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20. Oral microbiome research from a public health perspective and implications for oral health.

Author

Nath, Sonia, Weyrich, Laura, Zilm, Peter, Kapellas, Kostas, and Jamieson, Lisa

Abstract

Advancing oral microbiome research has revealed the association between oral microbiome composition and oral disease. However, much of the research has predominantly focused on comparing health and disease conditions, overlooking the potential dental public health implications. This article examines the evolution of oral microbial research from inception, advancement, and current knowledge of health-associated microbiota. Specifically, we focus on two key aspects: the impact of lifestyle and environmental factors on the oral microbiome and using the oral microbes as a therapeutic modality. The complex interaction of host intrinsic, environmental, and lifestyle factors affects the occurrence and development of the oral microbiota. The article highlights the need for ongoing research that embraces population diversity to promote health equity in oral health research and integrate public health practices into microbiome-based research. The implication of population-level interventions and targeted approaches harnessing the oral microbiome as an intervention, such as oral microbiome transplantation, should be further explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Longitudinal Displacement of the Carotid Wall and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Associations with Aging, Adiposity, Blood Pressure and Periodontal Disease Independent of Cross-Sectional Distensibility and Intima-Media Thickness

Author

Zahnd, Guillaume, Vray, Didier, Sérusclat, André, Alibay, Djhianne, Bartold, Mark, Brown, Alex, Durand, Marion, Jamieson, Lisa M., Kapellas, Kostas, Maple-Brown, Louise J., O’Dea, Kerin, Moulin, Philippe, Celermajer, David S., and Skilton, Michael R.

Published
2012
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26. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Progression as Surrogate Marker for Cardiovascular Risk

Author

Willeit, Peter, Tschiderer, Lena, Allara, Elias, Reuber, Kathrin, Seekircher, Lisa, Gao, Lu, Liao, Ximing, Lonn, Eva, Gerstein, Hertzel C, Yusuf, Salim, Brouwers, Frank P, Asselbergs, Folkert W, Van Gilst, Wiek, Anderssen, Sigmund A, Grobbee, Diederick E, Kastelein, John JP, Visseren, Frank LJ, Ntaios, George, Hatzitolios, Apostolos I, Savopoulos, Christos, Nieuwkerk, Pythia T, Stroes, Erik, Walters, Matthew, Higgins, Peter, Dawson, Jesse, Gresele, Paolo, Guglielmini, Giuseppe, Migliacci, Rino, Ezhov, Marat, Safarova, Maya, Balakhonova, Tatyana, Sato, Eiichi, Amaha, Mayuko, Nakamura, Tsukasa, Kapellas, Kostas, Jamieson, Lisa M, Skilton, Michael, Blumenthal, James A, Hinderliter, Alan, Sherwood, Andrew, Smith, Patrick J, Van Agtmael, Michiel A, Reiss, Peter, Van Vonderen, Marit GA, Kiechl, Stefan, Klingenschmid, Gerhard, Sitzer, Matthias, Stehouwer, Coen DA, Uthoff, Heiko, Zou, Zhi-Yong, Cunha, Ana R, Neves, Mario F, Witham, Miles D, Park, Hyun-Woong, Lee, Moo-Sik, Bae, Jang-Ho, Bernal, Enrique, Wachtell, Kristian, Kjeldsen, Sverre E, Olsen, Michael H, Preiss, David, Sattar, Naveed, Beishuizen, Edith, Huisman, Menno V, Espeland, Mark A, Schmidt, Caroline, Agewall, Stefan, Ok, Ercan, Aşçi, Gülay, De Groot, Eric, Grooteman, Muriel PC, Blankestijn, Peter J, Bots, Michiel L, Sweeting, Michael J, Thompson, Simon G, Lorenz, Matthias W, PROG-IMT And The Proof-ATHERO Study Groups, Group, PROG-IMT Study, Group, Proof-ATHERO Study, Vascular Medicine, Medical Psychology, APH - Mental Health, APH - Personalized Medicine, Experimental Vascular Medicine, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Global Health, APH - Aging & Later Life, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, Ege Üniversitesi, MUMC+: Centrum voor Chronische Zieken (3), MUMC+: MA Med Staf Artsass Interne Geneeskunde (9), RS: Carim - V01 Vascular complications of diabetes and metabolic syndrome, MUMC+: HVC Pieken Maastricht Studie (9), Interne Geneeskunde, MUMC+: MA Interne Geneeskunde (3), Allara, Elias [0000-0002-1634-8330], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Internal medicine, Nephrology, and ACS - Diabetes & metabolism

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Carotid Artery, Common, carotid intima-media thickness, LDL TREATMENT STRATEGIES, Myocardial Infarction, surrogate marker, TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS, HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Impaired glucose tolerance, EXTENDED-RELEASE NIACIN, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE, ESTROGEN PLUS PROGESTIN, cardiovascular disease, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, BASE-LINE CHARACTERISTICS, medicine, Humans, CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, cardiovascular diseases, Stroke, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, clinical trials as topic, business.industry, Surrogate endpoint, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Common, Clinical trial, meta-analysis, ARTERIAL-WALL THICKNESS, Intima-media thickness, JAPAN STATIN TREATMENT, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Relative risk, Meta-analysis, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, Female, Carotid Artery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Background: To quantify the association between effects of interventions on carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) progression and their effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Methods: We systematically collated data from randomized, controlled trials. cIMT was assessed as the mean value at the common-carotid-artery; if unavailable, the maximum value at the common-carotid-artery or other cIMT measures were used. the primary outcome was a combined CVD end point defined as myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization procedures, or fatal CVD. We estimated intervention effects on cIMT progression and incident CVD for each trial, before relating the 2 using a Bayesian meta-regression approach. Results: We analyzed data of 119 randomized, controlled trials involving 100 667 patients (mean age 62 years, 42% female). Over an average follow-up of 3.7 years, 12 038 patients developed the combined CVD end point. Across all interventions, each 10 mu m/y reduction of cIMT progression resulted in a relative risk for CVD of 0.91 (95% Credible Interval, 0.87-0.94), with an additional relative risk for CVD of 0.92 (0.87-0.97) being achieved independent of cIMT progression. Taken together, we estimated that interventions reducing cIMT progression by 10, 20, 30, or 40 mu m/y would yield relative risks of 0.84 (0.75-0.93), 0.76 (0.67-0.85), 0.69 (0.59-0.79), or 0.63 (0.52-0.74), respectively. Results were similar when grouping trials by type of intervention, time of conduct, time to ultrasound follow-up, availability of individual-participant data, primary versus secondary prevention trials, type of cIMT measurement, and proportion of female patients. Conclusions: the extent of intervention effects on cIMT progression predicted the degree of CVD risk reduction. This provides a missing link supporting the usefulness of cIMT progression as a surrogate marker for CVD risk in clinical trials., Austrian Science Fund (FWF)Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P 32488]; Dr-Johannes-and-Hertha-Tuba Foundation; German Research FoundationGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [DFG Lo 1569/2-1, DFG Lo 1569/2-3]; excellence initiative "Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies" (COMET) of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) "Research Center of Excellence in Vascular Ageing: Tyrol, VAS-Cage" - Bundesministerium fur Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie (B [843536]; Bundesministerium fur Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung (BMWFW); Wirtschaftsagentur Wien; Standortagentur Tirol, This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; P 32488); the Dr-Johannes-and-Hertha-Tuba Foundation; the German Research Foundation (DFG Lo 1569/2-1 and DFG Lo 1569/2-3); and the excellence initiative "Competence Centers for Excellent Technologies" (COMET) of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) "Research Center of Excellence in Vascular Ageing: Tyrol, VAS-Cage" (K-Project No. 843536), funded by Bundesministerium fur Verkehr, Innovation und Technologie (BMVIT), Bundesministerium fur Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung (BMWFW), Wirtschaftsagentur Wien, and Standortagentur Tirol.

Published
2020
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32. Development of Social Determinants of Health Screening Tool (SDoHST): qualitative validation with stakeholders and patients in South Australia.

Author

Poirier, Brianna Faye, Ribeiro Santiago, Pedro Henrique, Kapellas, Kostas, Jamieson, Lisa, Neadley, Kate Emily, and Boyd, Mark

Subjects
SOCIAL determinants of health, MEDICAL screening, MEDICAL personnel, HOUSING stability, URBAN hospitals
Abstract

It is well-established that social determinants of health contribute to health and well-being. Among the social determinants of health, health-related social needs (HRSNs) are unmet needs that can be identified by the health care system and addressed through referral to community services. Despite the importance of identifying patients with HRSNs, none of the few screening tools for HRSNs available internationally have received a comprehensive psychometric validation. This study aims to conduct a qualitative validation of the Social Determinants of Health Screening Tool (SDoHST). This study took place at Lyell McEwin Hospital, a major tertiary hospital located in Adelaide, South Australia. Patient (n = 5) and stakeholder (n = 9) focus groups were conducted face to face, audio recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Inductive content analysis of focus group transcripts was performed to inform tool modifications (e.g. item rewording). The patient focus group recommended the addition of an explanatory paragraph to improve face validity, and highlighted the importance of reliable transport and internet access. The stakeholder focus group recommended using language that carries less stigma to this particular community and incorporating questions surrounding cultural, linguistic, and spiritual needs. The final version of the SDoHST included 12 items (four original items were removed and seven new items were added during the validation process). The SDoHST is the first validated tool to measure social determinants of health (and specifically HRSNs) in Australia, receiving a comprehensive qualitative validation. The instrument is readily available and future studies will further investigate its psychometric properties with quantitative methods. A brief guide to screening tools for social determinants of health and their validation The importance of social context in contributing to overall health is well-established. Social determinants of health (SDoH) are social and environmental factors such as employment, housing security, financial stability, social isolation, and personal safety, which contribute up to 60% of overall health. In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in how healthcare systems view health and wellbeing. There is a growing call to intervene in adverse SDoH from within the healthcare system. One such intervention involves screening patients for unmet needs, such as housing or food insecurity, and providing appropriate connections to organizations in the community to assist with their needs. The screening tools implemented in this context are multiple and diverse. Some target only one or two factors while others assess multiple SDoH. However, little is reported about the development of these tools. If a screening tool is not thoroughly developed and validated, it is impossible to know whether the data collected with the tool are appropriate or relevant. This study details the development and validation of a screening tool for unmet social needs by community members and healthcare providers at a major metropolitan hospital in South Australia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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37. Additional file 1 of Global concerns of dental and oral health workers during COVID-19 outbreak: a scope study on the concerns and the coping strategies

Author

Bastani, Peivand, Mohammadtaghi Mohammadpour, Ghanbarzadegan, Arash, Kapellas, Kostas, and Do, Loc Giang

Subjects
InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSTORAGEANDRETRIEVAL, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Data_FILES, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS
Abstract

Additional file 1. Supplementary tables

Published
2021
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50. The Prospective Studies of Atherosclerosis (Proof-ATHERO) Consortium : Design and Rationale

Author

Tschiderer, Lena, Seekircher, Lisa, Klingenschmid, Gerhard, Izzo, Raffaele, Baldassarre, Damiano, Iglseder, Bernhard, Calabresi, Laura, Liu, Jing, Price, JackieF., Bae, Jang-Ho, Brouwers, FrankP., de Groot, Eric, Schmidt, Caroline, Bergstroem, Goeran, Asci, Guelay, Gresele, Paolo, Okazaki, Shuhei, Kapellas, Kostas, Landecho, ManuelF., Sattar, Naveed, Agewall, Stefan, Zou, Zhi-Yong, Byrne, Christopher D., Nanayakkara, Prabath W. B., Papagianni, Aikaterini, Witham, Miles D., Bernal, Enrique, Ekart, Robert, van Agtmael, Michiel A., Neves, Mario F., Sato, Eiichi, Ezhov, Marat, Walters, Matthew, Olsen, Michael H., Stolic, Radojica, Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, DorotaA., Hanefeld, Markolf, Staub, Daniel, Nagai, Michiaki, Nieuwkerk, Pythia T., Huisman, Menno V., Kato, Akihiko, Honda, Hirokazu, Parraga, Grace, Magliano, Dianna, Gabriel, Rafael, Rundek, Tatjana, Espeland, Mark A., Kiechl, Stefan, Willeit, Johann, Lind, Lars, Empana, Jean Philippe, Lonn, Eva, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Catapano, Alberico, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Sander, Dirk, Kavousi, Maryam, Beulens, Joline W. J., Bots, Michiel L., Sweeting, Michael J., Lorenz, Matthias W., Willeit, Peter, Tschiderer, Lena, Seekircher, Lisa, Klingenschmid, Gerhard, Izzo, Raffaele, Baldassarre, Damiano, Iglseder, Bernhard, Calabresi, Laura, Liu, Jing, Price, JackieF., Bae, Jang-Ho, Brouwers, FrankP., de Groot, Eric, Schmidt, Caroline, Bergstroem, Goeran, Asci, Guelay, Gresele, Paolo, Okazaki, Shuhei, Kapellas, Kostas, Landecho, ManuelF., Sattar, Naveed, Agewall, Stefan, Zou, Zhi-Yong, Byrne, Christopher D., Nanayakkara, Prabath W. B., Papagianni, Aikaterini, Witham, Miles D., Bernal, Enrique, Ekart, Robert, van Agtmael, Michiel A., Neves, Mario F., Sato, Eiichi, Ezhov, Marat, Walters, Matthew, Olsen, Michael H., Stolic, Radojica, Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz, DorotaA., Hanefeld, Markolf, Staub, Daniel, Nagai, Michiaki, Nieuwkerk, Pythia T., Huisman, Menno V., Kato, Akihiko, Honda, Hirokazu, Parraga, Grace, Magliano, Dianna, Gabriel, Rafael, Rundek, Tatjana, Espeland, Mark A., Kiechl, Stefan, Willeit, Johann, Lind, Lars, Empana, Jean Philippe, Lonn, Eva, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Catapano, Alberico, Chien, Kuo-Liong, Sander, Dirk, Kavousi, Maryam, Beulens, Joline W. J., Bots, Michiel L., Sweeting, Michael J., Lorenz, Matthias W., and Willeit, Peter

Abstract

Atherosclerosis - the pathophysiological mechanism shared by most cardiovascular diseases - can be directly or indirectly assessed by a variety of clinical tests including measurement of carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, ankle-brachial index, pulse wave velocity, and coronary artery calcium. The Prospective Studies of Atherosclerosis (Proof-ATHERO) consortium (https://clinicalepi.i-med.ac.at/research/proof-athero/) collates de-identified individual-participant data of studies with information on atherosclerosis measures, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and incidence of cardiovascular diseases. It currently comprises 74 studies that involve 106,846 participants from 25 countries and over 40 cities. In summary, 21 studies recruited participants from the general population (n = 67,784), 16 from high-risk populations (n = 22,677), and 37 as part of clinical trials (n = 16,385). Baseline years of contributing studies range from April 1980 to July 2014; the latest follow-up was until June 2019. Mean age at baseline was 59 years (standard deviation: 10) and 50% were female. Over a total of 830,619 person-years of follow-up, 17,270 incident cardiovascular events (including coronary heart disease and stroke) and 13,270 deaths were recorded, corresponding to cumulative incidences of 2.1% and 1.6% per annum, respectively. The consortium is coordinated by the Clinical Epidemiology Team at the Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria. Contributing studies undergo a detailed data cleaning and harmonisation procedure before being incorporated in the Proof-ATHERO central database. Statistical analyses are being conducted according to pre-defined analysis plans and use established methods for individual-participant data meta-analysis. Capitalising on its large sample size, the multi-institutional collaborative Proof-ATHERO consortium aims to better characterise, understand, and predict the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences.

Published
2020
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