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Introduction: Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of death in the world. Despite the recent advances in controlling and treating the disease, the survival rate of this cancer is relatively low. Various factors can affect the survival of the patients with gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the survival rates and the effective factors in the patients with gastric cancer. Methods: The study population included all the patients diagnosed with gastric cancer in Hamadan Province who were referred to Hamadan Imam Khomeini Specialized Clinic between 2004 to 2017. Patients were followed up by periodical referrals and/or telephone contact. The survival rate of the patients was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and effective survival factors with Cox proportional regression. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software at a significance level of 0.05. Results: Out of the 350 patients with gastric cancer, 74.3% were male and 25.7% were female. One-year, three-year and five-year survival rates were 67%, 36% and 27%, respectively. The log -rank test showed that age, type of tumor, stage of disease, type of Surgery and metastasis of the disease were effective on the survival of patients. In Cox's multivariate analysis, the only age variables at the time of diagnosis and chemotherapy were survival variables. (P

Captive breeding to augment wild animal populations is an important tool in the recovery of imperiled species, but low post-release survival and substantial program expenses require methodologies that maximize utility. We evaluated post-release survival of captive-reared Allegheny woodrats ( N eotoma magister) introduced into a declining metapopulation in southern Indiana. We hard-released 16 captive-reared woodrats in 2011 and soft-released 14 woodrats in 2012, while monitoring parallel samples of 16 and 17 wild-born individuals in each year, respectively. We obtained Kaplan- Meier estimates of survivorship for both groups and used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the association between survival and rearing environment (wild or captive), release strategy, sex, body condition and age at release. We quantified movement patterns and related the results of survival models to behavioral tendencies. Survivorship of wild-born individuals was consistently higher than captive-reared individuals. Patterns of survival were best explained by rearing environment and its interaction with time, although disparities in survival between wild-born and captive-reared animals decreased over time. Higher mortality among captive-reared individuals may have been due to more exploratory behavior, as captive-reared woodrats used more dens and traveled farther among successive relocations than wild-born conspecifics. Soft-released individuals had higher initial survival rates and tended to choose dens similar to those of wild individuals, providing evidence that this strategy eased the transition to a wild environment. We recommend future programs use soft-release techniques but also explore other pre-release preparatory strategies such as anti-predator conditioning and environmental enrichment to increase survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To determine whether adult minority patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy ( TLE) experience significantly longer times to anterior temporal lobectomy ( ATL) following presurgical evaluation. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 223 adult patients with epilepsy ( PWE) and unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis who completed presurgical evaluation in the epilepsy monitoring unit at University of California, San Francisco, between January 1, 1993 and December 31, 2010, with follow-up through December 31, 2012. Log-rank test was performed for Kaplan-Meier survival curves of time to ATL stratified by race/ethnicity and by limited English proficiency ( LEP). Adjusted hazard ratios ( HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards and Weibull modeling. Results African Americans ( AAs) and Asian/ Pacific Islanders ( Asian/ PIs) experienced significantly longer times to surgery than whites in Kaplan- Meier plots (log-rank test p = 0.02 and p = 0.005, respectively). AAs and Asian/ PIs also had longer times to surgery after adjusting for frailty, LEP, sex, age, mesial temporal sclerosis ( MTS) laterality, and nonconcordant ictal electroencephalography ( EEG) (adjusted HR = 0.22, p = 0.006; adjusted HR = 0.25, p = 0.003, respectively). Patients with LEP experienced significantly longer times to surgery than patients proficient in English (log-rank test p = 0.0085; adjusted HR = 0.48, p = 0.041). In Cox modeling, nonconcordant ictal EEG studies (adjusted HR = 0.47, p = 0.01), left-sided MTS (adjusted HR = 0.69, p = 0.023), and female sex (adjusted HR = 0.72, p = 0.048) were risk factors for longer times to surgery. Significance A A and Asian/ PI patients as well as those with LEP have significantly longer times to ATL following presurgical evaluation. Future studies should be aimed at identifying the source of these disparities and developing targeted interventions to address them. A PowerPoint slide summarizing this article is available for download in the Supporting Information section . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been associated with increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in both people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Few studies using data from high-quality registries exist that attempt to determine the real- world impact of the increasing use of this drug., Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk of DKA in connection with SGLT2i treatment in Denmark between 2013-2017., Methods: A nationwide retrospective cohort of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus using SGLT2i or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) was established and analysed using both Cox-proportional hazard regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis., Results: The 37,058 individuals included in the cohort, were made up of SGLT2i (10,923), GLP1- RA (18,849), SGLT2i+insulin (2,069), and GLP1-RA+insulin (10,178) users. The incidence rate (IR) of DKA was 0.84 (95% CI 0.49-1.44) and 0.53 (95% CI 0.36-0.77) for the SGLT2i and GLP1-RA groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant increase in the risk for DKA with SGLT2i use (HR 1.02, 95% CI, 0.44-2.36). However, for the SGLT2i+insulin and GLP1- RA+insulin groups, IRs were 3.47 (95% CI 1.92-6.27) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.68-1.37) respectively, and the risk was statistically significantly higher (HR 5.42, 95% CI 2.16-13.56)., Conclusion: We observed no significant increase in the risk of DKA for SGLT2i users compared to GLP1-RA. However, a significantly higher IR of DKA was observed with concomitant insulin use, and the risk of DKA was considerably higher for the SGLT2 group using insulin., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)