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4. Factors associated with anaemia among preschool- age children in underprivileged neighbourhoods in Antananarivo, Madagascar

Author

Randrianarisoa, Mirella Malala, Rakotondrainipiana, Maheninasy, Randriamparany, Ravaka, Andriantsalama, Prisca Vega, Randrianarijaona, Anjasoa, Habib, Azimdine, Robinson, Annick, Raharimalala, Lisette, Hunald, Francis Allen, Etienne, Aurélie, Collard, Jean-Marc, Randrianirina, Frédérique, Barouki, Robert, Pontoizeau, Clement, Nestoret, Alison, Kapel, Nathalie, Sansonetti, Philippe, Vonaesch, Pascale, and Randremanana, Rindra Vatosoa

Published
2022
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5. Reduction of product composition variability using pooled microbiome ecosystem therapy and consequence in two infectious murine models

Author

Reygner, Julie, primary, Delannoy, Johanne, additional, Barba-Goudiaby, Marie-Thérèse, additional, Gasc, Cyrielle, additional, Levast, Benoît, additional, Gaschet, Enora, additional, Ferraris, Laurent, additional, Paul, Stéphane, additional, Kapel, Nathalie, additional, Waligora-Dupriet, Anne-Judith, additional, Barbut, Frederic, additional, Thomas, Muriel, additional, Schwintner, Carole, additional, Laperrousaz, Bastien, additional, and Corvaïa, Nathalie, additional

Published
2024
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10. Effect of Stool Sampling on a Routine Clinical Method for the Quantification of Six Short Chain Fatty Acids in Stool Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry.

Author

Mahdi, Tarek, Desmons, Aurore, Krasniqi, Pranvera, Lacorte, Jean-Marc, Kapel, Nathalie, Lamazière, Antonin, Fourati, Salma, and Eguether, Thibaut

Subjects
SHORT-chain fatty acids, GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS), BUTYRIC acid, INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases, IRRITABLE colon, HOMEOSTASIS, SMALL intestine
Abstract

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are primarily produced in the caecum and proximal colon via the bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates that have avoided digestion in the small intestine. Increasing evidence supports the critical role that SCFAs play in health and homeostasis. Microbial SCFAs, namely butyric acid, serve as a principal energy source for colonocytes, and their production is essential for gut integrity. A direct link between SCFAs and some human pathological conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea, and cancer, has been proposed. The direct measurement of SCFAs in feces provides a non-invasive approach to demonstrating connections between SCFAs, microbiota, and metabolic diseases to estimate their potential applicability as meaningful biomarkers of intestinal health. This study aimed to adapt a robust analytical method (liquid–liquid extraction, followed by isobutyl chloroformate derivatization and GC–MS analysis), with comparable performances to methods from the literature, and to use this tool to tackle the question of pre-analytical conditions, namely stool processing. We focused on the methodology of managing stool samples before the analysis (fresh stool or dilution in either ethanol/methanol, lyophilized stool, or RNAlater®), as this is a significant issue to consider for standardizing results between clinical laboratories. The objective was to standardize methods for future applications as diagnostic tools. In this paper, we propose a validated GC–MS method for SCFA quantification in stool samples, including pre- and post-analytical comparison studies that could be easily used for clinical laboratory purposes. Our results show that using lyophilization as a stool-processing method would be the best method to achieve this goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Intestinal invalidation of the glucose transporter GLUT2 delays tissue distribution of glucose and reveals an unexpected role in gut homeostasis

Author

Schmitt, Charlotte C., Aranias, Thomas, Viel, Thomas, Chateau, Danielle, Le Gall, Maude, Waligora-Dupriet, Anne-Judith, Melchior, Chloé, Rouxel, Ophélie, Kapel, Nathalie, Gourcerol, Guillaume, Tavitian, Bertrand, Lehuen, Agnès, Brot-Laroche, Edith, Leturque, Armelle, Serradas, Patricia, and Grosfeld, Alexandra

Published
2017
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15. The intestinal microbiota regulates host cholesterol homeostasis

Author

Le Roy, Tiphaine, Lécuyer, Emelyne, Chassaing, Benoit, Rhimi, Moez, Lhomme, Marie, Boudebbouze, Samira, Ichou, Farid, Haro Barceló, Júlia, Huby, Thierry, Guerin, Maryse, Giral, Philippe, Maguin, Emmanuelle, Kapel, Nathalie, Gérard, Philippe, Clément, Karine, and Lesnik, Philippe

Published
2019
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16. Fecal microbiota transplantation in a rodent model of short bowel syndrome: A therapeutic approach?

Author

Fourati, Salma, primary, Dumay, Anne, additional, Roy, Maryline, additional, Willemetz, Alexandra, additional, Ribeiro-Parenti, Lara, additional, Mauras, Aurélie, additional, Mayeur, Camille, additional, Thomas, Muriel, additional, Kapel, Nathalie, additional, Joly, Francisca, additional, Le Gall, Maude, additional, Bado, André, additional, and Le Beyec, Johanne, additional

Published
2023
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17. Faecal microbiota transplantation in recurrent Clostridium difficile infection: Recommendations from the French Group of Faecal microbiota Transplantation

Author

Sokol, Harry, Galperine, Tatiana, Kapel, Nathalie, Bourlioux, Pierre, Seksik, Philippe, Barbut, Frederic, Scanzi, Julien, Chast, François, Batista, Rui, Joly, Francisca, Joly, Anne-Christine, Collignon, Anne, Guery, Benoit, Beaugerie, Laurent, Alric, Laurent, Aucouturier, Jean-Paul, Amiot, Aurelien, Bemer, Pascale, Benamouzig, Robert, Benech, Nicolas, Billioud, Claire, Boschetti, Gille, Boubaddi, Nour, Bouguen, Guillaume, Bourreille, Arnaud, Carbonnel, Franck, Cesbron-Metivier, Elodie, Coffin, Benoit, Collins, Michael, Davido, Benjamin, Davion, Thierry, Dinh, Aurelilen, Duboc, Henri, Ducrotte, Philippe, Fraisse, Thibaut, Gachot, Bertrand, Guillet, Marielle, Heyman, B., Metivier, Elodie, Mille, Frederic, Mosca, Alexis, Nebbad, Biba, Perlemuter, Gabriel, Piche, Thierry, Reimund, Jean-Marie, Revest, Matthieu, Sabate, Jean-Marc, Sobhani, Iradj, Schneider, Stephane, Trang, Caroline, Viennot, Stephanie, Viala, Maurice, Voican, Cosmin, and Zerbib, Frank

Published
2016
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21. The eukaryotic gut virome in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: new clues in enteric graft-versus-host disease

Author

Legoff, Jérôme, Resche-Rigon, Matthieu, Bouquet, Jerome, Robin, Marie, Naccache, Samia N, Mercier-Delarue, Séverine, Federman, Scot, Samayoa, Erik, Rousseau, Clotilde, Piron, Prescillia, Kapel, Nathalie, Simon, François, Socié, Gérard, and Chiu, Charles Y

Subjects
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) -- Physiological aspects -- Research, Gastrointestinal diseases -- Care and treatment -- Patient outcomes -- Research, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation -- Physiological aspects -- Patient outcomes -- Research, Biological sciences, Health
Abstract

Author(s): Jérôme Legoff [1, 2]; Matthieu Resche-Rigon [3]; Jerome Bouquet [2, 4]; Marie Robin [5]; Samia N Naccache [2, 4]; Séverine Mercier-Delarue [1]; Scot Federman [2, 4]; Erik Samayoa [2, [...]

Published
2017
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23. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection Can Be the Best Therapeutic Option in Severely Immunocompromised Patients Depending on a Case-by-Case Assessment of the Benefit-to-Risk Ratio

Author

Benech, Nicolas, Cassir, Nadim, Alric, Laurent, Melchior, Chloé, Mosca, Alexis, Joly, Anne-Christine, Kapel, Nathalie, Barbut, Frédéric, Galperine, Tatiana, Pigneur, Bénédicte, Davido, Benjamin, Schneider, Stéphane, Briot, Thomas, Wasiak, Mathieu, Nebad, Biba, Batista, Rui, Bleibtreu, Alexandre, Scanzi, Julien, Sokol, Harry, Sintes, Rachel, Corriger, Alexandrine, Flet, Laurent, Perlemuter, Gabriel, Ahloulay, Mina, Yaye, Hassane Sadou, De Rougemont, Alexis, Olivier, Emmanuelle, Burucoa, Christophe, Gobert, Jean-gérard, Landman, Cecilia, Vignal, Luc, Joly, Francisca, Ravinet, Aurélie, Bellanger, Agnès, Sabate, Jean-Marc, Humbert, Caroline, Wisnewsky, Judith Aron, Charpentier, Chloé, Moreno-Sabater, Alicia, Takoudju, Céline, Poirier, Philippe, Tanne, Florence, De Lastours, Victoire, and Stampfli, Camille

Published
2024
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24. Identifying the etiology and pathophysiology underlying stunting and environmental enteropathy: study protocol of the AFRIBIOTA project

Author

Vonaesch, Pascale, Randremanana, Rindra, Gody, Jean-Chrysostome, Collard, Jean-Marc, Giles-Vernick, Tamara, Doria, Maria, Vigan-Womas, Inès, Rubbo, Pierre-Alain, Etienne, Aurélie, Andriatahirintsoa, Emilson Jean, Kapel, Nathalie, Brown, Eric, Huus, Kelsey E., Duffy, Darragh, Finlay, B.Brett, Hasan, Milena, Hunald, Francis Allen, Robinson, Annick, Manirakiza, Alexandre, Wegener-Parfrey, Laura, Vray, Muriel, Sansonetti, Philippe J., and for the AFRIBIOTA Investigators

Published
2018
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28. The human gut microbiota contributes to type-2 diabetes non-resolution 5-years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

Author

Debédat, Jean, primary, Le Roy, Tiphaine, additional, Voland, Lise, additional, Belda, Eugeni, additional, Alili, Rohia, additional, Adriouch, Solia, additional, Bel Lassen, Pierre, additional, Kasahara, Kazuyuki, additional, Hutchison, Evan, additional, Genser, Laurent, additional, Torres, Licia, additional, Gamblin, Camille, additional, Rouault, Christine, additional, Zucker, Jean-Daniel, additional, Kapel, Nathalie, additional, Poitou, Christine, additional, Marcelin, Geneviève, additional, Rey, Federico E., additional, Aron-Wisnewsky, Judith, additional, and Clément, Karine, additional

Published
2022
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29. Stunted children display ectopic small intestinal colonization by oral bacteria, which cause lipid malabsorption in experimental models

Author

Vonaesch, Pascale, Araújo, João, Gody, Jean-Chrysostome, Mbecko, Jean-Robert, Sanke, Hugues, Andrianonimiadana, Lova, Naharimanananirina, Tanteliniaina, Ningatoloum, Synthia Nazita, Vondo, Sonia Sandrine, Gondje, Privat Bolmbaye, Rodriguez-Pozo, Andre, Rakotondrainipiana, Maheninasy, Kandou, Kaleb Jephté Estimé, Nestoret, Alison, Kapel, Nathalie, Djorie, Serge Ghislain, Finlay, B. Brett, Wegener Parfrey, Laura, Collard, Jean-Marc, Randremanana, Rindra Vatosoa, Sansonetti, Philippe, Collard, Jean-Marc, Pathogénie microbienne moléculaire, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), University of Basel (Unibas), Centre pédiatrique de Bangui, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité de Bactériologie Expérimentale [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona (CHUJRA), Immunologie Translationnelle - Translational Immunology lab, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of British Columbia (UBC), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), This project was funded by the Total Foundation, the Institut Pasteur, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grant OPP1204689, the Fondation Petram, Nutricia Foundation Grant NRF 2016-10, and a donation from the Odyssey Re-Insurance Company. P.V. was supported by Swiss National Science Foundation Early Postdoctoral Fellowship P2EZP3_152159, Advanced Postdoctoral Fellowship P300PA_177876, and Return Grant P3P3PA_17877, a Roux-Cantarini fellowship (2016), a L’Oréal–UNESCO for Women in Science France fellowship (2017), and an Excellence Scholarship from the University of Basel (Forschungsfonds, 2019). Her group is funded through the NCCR Microbiomes, a National Centre of Competence in Research, funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant number 180575). Work in the group of L.W.P. is funded by Human Frontier Science Program Grant RGY0078/2015. P.J.S. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Senior Foreign Scholar and CIFAR scholar in the human microbiome consortium., We thank all children and their families who participated in the Afribiota project. Further, we thank the Afribiota Consortium, the participating hospitals in Bangui and Antananarivo, the Institut Pasteur, the Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, the Institut Pasteur de Bangui, and members of the scientific advisory boards for their continuous support, and we thank the Centre de Recherche Translationelle and the Direction Internationale of the Institut Pasteur (especially Paméla Palvadeau, Jane Lynda Deuve, Cécile Artaud, Nathalie Jolly, Sophie Jarrijon, Mamy Ratsialonina, and Jean-François Damaras) for help in setting up and steering the Afribiota project. We also thank J.-M.C., Pierre-Alain Rubbo, Dieu-Merci Welekoi-Yapondo, L.A., Laurence Arowas, and Marie-Noelle Ungeheuer for managing the biobank, the members of the animal facility at the Institut Pasteur for taking care of the mice, the Centre d’Immunolgoie Humaine of the Institut Pasteur, especially Milena Hasan, Tarshana Stephen, and Esma Karkeni, for help with setting up the LUMINEX assays at their platform, Asmaa Tazi for identification of the bacteria by MALDI-TOF spectroscopy, Estelle Martineau at the Platform Spectrometries Capacités at the University of Nantes for quantification of the fermentation products, Kelsey Huus for critical reading of the manuscript, and Munir Winkel for streamlining of the R code., and Liste of Afribiota Inverstigators : Laurence Barbot-Trystram, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France Robert Barouki, Hôpital Necker- Enfants maladies, Paris, France Alexandra Bastaraud, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar Jean-Marc Collard, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar Maria Doria, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Darragh Duffy, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France B. Brett Finlay, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Serge Ghislain Djorie, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic Tamara Giles-Vernick, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Bolmbaye Privat Gondje, Complexe Pédiatrique de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic Jean-Chrysostome Gody, Complexe Pédiatrique de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic Milena Hasan, Institut Pasteur, France Francis Allen Hunald, Service de Chirurgie pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona (CHU-JRA), Antananarivo, Madagascar Nathalie Kapel, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France Jean-Pierre Lombart, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic Alexandre Manirakiza, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic Synthia Nazita Nigatoloum, Complexe Pédiatrique de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic Laura Wegener Parfrey, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada Lisette Raharimalala, Centre de Santé Materno-Infantile, Tsaralalana, Antananarivo, Madagascar Maheninasy Rakotondrainipiana, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar Rindra Vatosoa Randremanana, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar Harifetra Mamy Richard Randriamizao, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona (CHU-JRA), Antananarivo, Madagascar Frédérique Randrianirina, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar Annick Robinson, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mère Enfant de Tsaralalana, Antananarivo, Madagascar Pierre-Alain Rubbo, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, République Centrafricaine Philippe Sansonetti, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Laura Schaeffer, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Ionela Gouandjika-Vassilache, Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Bangui, République Centrafricaine Pascale Vonaesch, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France Sonia Sandrine Vondo, Complexe Pédiatrique de Bangui, Bangui, Central African Republic Inès Vigan-Womas, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagasca

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], stunted child growth, lipid malabsorption, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], environmental enteric dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, small intestine, [SDV.MHEP.HEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology
Abstract

International audience; Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an inflammatory syndrome postulated to contribute to stunted child growth and to be associated with intestinal dysbiosis and nutrient malabsorption. However, the small intestinal contributions to EED remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess changes in the proximal and distal intestinal microbiota in the context of stunting and EED and to test for a causal role of these bacterial isolates in the underlying pathophysiology. We performed a cross-sectional study in two African countries recruiting roughly 1,000 children aged 2 to 5 years and assessed the microbiota in the stomach, duodenum, and feces. Upper gastrointestinal samples were obtained from stunted children and stratified according to stunting severity. Fecal samples were collected. We then investigated the role of clinical isolates in EED pathophysiology using tissue culture and animal models. We find that small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is extremely common (>80%) in stunted children. SIBO is frequently characterized by an overgrowth of oral bacteria, leading to increased permeability and inflammation and to replacement of classical small intestinal strains. These duodenal bacterial isolates decrease lipid absorption in both cultured enterocytes and mice, providing a mechanism by which they may exacerbate EED and stunting. Further, we find a specific fecal signature associated with the EED markers fecal calprotectin and alpha-antitrypsin. Our study shows a causal implication of ectopic colonization of oral bacterial isolated from the small intestine in nutrient malabsorption and gut leakiness in vitro. These findings have important therapeutic implications for modulating the microbiota through microbiota-targeted interventions.

Published
2022

31. Stunted Child Growth Is Associated With Small Intestinal Colonization by Oral Bacteria Driving Lipid Malabsorption and Inflammation in vitro

Author

Vonaesch, Pascale, primary, Araújo, João R., additional, Gody, Jean-Chrysostome, additional, Mbecko, Jean-Robert, additional, Sanke, Hugues, additional, Andrianonimiadana, Lova, additional, Naharimanananirina, Tanteliniaina, additional, Nigateloum, Cynthia, additional, Vondo, Sonia, additional, Gondje, Privat, additional, Rodriguez-Pozo, Andre, additional, Rakotondrainipiana, Maheninasy, additional, Kandou, Kaleb Jephté Estimé, additional, Nestoret, Alison, additional, Kapel, Nathalie, additional, Djorie, Serge Ghislain, additional, Parfrey, Laura Wegener, additional, Collard, Jean-Marc, additional, Randremanana, Rindra Vatosoa, additional, Sansonetti, Philippe J., additional, and Investigators, Afribiota, additional

Published
2022
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33. Epidemiological and clinical study of microsporidiosis in French kidney transplant recipients from 2005 to 2019: TRANS‐SPORE registry

Author

Dumond, Clément, Aulagnon, Florence, Etienne, Isabelle, Heng, Anne‐Elisabeth, Bougnoux, Marie‐Elisabeth, Favennec, Loic, Kamar, Nassim, Iriart, Xavier, Pereira, Bruno, Büchler, Mathias, Desoubeaux, Guillaume, Kaminski, Hannah, Lussac‐Sorton, Florian, Gargala, Gilles, Anglicheau, Dany, Poirier, Philippe, Scemla, Anne, Garrouste, Cyril, Labbe, Franck, Damiani, Céline, Le Govic, Yohann, Totet, Anne, De Gentile, Ludovic, Lemoine, Jean‐Philippe, Bellanger, Anne Pauline, Accoceberry, Isabelle, Delhaes, Laurence, Gabriel, Frédéric, Millet, Pascal, Le Gal, Solène, Nevez, Gilles, Bonhomme, Julie, Capitaine, Agathe, Demar, Magalie, Moniot, Maxime, Nourrisson, Céline, Angebault, Cécile, Botterel, Françoise, Foulet, Françoise, Basmaciyan, Louise, Dalle, Frédéric, Valot, Stéphane, Desbois‐Nogard, Nicole, Robert, Gladys, Deleplancque, Anne‐Sophie, Frealle, Emilie, Leroy, Jordan, Ajzenberg, Daniel, Durieux, Marie‐Fleur, Chapey‐Picq, Emmanuelle, Dupont, Damien, Menotti, Jean, Rabodonirina, Meja, Lollivier, Coralie, Bastien, Patrick, Debourgogne, Anne, Machouart, Marie, Lavergne, Rose‐Anne, Morio, Florent, Delaunay, Pascal, Pomares, Christelle, Simon, Loïc, Sasso, Milène, Argy, Nicolas, Houze, Sandrine, Yera, Hélène, Dannaoui, Eric, Sitterle, Emilie, Kapel, Nathalie, Tantaoui, Ilhame, Thellier, Marc, Belkadi, Ghania Belkacem, Moreno‐Sabater, Alicia, Hamane, Samia, Nicolas, Muriel, Perraud, Estelle, Chemla, Cathy, Villena, Isabelle, Autier, Brice, Costa, Damien, Flori, Pierre, Brunet, Julie, BERRY, Antoine, Chesnay, Adélaïde, Artur, Fabienne, Verdurme, Laura, Foulquier, Jean‐Baptiste, Prigent, Gwenole, Chatelain, Rémi, Lesthelle, Sophie, Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), SFR UA 4208 Interactions Cellulaires et Applications Thérapeutiques (ICAT), Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologiede [CHRU Brest], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), CHU Trousseau [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Infection Inflammation et Interaction Hôtes Pathogènes [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (3IHP ), Direction de la recherche clinique et de l’innovation [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (DRCI), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Epidémiosurveillance de protozooses à transmission alimentaire et vectorielle (ESCAPE), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Opportunistic infection, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030230 surgery, Microsporidiosis, Gastroenterology, Albendazole, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Fumagillin, Registries, Kidney transplantation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, 0303 health sciences, Transplantation, biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Enterocytozoon, Middle Aged, Spores, Fungal, fumagillin, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Kidney Transplantation, 3. Good health, immunosuppressive regimen, Diarrhea, Infectious Diseases, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Introduction Microsporidiosis is an emerging opportunistic infection in renal transplantation (RT) recipients. We aimed to describe its clinical presentation and treatment. Materials and methods We collected microsporidiosis cases identified in RT recipients between 2005 and 2019 in six French centers from the Crystal, Divat and Astre prospective databases. Results We report 68 RT recipients with intestinal microsporidiosis; the patients were predominantly male (61.8%), with a median age of 58 (46-69) years. Infection occurred at a median time of 3 (0.8-6.8) years posttransplant. Only Enterocytozoon bieneusi was found. Microsporidiosis manifested as diarrhea (98.5% of patients) with weight loss (72.1%) and acute renal injury (57.4%) without inflammatory biological parameters. The therapeutic approaches were no treatment (N = 9), reduction of the immunosuppressive regimen (∆IS) (N = 22), fumagillin alone (N = 9), fumagillin and ∆IS (N = 19), and albendazole or nitazoxanide and ∆IS (N = 9). Overall clinical remission was observed in 60 patients (88.2%). We observed no acute kidney rejection, renal transplant failure or death within 6 months after microsporidiosis. Conclusion E. bieneusi is an underestimated opportunistic pathogen in RT recipients, and infection with E. bieneusi leads to diarrhea with important dehydration and acute renal injury. The treatment is based on the reduction of the immunosuppressive regimen and the administration of fumagillin if available. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Published
2021

34. The eukaryome of African children is influenced by geographic location, gut biogeography, and nutritional status.

Author

Vonaesch, Pascale, Billy, Vincent, Mann, Allison E, Morien, Evan, Habib, Azimdine, Collard, Jean-Marc, Dédé, Michel, Kapel, Nathalie, Sansonetti, Philippe J, Parfrey, Laura Wegener, and Investigators, for the Afribiota

Abstract

Eukaryotes have historically been studied as parasites, but recent evidence suggests they may be indicators of a healthy gut ecosystem. Here, we describe the eukaryome along the gastrointestinal tract of children aged 2–5 years and test for associations with clinical factors such as anaemia, intestinal inflammation, chronic undernutrition, and age. Children were enrolled from December 2016 to May 2018 in Bangui, Central African Republic and Antananarivo, Madagascar. We analyzed a total of 1104 samples representing 212 gastric, 187 duodenal, and 705 fecal samples using a metabarcoding approach targeting the full ITS2 region for fungi, and the V4 hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene for the overall eukaryome. Roughly, half of all fecal samples showed microeukaryotic reads. We find high intersubject variability, only a handful of taxa that are likely residents of the gastrointestinal tract, and frequent co-occurrence of eukaryotes within an individual. We also find that the eukaryome differs between the stomach, duodenum, and feces and is strongly influenced by country of origin. Our data show trends towards higher levels of Fusarium equiseti , a mycotoxin producing fungus, and lower levels of the protist Blastocystis in stunted children compared to nonstunted controls. Overall, the eukaryome is poorly correlated with clinical variables. Our study is of one of the largest cohorts analyzing the human intestinal eukaryome to date and the first to compare the eukaryome across different compartments of the gastrointestinal tract. Our results highlight the importance of studying populations across the world to uncover common features of the eukaryome in health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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36. Stunted children display ectopic small intestinal colonization by oral bacteria,which cause lipidmalabsorption in experimentalmodels.

Author

Vonaesch, Pascale, Araújo, João R., Gody, Jean-Chrysostome, Mbecko, Jean-Robert, Sanke, Hugues, Andrianonimiadana, Lova, Naharimanananirina, Tanteliniaina, Ningatoloum, Synthia Nazita, Vondo, Sonia Sandrine, Gondje, Privat Bolmbaye, Rodriguez-Pozo, Andre, Rakotondrainipiana, Maheninasy, Estimè Kandou, Kaleb Jephtè, Nestoret, Alison, Kapel, Nathalie, Djorie, Serge Ghislain, Finlay, B. Brett, Parfrey, Laura Wegener, Collard, Jean-Marc, and Randremanana, Rindra Vatosoa

Subjects
SMALL intestinal bacterial overgrowth, INTESTINES, SMALL intestine, STUNTED growth, GUT microbiome
Abstract

Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an inflammatory syndrome postulated to contribute to stunted child growth and to be associated with intestinal dysbiosis and nutrient malabsorption. However, the small intestinal contributions to EED remain poorly understood. This study aimed to assess changes in the proximal and distal intestinal microbiota in the context of stunting and EED and to test for a causal role of these bacterial isolates in the underlying pathophysiology. We performed a cross-sectional study in two African countries recruiting roughly 1,000 children aged 2 to 5 years and assessed the microbiota in the stomach, duodenum, and feces. Upper gastrointestinal samples were obtained from stunted children and stratified according to stunting severity. Fecal samples were collected. We then investigated the role of clinical isolates in EED pathophysiology using tissue culture and animal models. We find that small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is extremely common (>80%) in stunted children. SIBO is frequently characterized by an overgrowth of oral bacteria, leading to increased permeability and inflammation and to replacement of classical small intestinal strains. These duodenal bacterial isolates decrease lipid absorption in both cultured enterocytes and mice, providing a mechanism by which they may exacerbate EED and stunting. Further, we find a specific fecal signature associated with the EED markers fecal calprotectin and alpha-antitrypsin. Our study shows a causal implication of ectopic colonization of oral bacterial isolated from the small intestine in nutrient malabsorption and gut leakiness in vitro. These findings have important therapeutic implications for modulating the microbiota through microbiota-targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. Putative Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Disease Fail to Correlate in a Cross-Sectional Study in Two Study Sites in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Author

Vonaesch, Pascale, Winkel, Munir, Kapel, Nathalie, Nestoret, Alison, Barbot-Trystram, Laurence, Pontoizeau, Clément, Barouki, Robert, Rakotondrainipiana, Maheninasy, Kandou, Kaleb, Andriamanantena, Zo, Andrianonimiadana, Lova, Habib, Azimdine, Rodriguez-Pozo, Andre, Hasan, Milena, Vigan-Womas, Inès, Collard, Jean-Marc, Gody, Jean-Chrysostome, Djorie, Serge, Sansonetti, Philippe J., and Randremanana, Rindra Vatosoa

Abstract

Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an elusive, inflammatory syndrome of the small intestine thought to be associated with enterocyte loss and gut leakiness and lead to stunted child growth. To date, the gold standard for diagnosis is small intestine biopsy followed by histology. Several putative biomarkers for EED have been proposed and are widely used in the field. Here, we assessed in a cross-sectional study of children aged 2–5 years for a large set of biomarkers including markers of protein exudation (duodenal and fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT)), inflammation (duodenal and fecal calprotectin, duodenal, fecal and blood immunoglobulins, blood cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP)), gut permeability (endocab, lactulose-mannitol ratio), enterocyte mass (citrulline) and general nutritional status (branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), insulin-like growth factor) in a group of 804 children in two Sub-Saharan countries. We correlated these markers with each other and with anemia in stunted and non-stunted children. AAT and calprotectin, CRP and citrulline and citrulline and BCAA correlated with each other. Furthermore, BCAA, citrulline, ferritin, fecal calprotectin and CRP levels were correlated with hemoglobin levels. Our results show that while several of the biomarkers are associated with anemia, there is little correlation between the different biomarkers. Better biomarkers and a better definition of EED are thus urgently needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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38. Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells Shape a Transmissible Gut Microbiota that Protects from Metabolic Diseases

Author

Lécuyer, Emelyne, primary, Roy, Tiphaine Le, primary, Gestin, Aurélie, primary, Lacombe, Amélie, primary, Philippe, Catherine, primary, Ponnaiah, Maharajah, primary, Huré, Jean-Baptiste, primary, Fradet, Magali, primary, Ichou, Farid, primary, Boudebbouze, Samira, primary, Huby, Thierry, primary, Gautier, Emmanuel, primary, Rhimi, Moez, primary, Maguin, Emmanuelle, primary, Kapel, Nathalie, primary, Gérard, Philippe, primary, Venteclef, Nicolas, primary, Garlatti, Michèle, primary, Chassaing, Benoit, primary, and Lesnik, Philippe, primary

Published
2021
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41. Conséquences du bypass gastrique à une anastomose sur la muqueuse oeso-gastrique dans un modèle préclinique murin

Author

Siebert, Matthieu, Ribeiro-Parenti, Lara, Nguyen, Nicholas, Hourseau, Muriel, Duchêne, Belinda, Humbert, Lydie, Jonckheere, Nicolas, Nuel, Grégory, Chevallier, Jean-Marc, Duboc, Henri, Rainteau, Dominique, Msika, Simon, Kapel, Nathalie, Couvelard, Anne, Bado, André, Le Gall, Maude, Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine (UGA UFRM), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service d'Anatomopathologie [Bichat - Claude Bernard], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog (ex-JPARC)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Center for Computational Imaging and Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine (CISTIB), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistiques et Modélisations (LPSM (UMR_8001)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), CHU Louis Mourrier, Microorganismes, Molécules Bioactives et Physiopathologie Intestinale (LBM-E4), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Ecosystème intestinal, probiotiques, antibiotiques (EA 4065), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Beaujon [AP-HP], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172 (LilNCog), and Laboratoire de Probabilités, Statistique et Modélisation (LPSM (UMR_8001))

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.AHA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

44. Additional file 12 of Immunoglobulin recognition of fecal bacteria in stunted and non-stunted children: findings from the Afribiota study

Author

Huus, Kelsey E., Rodriguez-Pozo, André, Kapel, Nathalie, Nestoret, Alison, Azimdine Habib, Dede, Michel, Amee Manges, Jean-Marc Collard, Sansonetti, Philippe J., Vonaesch, Pascale, and Finlay, B. Brett

Abstract

Additional file 12: Table S3. Batch-associated taxa. Taxa which correlate significantly with flow cytometry sorting batch (sort) or 16S rDNA sequencing batch (seq). Batch (es) indicates which type of batch the taxon was significant in, according to Wilcoxon Rank Sum test with an FDR-corrected p < 0.05. Taxa in bold were also significantly untargeted by IgA

Published
2020
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45. Additional file 6 of Immunoglobulin recognition of fecal bacteria in stunted and non-stunted children: findings from the Afribiota study

Author

Huus, Kelsey E., Rodriguez-Pozo, André, Kapel, Nathalie, Nestoret, Alison, Azimdine Habib, Dede, Michel, Amee Manges, Jean-Marc Collard, Sansonetti, Philippe J., Vonaesch, Pascale, and Finlay, B. Brett

Abstract

Additional file 6: Fig. S6 Abundance and IgA Index correlations in main targeted taxa. (A) Correlation between IgA-targeting and unsorted relative abundance at genus level. The most- and least-targeted taxa, as defined by median IgA Index in Fig. 2 and Table S1, are shown. Color represents Spearman’s rho. A star (*) represents significant correlation at FDR-corrected p < 0.05. (B–C) IgA Index of Haemophilus and Campylobacter by stunting status in Madagascar (Mada) and Central African Republic (CAR). (D–E) IgA Index of Haemophilus and Campylobacter by sequencing batch. Statistical significance determined by Wilcoxon Rank Sum test (B–E). N = 138 total; N = 78 in Madagascar and N = 60 in CAR; N = 53 in Batch 1 and N = 85 in Batch 2

Published
2020
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46. Additional file 7 of Immunoglobulin recognition of fecal bacteria in stunted and non-stunted children: findings from the Afribiota study

Author

Huus, Kelsey E., Rodriguez-Pozo, André, Kapel, Nathalie, Nestoret, Alison, Azimdine Habib, Dede, Michel, Amee Manges, Jean-Marc Collard, Sansonetti, Philippe J., Vonaesch, Pascale, and Finlay, B. Brett

Subjects
fluids and secretions
Abstract

Additional file 7: Fig. S7 IgA-targeting of Haemophilus and Campylobacter does not correlate with inflammatory markers. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (A, D), fecal calprotectin (B, E) and fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) (C, F) by the IgA Index of Haemophilus (A–C) and Campylobacter (D–F). Statistical significance was determined by Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test (A, D) or Spearman’s correlation (B,C,E,F). “High” CRP was defined as > 10 mg/l. N = 138

Published
2020
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47. Three Candidate Probiotic Strains Impact Gut Microbiota and Induce Anergy in Mice with Cow's Milk Allergy Downloaded from

Author

Esber, Nathalie, Mauras, Aurélie, Delannoy, Johanne, Labellie, Chantal, Mayeur, Camille, Caillaud, Marie-Aurore, Kashima, Toma, Souchaud, Landry, Nicolis, Ioannis, Kapel, Nathalie, Waligora-Dupriet, Anne-Judith, Physiopathologie et pharmacotoxicologie placentaire humaine : Microbiote pré & post natal (3PHM - UMR-S 1139), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de biomathématiques, EA 7537 [Paris] (BioSTM), Université de Paris - UFR Pharmacie [Santé] (UP UFR Pharmacie), Université de Paris (UP)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire de Coprologie Fonctionnelle [Pitié-Salpêtrière], Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Paris DescartesUniversity and PiLeJe Larena Health Group, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris Cité - UFR Pharmacie [Santé] (UPCité UFR Pharmacie), and Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], food allergy, gut microbiota, probiotics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], cow’s milk allergy, food and beverages, dendritic cells, anergy, murine model
Abstract

International audience; Cow's milk allergy is a worldwide public health issue, especially since there is no effective treatment, apart from milk and dairy product avoidance. The aim of this study was to assess the beneficial role of three probiotic strains previously selected for their prophylactic properties in a mouse model of β-lactoglobulin allergy. Administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LA305, L. salivarius LA307, or Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis LA308 for 3 weeks post-sensitization and challenge modified the composition of the gut microbiota, with an increase in the Prevotella NK3B31 group and a decrease in Marvinbryantia, belonging to the Lachnospiraceae family. Although no impact on markers of sensitization was detected, modifications of foxp3, tgfβ, and il10 ileal gene expression, as well as plasma metabolomic alterations in the tryptophan pathway, were observed. Moreover, ex vivo studies showed that all probiotic strains induced significant decreases in cytokine production by β-lactoglobulin-stimulated splenocytes. Taken together, these results suggest that the three probiotic strains tested lead to alterations in immune responses, i.e., induction of a tolerogenic anergy and anti-inflammatory responses. This anergy could be linked to cecal microbiota modifications, although no impact on fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations was detected. Anergy could also be linked to a direct impact of probiotic strains on dendritic cells, since costimulatory molecule expression was decreased following coincubation of these strains with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). To conclude, all three candidate probiotic strains induced strain-specific gut microbiota and metabolic changes, which could potentially be beneficial for general health, as well as anergy, which could contribute to oral tolerance acquisition.IMPORTANCE We showed previously that three probiotic strains, i.e., Lactobacillus rhamnosus LA305, L. salivarius LA307, and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis LA308, exerted different preventive effects in a mouse model of cow's milk allergy. In this study, we evaluated their potential benefits in a curative mouse model of cow's milk allergy. When administered for 3 weeks after the sensitization process and a first allergic reaction, none of the strains modified the levels of sensitization and allergic markers. However, all three strains affected gut bacterium communities and modified immune and inflammatory responses, leading to a tolerogenic profile. Interestingly, all three strains exerted a direct effect on dendritic cells, which are known to play a major role in food sensitization through their potentially tolerogenic properties and anergic responses. Taken together, these data indicate a potentially beneficial role of the probiotic strains tested in this model of cow's milk allergy with regard to tolerance acquisition.

Published
2020

48. Additional file 4 of Immunoglobulin recognition of fecal bacteria in stunted and non-stunted children: findings from the Afribiota study

Author

Huus, Kelsey E., Rodriguez-Pozo, André, Kapel, Nathalie, Nestoret, Alison, Azimdine Habib, Dede, Michel, Amee Manges, Jean-Marc Collard, Sansonetti, Philippe J., Vonaesch, Pascale, and Finlay, B. Brett

Subjects
fluids and secretions
Abstract

Additional file 4: Fig. S4 IgA-bacterial targeting by inflammatory markers. Associations between the percentage of IgA-positive fecal bacteria by flow cytometry (%IgA+) and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (A), fecal alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) (B), and fecal calprotectin (C). N = 188. “High” CRP was defined as > 10 mg/l. Statistical significance was determined by Wilcoxon rank sum test (A) and Spearman’s correlation (B–C)

Published
2020
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49. Additional file 3 of Immunoglobulin recognition of fecal bacteria in stunted and non-stunted children: findings from the Afribiota study

Author

Huus, Kelsey E., Rodriguez-Pozo, André, Kapel, Nathalie, Nestoret, Alison, Azimdine Habib, Dede, Michel, Amee Manges, Jean-Marc Collard, Sansonetti, Philippe J., Vonaesch, Pascale, and Finlay, B. Brett

Abstract

Additional file 3: Fig. S3 IgA-bacterial targeting and stunting, by country and batch. (A–B) The percentage of IgA-positive fecal bacteria by flow cytometry (%IgA+) versus height-for-age z-score (HAZ) (A), and stunting status (B) in the full dataset. (C–D) Trend in stunting status by (C) major sorting batch and (D) daily sorting batch. (E–F) Country effect by (E) major sorting batch and (F) daily sorting batch. (G–H) Total fecal IgA by country (G) and stunting status (H). Mada, Madagascar; CAR, Central African Republic. N = 188 total samples. N = 93 in Madagascar and N = 95 in CAR; N = 91 in Batch 2017 and N = 88 in Batch 2018. An additional N = 9 samples were sorted in a single day in 2019 and are thus included in daily batch effect. Statistical significance was determined by Spearman’s correlation (A) and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test (B, C, E, G, H)

Published
2020
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