Search

Your search keyword '"Kaonga, Oliver"' showing total 16 results
Start Over Author "Kaonga, Oliver"
16 results on '"Kaonga, Oliver"'

1. Essays on the health and welfare impacts of road transport in low- and middle-income countries

Author

Kaonga, Oliver, Griffin, Susan, and Walker, Simon

Abstract

This thesis consists of four essays at the intersection of transport and health with the underlying theme of exploring the effects of road infrastructure and road transport externalities on household health and welfare in low- and middle-income countries. Chapter 2 is a literature review of the pathways through which road transport affects health and methods that are used to estimate these effects. The results reveal extensive inconsistencies regarding aspects of that are health evaluated, methods used, and the values attached to health impacts in both government documents and published literature. Chapter 3 estimates the impact of road traffic injuries on household welfare. The chapter applies a mix of genetic matching and multilevel modelling techniques to isolate effects of Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs) on household health expenditure, non-health consumption expenditure, asset ownership, household indebtedness and labour force participation. Results suggest that RTI affected households incurred significantly higher health expenditure, reduced expenditure on competing basic needs and faced a higher likelihood to borrow at positive interest rates to purchase health services. The fourth chapter analyses the effects of upgrading earthen roads to a paved status on the cost of travel to seek health services, level of health services utilization, incidence of Respiratory Illness (RI), and level of household consumption expenditure. Results suggest that households nearer to a road development project reported higher consumption but were more prone to RIs. The impacts on transportation costs and level of health care utilisation were negligible. Chapter 5 is an economic evaluation of a road decongestion infrastructure project. The objective is first to assess how inclusion of health impact frequently omitted in transport cost benefit analysis (CBA) influences the decision to invest. Secondly, to determine, in a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) framework, whether transport projects such as this one, would represent value for money if solely considered for their potential as interventions to prevent health loss. The analyses demonstrate that decisions to invest may be largely influenced by cross-sector impacts that the evaluator chooses or is able to include in the decision model. The chapter also highlights the significance of consistency in choice of approaches used to value aspects of intervention impacts, especially where the projects are being compared and ranked.

Published
2023

9. Equity in Financing and Distribution of Health Benefits in Zambia : Health Equity and Beneficiary Incidence in Zambia

Author

Chansa, Collins, Workie, Netsanet Walelign, Chitah, Bona, and Kaonga, Oliver

Subjects
BENEFIT INCIDENCE ANALYSIS, PROGRESSIVITY, HEALTH FINANCING STRATEGY, education, HEALTH REFORM, HEALTH EXPENDITURE, health care economics and organizations, SUBSIDY, CATASTROPHIC HEALTH SPENDING
Abstract

The Zambian health care system continues to undergo various reforms. The system has experienced health financing and organizational reforms since 2006. Among the notable and common themes underpinning all the health reforms across the different timelines have been the following: the policy commitment continues to be associated with the desire to ensure that resources and health care services are distributed and provided as close to the household or family as possible; and access to quality and affordable health care services continues to be one of the central themes of the reform process. In this regard, health services are supposed to be generally available, adequate, and of reasonable quality and cost. Given that a number of health financing reforms have been implemented in Zambia over the years, this study provides an updated analysis on the extent to which government expenditures on health provide an effective intervention in redistributing health care resources in an equitable manner. The study looks at the health system holistically and does not look at each of the individual reforms.

Published
2018

15. Myriad of Health Care Financing Reforms in Zambia: Have the Poor Benefited?

Author

Chitah, Bona Mukosha, Chansa, Collins, Kaonga, Oliver, and Workie, Netsanet Walelign

Abstract

AbstractZambia has implemented a number of financing and organizational reforms since the 1990s aimed at increasing efficiency, enhancing equity, and improving health outcomes. This study reviews the distributional impact of these health reforms on enhancing equity at the regional level and for different socioeconomic groups. Data from three nationally representative household surveys were collected, and a benefit incidence analysis was conducted to determine the distributional impact over the period 2010–2015. The results show that distribution of subsidies and utilization of outpatient services at public health facilities in Zambia has consistently been in favor of urban provinces. Further, distribution of health subsidies across the ten provinces in Zambia does not correspond to reported illnesses in each province. The study also shows that utilization of outpatient services at public (hospitals and health centers) and private health facilities is generally in favor of the rich, and utilization of both inpatient and outpatient services at public and private health facilities benefits the rich more than the poor. And although the results show a pro-poor redistribution of benefits across income groups in 2015 compared to 2010 whereby the poorest two income groups received more than a 20% share of benefits in each quintile, the benefits were still lower than their health needs. This is contrary to the richest two income groups whose share of benefits was higher than their health needs in both 2010 and 2015. The study concludes that Zambia has not yet fully attained its long-term health reform vision of “equity of access to quality health care” despite years of successive health reforms. The study calls for the Zambian government to complement strategies on financial risk protection with deliberate supply- and demand-side actions in order to enhance equity. Improvements in long- and short-term planning and regular monitoring and evaluation are critical.

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Demands for intersectoral actions to meet health challenges in east and southern Africa and methods for their evaluation

Author

Ramponi, Francesco, Ssennyonjo, Aloysius, Banda, Stephen, Aliti, Tom, Nkhoma, Dominic, Kaonga, Oliver, Griffin, Susan, Revill, Paul, Kataika, Edward, and Nabyonga-Orem, Juliet

Abstract

Focusing on the East, Central, and Southern African (ECSA) region, this study examines both regional and country-level initiatives aimed at promoting multisectoral collaboration to improve population health, and the methods for their economic evaluation.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results