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Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the differences in the accuracy of immediate intraoral, immediate extraoral, and delayed dental implant placement with surgical guides (static computer‐aided implant surgery) in patients treated with mandibular reconstruction. Methods: This was a retrospective study. The patients were divided into three groups: immediate intraoral placement (IIO), immediate extraoral placement (IEO), and delayed placement (DEL). Four variables were used to compare the planned and actual implant positions: angular deviation, three‐dimensional (3D) deviation at the entry point of the implant, 3D deviation at the apical point of the implant, and depth deviation. Results: The angular deviation was significantly higher in the IIO group than in the IEO (p <.05) and DEL (p <.05) groups. The 3D deviation at the entry point was significantly higher in the IIO group than in the IEO (p <.05) and DEL (p <.01) groups. The 3D deviation at the apical point was significantly higher in the IIO group than in the IEO (p <.01) and DEL (p <.01) groups. The depth deviation was significantly higher in the IIO group than in the IEO (p <.05) and DEL (p <.05) groups. There was no statistical difference between the IEO and DEL group in angular and 3D deviation. Conclusion: With surgical guides, among the different approaches for implant placement, delayed implant placement remains the most accurate approach for patients treated with mandibular reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Secreted phospholipase A2 Group IB (sPLA2GIB) regulates the release of arachidonic acid, prostaglandins, and other inflammatory lipid mediators. Although it has been well involved in extensive inflammatory diseases, its specific mechanism in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of sPLA2GIB in the pathophysiology of CRSwNP. Methods: Quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence staining, western blotting, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to analyze the expression of sPLA2s, phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R), and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) in nasal samples. Human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) were cultured at an air‐liquid interface (ALI) and stimulated with various cytokines. The human mast cell line HMC‐1 was stimulated with sPLA2GIB, and the expression of PGD2 and cytokines in the culture supernatant was detected by ELISA. Results: The mRNA and protein levels of sPLA2GIB were significantly higher in eosinophilic CRSwNP than in control tissues. sPLA2GIB was predominantly expressed in the nasal epithelial cells. PLA2R mRNA and protein levels were upregulated in both eosinophilic and non‐eosinophilic CRSwNP compared with the control groups. IL‐4, IL‐13, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β upregulated the expression of sPLA2GIB in ALI‐cultured HNECs. sPLA2GIB induced PGD2 and IL‐13 production in HMC‐1 cells in a hydrolytic activity‐independent manner. PGD2 protein expression was elevated in tissue homogenates of eosinophilic CRSwNP, and PGD2 upregulated the expression of IL‐13 in HMC‐1 cells. Conclusion: Increased secretion of sPLA2GIB by epithelial cells may promote eosinophilic inflammation in CRSwNP by enhancing PGD2 and IL‐13 production in mast cells via binding to PLA2R. Level of Evidence: N/A Laryngoscope, 134:1107–1117, 2024 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Microsurgical bone reconstruction is challenging in cases of anterior maxillary defects because of the presence of residual teeth. The study analyzed the method and feasibility of using vascularized bone flaps to reconstruct anterior maxillary defects. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 15 patients treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School, and Hospital of Stomatology between November 2017 and January 2023. Results: A total of 14 patients were successfully reconstructed using the digital technique: 6 deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) flaps and 8 fibular free flaps. Palatal and buccal pedicle paths were used in 4 and 10 cases, respectively, for vascular anastomosis. The implant coverage rates of the DCIA and fibular free flaps were 87.2% and 92.6%, respectively (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Anterior maxillary defects reconstructed with the DCIA and fibular free flaps are reliable methods. Furthermore, the palatal and buccal paths are recommended for vascular anastomosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new furan derivative named 3-(5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl) propanoic acid (1) was isolated for the first time. Its structure was elucidated by UV, IR, NMR, HR-ESI-MS and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction spectroscopic data. Meanwhile, the antifungal and antibacterial activities of compound 1 was tested, it exhibited potent antifungal activity against Fusarium graminearum with MIC value of 16 µg/mL and medium antibacterial activity against Streptococcus lactis with MIC value of 32 µg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]