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Colonialism, which involves the systemic domination of lands, markets, peoples, assets, cultures or political institutions to exploit, misappropriate and extract wealth and resources, affects health in many ways. In recent years, interest has grown in the decolonization of global health with a focus on correcting power imbalances between high-income and low-income countries and on challenging ideas and values of some wealthy countries that shape the practice of global health. We argue that decolonization of global health must also address the relationship between global health actors and contemporary forms of colonialism, in particular the current forms of corporate and financialized colonialism that operate through globalized systems of wealth extraction and profiteering. We present a three-part agenda for action that can be taken to decolonize global health. The first part relates to the power asymmetries that exist between global health actors from high-income and historically privileged countries and their counterparts in low-income and marginalized settings. The second part concerns the colonization of the structures and systems of global health governance itself. The third part addresses how colonialism occurs through the global health system. Addressing all forms of colonialism calls for a political and economic anticolonialism as well as social decolonization aimed at ensuring greater national, racial, cultural and knowledge diversity within the structures of global health. Le colonialisme, qui implique la domination systemique de terres, de marches, de peuples, de ressources, de cultures ou d'institutions politiques dans le but d'exploiter, de detourner et d'extraire des richesses et des ressources, affecte la sante de nombreuses manieres. Ces dernieres annees, la decolonisation de la sante mondiale a suscite un interet croissant, l'accent etant mis sur la correction des desequilibres de pouvoir entre les pays a revenu eleve et les pays a faible revenu, ainsi que sur la remise en question des idees et des valeurs de certains pays riches qui faponnent la pratique de la sante mondiale. Nous soutenons que la decolonisation de la sante mondiale doit egalement aborder la relation entre les acteurs de la sante mondiale et les formes contemporaines de colonialisme, en particulier les formes actuelles de colonialisme d'entreprise et de colonialisme financiarise qui operent par des systemes mondialises detraction de richesses et de profits. Nous presentons un programme d'action en trois parties destine a decoloniser la sante mondiale. La premiere partie porte sur les asymetries de pouvoir existant entre les acteurs de la sante mondiale des pays a hauts revenus et historiquement privilegies et leurs homologues des pays a faibles revenus et marginalises. La deuxieme partie concerne la colonisation des structures et des systemes de la gouvernance mondiale de la sante elle-meme. La troisieme partie traite de la maniere dont le colonialisme se manifeste a travers le systeme de sante mondial. La lutte contre toutes les formes de colonialisme necessite un anticolonialisme politique et economique ainsi qu'une decolonisation sociale visant a garantir une plus grande diversite nationale, raciale, culturelle et des connaissances au sein des structures de la sante mondiale. El colonialismo, que implica la dominacion sistemica de tierras, mercados, pueblos, bienes, culturas o instituciones politicas para explotar, apropiarse indebidamente y extraer riqueza y recursos, afecta a la salud de muchas maneras. En los ultimos anos ha crecido el interes por descolonizar la salud mundial, en particular para corregir los desequilibrios de poder entre los paises de ingresos altos y los de ingresos bajos, y para cuestionar las ideas y los valores de algunos paises ricos que influyen en la practica de la salud mundial. Sostenemos que la descolonizacion de la salud mundial tambien debe abordar la relacion entre los actores de la salud mundial y las formas contemporaneas de colonialismo, en especial las formas actuales de colonialismo corporativo y financiarizado que operan a traves de sistemas globalizados de extraccion de riqueza y especulacion. Presentamos un programa de accion dividido en tres partes para descolonizar la salud mundial. La primera parte se refiere a las asimetrias de poder que existen entre los actores de la salud mundial procedentes de paises de ingresos altos e historicamente privilegiados y sus homologos de entornos de ingresos bajos y marginados. La segunda parte se refiere a la colonizacion de las estructuras y sistemas de la propia gobernanza de la salud mundial. La tercera parte aborda como se produce el colonialismo a traves del sistema sanitario mundial. Abordar todas las formas de colonialismo exige un anticolonialismo politico y economico, asi como una descolonizacion social destinada a garantizar una mayor diversidad nacional, racial, cultural y de conocimientos dentro de las estructuras de la salud mundial. [phrase omitted], Introduction Medicine and public health have always been shaped by social and political values, (1) as evident in efforts to redress social inequities in health, struggles to realize health as [...]

In the past few years, the numbers of refugees and migrants have increased worldwide, with a reported 79.5 million people forcibly displaced in 2019, the highest number ever recorded. Migrants [...]

Transgender people face numerous obstacles to accessing adequate, affordable, and appropriate sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services as outlined by the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 3.7 target of achieving universal access to SRH services by 2030. However, transgender SRH sits as a poorly researched area within public health that makes it difficult to understand the current dilemmas facing transgender SRH. This article reports the findings of a study aimed at taking stock of global research in transgender SRH. A bibliometric analysis, used to gain insights from the retrieved literature's metadata, alongside a content analysis were utilized to examine the growth, impact, and content of retrieved articles. Nine hundred fourteen journal articles were retrieved, predominately in English (884; 96.7%). These involved 3653 authors from 46 affiliated countries. Most frequent keywords included HIV, PrEP, and gender identity; corresponding to the SRH issues studied, namely HIV/AIDs and gender reassignment. Top cited and overall articles originated heavily from US affiliated authors. Content analysis outlined the articles' inclusion of the transgender community to largely have a mixed focus with cisgender people in research, these articles largely disease-focused and conducted within cities in the United States. Growth in transgender SRH research was minimal until the early-2010s, after which a steep rise can be observed. Research retrieved has a disproportionate clinical and biomedical focus around HIV and related STI issues suggesting a failure to engage with reproductive justice and more comprehensive rights-based understanding of SRH. The sustained use of derogative language suggests a need for greater inclusion and awareness of trans identities within research and publishing. The dominance of the United States in authorship and as a site of research establishes the need for more geographically diverse research, trans, and LMIC-led research enquiry and creating greater opportunities for cross-cultural, comparative, and collaborative scholarly work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Migration and health are increasingly recognised as a global public health priority, but concerns have been raised on the skewed nature of current research and the potential disconnect between health needs and policy and governance responses. The Migration Health South Asia (MiHSA) network led the first systematic research priority-setting exercise for India, aligned with the global call to develop a clearly defined migration health research agenda that will inform research investments and guide migrant-responsive policies by the year 2030. Methods We adapted the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method for this priority setting exercise for migration health. Guided by advisory groups established at international and country levels, we sought research topics from 51 experts from diverse disciplines and sectors across India. We consolidated 223 responses into 59 research topics across five themes and scored them against five predefined criteria: answerability, effectiveness, feasibility, impact, and effect on equity. We then calculated research priority scores (RPS) and average expert agreement (AEA) each research topic and theme. Results A third of the 59 research topics were on migrants' health and health care access, 12 on social determinants of migrants' health, 10 on policies, law and migration health governance, eight on health systems' responsiveness, and five on migration health discourse. Three of the top five priority topics pertained to migrants' health care access. The policies, law, and governance theme had the highest overall RPS score. Conclusions There is a noticeable gap between research priorities identified by experts at the country-level and the current research focus and priorities set globally. This disconnect between the global and local perspectives in migration health scholarship hinders the development of context-specific and suitable policy agendas for improving migrants' health. Our co-developed agenda emphasises the need to prioritise research on the capacity of existing systems and policies so as to make them more migration-aware and responsive to migrants' health needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growing salience of ideas and reforms concerning women's human rights and gender equality, violence against women (VAW) has received heightened policy attention. Recent global calls for ending VAW identify health care systems as having a crucial role in a multisector response to tackle this social injustice. Scholars emphasize the transformative potential of such response in its ability to not only address the varied health consequences but also prevent future recurrence by enabling wider access to support and justice. This wider consensus on the role of health systems, however, demands stronger empirical basis. This article reports findings from an exploratory research developed around the core question: What are the perceived strengths and challenges confronting health systems in offering a comprehensive response to VAW in India? Drawing on site visits, observations, and interviews with front-line staff and program managers of an integrated intervention to tackle violence in Kerala and nongovernment organisation staff in Delhi and Mumbai, the article presents its historical context and key barriers to effective implementation. While promising in terms of outreach and incremental changes in attitudes, barriers include deficits in infrastructure and institutional practices that reinforce inequities in gender–power relations, hostile attitudes, and limited capacities of health workforce to tackle the complex and diverse needs of women experiencing abuse. Locating these experiences in relation to other models rooted in feminist approach, I argue how conventional intervention models of provisioning fail to challenge institutional contexts and structural inequalities that underpin violence and compound vulnerabilities experienced by women, thereby serving a functional response. Health systems are social institutions embedded in prevailing gender norms and power relations that must be tackled alongside addressing imminent needs of women victims of abuse. To this end, feminist approaches to counselling and relational perspectives to social justice can strengthen responsiveness (and transformative potential) of integrated sector-wide interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]