, D., Mohapl, M., Kramier, F., Eldessoki, M., Heshmat, H., Abd-Allah, F., Palmiste, V., Margus, S., Toomsoo, T., Becquemin, J.-P., Bergeron, P., Abdulamit, T., Cardon, J.-M., Debus, S., Thomalla, G., Fiehler, J., Gerloss, C., Grzyska, U., Storck, M., LaMacchia, E., Eckstein, H.H., Söllner, H., Berger, H., Kallmayer, M., Popert, H., Zimmermann, A., Guenther, A., Klingner, C., Mayer, T., Schubert, J., Zanow, J., Scheinert, D., Banning-Eichenseer, U., Bausback, Y., Branzan, D., Braünilch, S., Lenzer, J., Schidt, A., Staab, H., Ulirch, M., Barlinn, J., Haase, K., Abramyuk, A., Bodechtel, U., Gerber, J., Reeps, C., Pfeiffer, T., Torello, G., Cöster, A., Giannoukas, A., Spanos, K., Matsagkas, M., Koutias, S., Vasdekis, S., Kakisis, J., Moulakakis, K., Lazaris, A., Liapas, C., Brountzos, E., Lazarides, M., Ioannou, N., Polydorou, A., Fulop, B., Fako, E., Voros, E., Bodosi, M., Nemeth, T., Barzo, P., Pazdernyik, S., Entz, L., Szeberin, Z., Dosa, E., Nemes, B., Jaranyi, Z., Pazdernyia, S., Madhaban, P., Hoffman, A., Nikolsky, E., Beyar, R., Casana, R., Tolva, V., Silingardi, R., Lauricella, A., Coppi, G., Nicoloci, E., Tusini, N., Strozzi, F., Vecchiati, E., Ferri, M., Ferrero, E., Psacharopulo, D., Gaggiano, A., Viazzo, A., Farchioni, L., Parlani, G., Caso, V., De Rangoy, P., Verzini, F., Castelli, P., DeLodovici, M.L., Carrafiello, G., Ierardi, A.M., Piffaretti, G., Nano, G., Occhiuto, M.T., Malacrida, G., Tealdi, D., Steghter, S., Stella, A., Pini, R., Faggioli, G., Sacca, S., Negri, M.D., Palombo, M., Perfumo, M.C., Fadda, G.F., Kasemi, H., Cernetti, C., Tonello, D., Visonà, A., Mangialardi, N., Ronchey, S., Altavista, M.C., Michelagnoli, S., Chisci, E., Speziale, F., Capoccia, L., Veroux, P., Giaquinta, A., Patti, F., Pulli, R., Boggia, P., Angiletta, D., Amatucci, G., Spinetti, F., Mascoli, F., Tsolaki, E., Civilini, E., Reimers, B., Setacci, C., Pogany, G., Odero, A., Accrocca, F., Bajardi, G., Takashi, I., Masayuki, E., Hidenori, E., Aidashova, B., Kospanov, N., Bakke, S., Skjelland, M., Czlonkowska, A., Kobayashi, A., Proczka, R., Dowzenko, A., Czepel, W., Polanski, J., Bialek, P., Ozkinis, G., Snoch-Ziólkiewicz, M., Gabriel, M., Stanisic, M., Iwanowski, W., Andziak, P., Gonçalves, F.B., Starodubtsev, V., Ignatenko, P., Karpenko, A., Radak, D., Aleksic, N., Sagic, D., Davidovic, L., Koncar, I., Tomic, I., Colic, M., Bartkoy, D., Rusnak, F., Gaspirini, M., Praczek, P., Milosevic, Z., Flis, V., Bergauer, A., Kobilica, N., Miksic, K., Matela, J., Blanco, E., Guerra, M., Riambau, V., Gillgren, P., Skioldebrand, C., Nymen, N., Berg, B., Delle, M., Formgren, J., Kally, T.B., Qvarfordt, P., Plate, G., Pärson, H., Lindgren, H., Bjorses, K., Gottsäter, A., Warvsten, M., Kristmundsson, T., Forssell, C., Malina, M., Holst, J., Kuhme, T., Sonesson, B., Lindblad, B., Kolbel, T., Acosta, S., Bonati, L., Traenka, C., Mueller, M., Lattman, T., Wasner, M., Mujagic, E., Von Hessling, A., Isaak, A., Stierli, P., Eugster, T., Mariani, L., Stippich, C., Wolff, T., Kahles, T., de Borst, G.J., Toorop, R., Moll, F., Lo, R., Meershoek, A., Jahrome, A.K., Vos, A.W.F., Schuiling, W., Keunen, R., Reijnen, M., Macsweeney, S., McConachie, N., Southam, A., Stansby, G., Lees, T., Lambert, D., Clarke, M., Wyatt, M., Kappadath, S., Wales, L., Jackson, R., Raudonaitis, A., MacDonald, S., Dunlop, P., Brown, A., Vetrivel, S., Bajoriene, M., Gopi, R., McCollum, C., Wolowczyk, L., Ghosh, J., Seriki, D., Ashleigh, R., Butterfield, J., Welch, M., Smyth, J.V., Briley, D., Schulz, U., Perkins, J., Hands, L., Kuker, W., Darby, C., Handa, A., Sekaran, L., Poskitt, K., Bulbulia, R., Morrison, J., Guyler, P., Grunwald, I., Brown, J., Jakeways, M., Tysoe, S., Hargroves, D., Gunathilagan, G., Insall, R., Senaratne, J., Beard, J., Cleveland, T., Nawaz, S., Lonsdale, R., Turner, D., Gaines, P., Nair, R., Chetter, I., Robinson, G., Akomolafe, B., Hatfield, J., Saastamoinen, K., Crinnion, J., Egun, A.A., Thomas, J., Drinkwater, S., D'Souza, S., Thomson, G., Gregory, B., Babu, S., Ashley, S., Joseph, T., Gibbs, R., Tebit, G., Mehrzad, A., Enevoldson, P., Mendalow, D., Parry, A., Tervitt, G., Clifton, A., Nazzel, M., Halliday, A., Peto, R., Pan, H., Potter, J., Bullbulia, R., Mihaylova, B., Flather, M., Mansfield, A., Simpson, D., Thomas, D., Gray, W., Farrell, B., Davies, C., Rahimi, K., Gough, M., Cao, P., Rothwell, P., Belli, A., Mafham, M., Herrington, W., Sandercock, P., Gray, R., Shearman, C., Molyneux, A., Gray, A., Clarke, A., Sneade, M., Tully, L., Brudlo, W., Lay, M., Munday, A., Berry, C., Tochlin, S., Cox, J., Kurien, R., Chester, J., de Waard, D.D., Huibers, A., and Bonati, L.H.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. The Extragalactic Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission

Author

Sreekumar, P., Stecker, F. W., and Kappadath, S. C.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The all-sky surveys in gamma-rays by the imaging Compton telescope (COMPTEL) and the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on board the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory for the first time allows detailed studies of the extragalactic diffuse emission at gamma-ray energies greater 1 MeV. A preliminary analysis of COMPTEL data indicates a significant decrease in the level of the derived cosmic diffuse emission from previous estimates in the 1-30 MeV range, with no evidence for an MeV-excess, at least not at the levels claimed previously. The 1-30 MeV flux measurements are compatible with power-law extrapolation from lower and higher energies. These new results indicate that the possible contributions to the extragalactic emission from processes that could explain the MeV-excess, such as matter-antimatter annihilation, is significantly reduced. At high energies ($>$ 30 MeV), the extragalactic emission is well described by a power law photon spectrum with an index of -(2.10+-0.03) in the 30 MeV to 100 GeV energy range. No large scale spatial anisotropy or changes in the energy spectrum are observed in the deduced extragalactic emission. The most likely explanation for the origin of this extragalactic gamma-ray emission above 10 MeV, is that it arises primarily from unresolved gamma-ray-emitting blazars. The extension of the power law spectrum to 100 GeV implies the average emission from gamma-ray blazars may extend to 100 GeV., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, to appear in the proceedings (review) of the 4th Compton Symposium, Williamburg, VA (April 1997)

Published
1997
Full Text
View/download PDF

33. Clinical, dosimetric, and reporting considerations for Y-90 glass microspheres in hepatocellular carcinoma: updated 2022 recommendations from an international multidisciplinary working group

Author

Researchgr. Nucleaire Geneeskunde, Cancer, Salem, Riad, Padia, Siddharth A, Lam, Marnix, Chiesa, Carlo, Haste, Paul, Sangro, Bruno, Toskich, Beau, Fowers, Kirk, Herman, Joseph M, Kappadath, S Cheenu, Leung, Thomas, Sze, Daniel Y, Kim, Edward, Garin, Etienne, Researchgr. Nucleaire Geneeskunde, Cancer, Salem, Riad, Padia, Siddharth A, Lam, Marnix, Chiesa, Carlo, Haste, Paul, Sangro, Bruno, Toskich, Beau, Fowers, Kirk, Herman, Joseph M, Kappadath, S Cheenu, Leung, Thomas, Sze, Daniel Y, Kim, Edward, and Garin, Etienne

Published
2023

37. Voxel-based Dosimetry Predicting Treatment Response and Related Toxicity in HCC Patients Treated with Resin-based Y90 Radioembolization: A prospective, single-arm study

Author

Kokabi, Nima, primary, Arndt-Webster, Linzi, additional, Chen, Bernard, additional, Brandon, David, additional, Sethi, Ila, additional, Davarpanahfakhr, Amir, additional, Galt, James, additional, Elsayed, Mohammad, additional, Bercu, Zachary, additional, Cristescu, Mircea, additional, Kappadath, S Cheenu, additional, and Schuster, David M, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Clinical, dosimetric, and reporting considerations for Y-90 glass microspheres in hepatocellular carcinoma: updated 2022 recommendations from an international multidisciplinary working group

Author

Salem, Riad, primary, Padia, Siddharth A., additional, Lam, Marnix, additional, Chiesa, Carlo, additional, Haste, Paul, additional, Sangro, Bruno, additional, Toskich, Beau, additional, Fowers, Kirk, additional, Herman, Joseph M., additional, Kappadath, S. Cheenu, additional, Leung, Thomas, additional, Sze, Daniel Y., additional, Kim, Edward, additional, and Garin, Etienne, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Monte Carlo‐derived 99mTc uptake quantification with commercial planar MBI: Tumor and breast activity concentrations.

Author

Lopez, Benjamin P. and Kappadath, S. Cheenu

Subjects
*BREAST, *BREAST tumors, *IMAGE converters, *BREAST imaging, *MEDICAL protocols, *STANDARD deviations
Abstract

Background: Current molecular breast imaging (MBI) images are limited to qualitative evaluation, not absolute measurement, of 99mTc uptake in benign and malignant breast tissues. Purpose: This work assesses the accuracy of previously‐published and newly‐proposed tumor and normal breast tissue 99mTc uptake MBI measurements using simulations of a commercial dual‐headed planar MBI system under typical clinical and acquisition protocols. Methods: Quantification techniques were tested in over 4000 simulated acquisitions of spherical and ellipsoid tumors with clinically relevant uptake conditions using a validated Monte Carlo application of the GE Discovery NM750b system. The evaluated techniques consisted of four tumor total activity methodologies (two single‐detector‐based and two geometric‐mean‐based), two tumor MBI volume methodologies (diameter‐based and ROI‐based), and two normal tissue activity concentration methodologies (single‐detector‐based and geometric‐mean‐based). The most accurate of these techniques were then used to estimate tumor activity concentrations and tumor to normal tissue relative activity concentrations (RC). Results: Single‐detector techniques for tumor total activity quantification achieved mean (standard deviation) relative errors of 0.2% (4.3%) and 1.6% (4.4%) when using the near and far detector images, respectively and were more accurate and precise than the measured 8.1% (5.8%) errors of a previously published geometric‐mean technique. Using these activity estimates and the true tumor volumes resulted in tumor activity concentration and RC errors within 10% of simulated values. The precision of tumor activity concentration and RC when using only MBI measurements were largely driven by the errors in estimating tumor MBI volume using planar images (± 30% inter‐quartile range). Conclusions: Planar MBI images were shown to accurately and reliably be used to estimate tumor total activities and normal tissue activity concentrations in this simulation study. However, volumetric tumor uptake measurements (i.e., absolute and relative concentrations) are limited by inaccuracies in MBI volume estimation using two‐dimensional images, highlighting the need for either tomographic MBI acquisitions or anatomical volume estimates for accurate three‐dimensional tumor uptake estimates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. A global evaluation of advanced dosimetry in transarterial radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma with Yttrium-90: the TARGET study

Author

Researchgr. Nucleaire Geneeskunde, Cancer, Lam, Marnix, Garin, Etienne, Maccauro, Marco, Kappadath, S. Cheenu, Sze, Daniel Y., Turkmen, Cuneyt, Cantasdemir, Murat, Haste, Paul, Herrmann, Ken, Alsuhaibani, Hamad Saleh, Dreher, Matthew, Fowers, Kirk D., Salem, Riad, Researchgr. Nucleaire Geneeskunde, Cancer, Lam, Marnix, Garin, Etienne, Maccauro, Marco, Kappadath, S. Cheenu, Sze, Daniel Y., Turkmen, Cuneyt, Cantasdemir, Murat, Haste, Paul, Herrmann, Ken, Alsuhaibani, Hamad Saleh, Dreher, Matthew, Fowers, Kirk D., and Salem, Riad

Published
2022

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results