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Your search keyword '"Kantele, Jussi M."' showing total 26 results
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26 results on '"Kantele, Jussi M."'

10. Glutamate decarboxylase-reactive peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with IDDM express gut-specific homing receptor [α.sub.4][β.sub.7]-integrin

Author

Paronen, Johanna, Klemetti, Paula, Kantele, Jussi M., Savilahti, Erkki, Perheentupa, Jaakko, Akerblom, Hans K., and Vaarala, Outi

Subjects
Lymphocytes -- Research -- Analysis, Pancreatic beta cells -- Research -- Analysis, Health, Analysis, Research
Abstract

Migration of lymphocytes to the pancreas is a prerequisite for insulitis in IDDM. Mucosal vascular addressin (MAdCAM-1), involved in the recirculation of lymphocytes to the gut, has been found in the inflamed islets in NOD mice. In humans, triggers of the gut immune system (e.g., early exposure to cow's milk proteins in infancy, exposure to enteroviral infections) have been associated with IDDM. To study the possible link between the gut immune system and IDDM, we tested the expression of the [α.sub.4][β.sub.7]-integrin, a homing receptor for MAdCAM-1, on GAD65-reactive lymphocytes. Using immunomagnetic cell sorting, we depleted the lymphocytes with high expression of [α.sub.4][β.sub.7]-integrin in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell population from IDDM patients and patients with autoimmune polyendocrine disease type 1 (APD-I). The depletion led to a marked decrease (mean 70%) in the cellular response against GAD65 in three of six IDDM patients and in one subject at high risk for IDDM. A decrease of 37% in the GAD response was observed after depletion in the case of one APD-I patient who also had IDDM. Cellular response to tetanus toxoid increased in the majority of patients as well as in three control subjects studied. We demonstrated that a remarkable population of islet cell antigen-reactive lymphocytes express the gut-specific homing receptor, which emphasizes the role of gut immunity in IDDM. The manipulation of the gut immune system is therefore proposed as a tool for modulation of the autoimmunity against pancreatic β-cells in IDDM., In IDDM, autoimmunity against pancreatic insulin-secreting β-cells develops. Enhanced immune response against several autoantigens, including GAD65, have been found in IDDM patients (1). In the pathogenetic process leading to IDDM, [...]

Published
1997

25. Head-to-Head Comparison of Humoral Immune Responses to Vi Capsular Polysaccharide and Salmonella Typhi Ty21a Typhoid Vaccines–A Randomized Trial.

Author

Kantele, Anu, Pakkanen, Sari H., Karttunen, Riitta, and Kantele, Jussi M.

Subjects
IMMUNE response, POLYSACCHARIDES, SALMONELLA, TYPHOID vaccines, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, ANTIGENS, ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, COMPARATIVE studies
Abstract

Background: The two typhoid vaccines, the parenteral Vi capsular polysaccharide and the oral live whole-cell Salmonella Typhi Ty21a vaccine, provide similar levels of protection in field trials. Sharing no antigens, they are thought to confer protection by different mechanisms. This is the first head-to-head study to compare the humoral immune responses to these two vaccines. Methods: 50 age- and gender-matched volunteers were immunized, 25 with the Vi and 25 with the Ty21a vaccine. Circulating plasmablasts reactive with whole-cell Salmonella Typhi or one of the typhoidal antigenic structures, Vi, O-9,12, and H-d antigens, were identified as antibody-secreting cells (ASC) with ELISPOT. Homing receptor (HR) expressions were determined. These results were compared with ASC in four patients with typhoid fever. Antibodies to S. Typhi lipopolysaccharides were assessed in cultures of ALS (antibodies in lymphocyte supernatants) and in serum with ELISA. Results: In 49 out of 50 vaccinees, no typhoid-specific plasmablasts were seen before vaccination. On day 7, response to Vi antigen was mounted in 24/25 volunteers in the Vi, and none in the Ty21a group; response to S. Typhi and O-9,12 was mounted in 49/50 vaccinees; and to H-d in 3/50. The numbers of typhoid-specific plasmablasts (total of ASC to Vi, O-9,12 and H-d antigens) proved equal in the vaccination groups. The HR expressions indicated a mainly systemic homing in the Vi and intestinal in the Ty21a group, the latter resembling that in natural infection. Plasmablasts proved more sensitive than serum and ALS in assessing the immune response. Conclusions: The typhoid-specific humoral responses to Vi and Ty21a vaccines are similar in magnitude, but differ in expected localization and antigen-specificity. The unforeseen O antigen-specific response in the Vi group is probably due to lipopolysaccharide contaminating the vaccine preparation. Only the response to Ty21a vaccine was found to imitate that in natural infection. Trial Registration: Current Controlled Trials Ltd. c/o BioMed Central ISRCTN68125331 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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