1. Squalane-based emulsion vaccine delivery system: composition with murabutide activate Th1 response.
- Author
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Kantipakala R, Bonam SR, Vemireddy S, Miryala S, and Halmuthur M SK
- Subjects
- Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine administration & dosage, Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine immunology, Animals, Antigens immunology, Cytokines immunology, Drug Delivery Systems, Emulsions, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate chemistry, Hexoses chemistry, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Ovalbumin administration & dosage, Ovalbumin immunology, Particle Size, Poloxamer chemistry, RAW 264.7 Cells, Squalene chemistry, Surface-Active Agents chemistry, Th1 Cells immunology, Th2 Cells immunology, Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine analogs & derivatives, Adjuvants, Immunologic administration & dosage, Squalene analogs & derivatives, Vaccines administration & dosage
- Abstract
Emulsions play an important role in present-day subunit vaccine delivery. Squalane-based emulsion was formulated using surfactants viz., Pluronic F68, Span 85 along with Murabutide (MB) as immunepotentiator. Particle size and zetapotential of the final optimized emulsion was found to be 134 nm and -13 mV, respectively. The in vitro cellular uptake studies performed using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled ovalbumin (OVA) clearly revealed the rapid uptake of antigen in the presence of emulsion. The in vivo subcutaneous studies involving measurement of OVA-specific IgG antibody titers, Th1/Th2 cytokines were performed and a marked up regulation in IL-2, IL-12 and IFN-γ cytokines indicate Th1 immune response. Results supported that the squalane-based delivery system enhanced the uptake of the antigen by immune cells and elicited humoral as well as cell-mediated immune response in mice. These results indicate the promising application of the new squalane based oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion as capable vaccine delivery system useful for vaccine development.
- Published
- 2019
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