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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of CT-guided pulsed radiofrequency combined with platelet-rich plasma （PRP） in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia. Methods Sixty patients with postherpetic neuralgia were divided into the pulsed radiofrequency plusglucocorticoid group （glucocorticoid group） and pulsed radiofrequency plus PRP group （PRP group） using the random number table method， with 30 patients in each group. The pain visual analogue score （VAS）， Pittsburgh sleep quality index （PSQI）， the average temperature difference （∆T） between the skin lesion area and the corresponding healthy skin area of all patients in two groups were observed before treatment， 1 d， 2 weeks， 4 weeks and 3 months after treatment， respectively. The incidence of complications was also recorded. Results The VAS score and PSQI at 1 d， 2 weeks， 4 weeks and 3 months after treatment were significantly improved compared to those before treatment in two groups （all P < 0.05）. In addition， the ∆T at 4 weeks and 3 months after treatment were significantly improved than those before treatment in two groups （all P < 0.05）. At 3 months after treatment， the VAS score and PSQI in the PRP group were significantly lower than those in the glucocorticoid group （both P < 0.05）. At 1 day， 2 weeks， 4 weeks and 3 months after treatment， the ∆T in the PRP group were significantly lower than those in the glucocorticoid group （all P < 0.05）. No severe adverse reactions occurred in two groups. Conclusions CT-guided pulsed radiofrequency combined with PRP can effectively treat postherpetic neuralgia， and the therapeutic effect is better than that of traditional pulsed radiofrequency combined with glucocorticoid therapy.

Surface-enhanced spectroscopies, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), fluorescence (SEF), circular dichroism, etc., are powerful tools for investigating nano-entities with high sensitivities. Owing to the giant local electric field confined in a plasmonic nanogap, nanogap-enhanced spectroscopies could detect samples with ultralow concentrations, even down to the single-molecule level for SERS and SEF. This great ability to detect analytes with ultralow concentrations provides opportunities for early diagnosis and monitoring in modern biomedicine. However, local laser excitations would inevitably bring about unwanted disruptive background perturbations, local heating, and the consequent geometry reshaping and biological analyte damages. Remote spectroscopies avoiding direct laser exposure to the samples can be treated as remarkable solutions. Here, we combined the nanoparticle-on-mirror (NPoM) family with the philosophy of remote spectroscopy to construct so-called “NPoM pairs” structures. They consist of two identical NPoMs with matched resonances yet separate functions either as receiving or transmitting antennas. A figure of merit for evaluating the remote spectroscopies was put forward, which accounts for the efficiencies in three processes, i.e., receiving, transporting, and transmitting. In addition, we experimentally demonstrated the performances of these NPoM pairs by proof-of-principle applications on the remote SERS and SEF. The optical access of the spectral information in these NPoM pairs both locally and remotely manifests themselves as fundamental building blocks for remote spectroscopies.

The control of hot electron (HE) and thermal effects induced by plasmonic nanostructures has recently attracted considerable attention. When illuminated by light with different circular polarization states, the circular dichroism signal of molecules adsorbed by plasmonic chiral nanostructures can control HE and thermal effects. These effects have the potential to enhance reaction rates and to change selectivity patterns in photothermal catalysis. Here, we propose an aluminum L-shaped chiral nanostructure system in which HE and thermal effects can be controlled in different regions of the nanostructure by changing the chirality of the excitation light. A large difference of 12.75% in the HE effect but a virtually identical thermal effect can be achieved in different regions of the nanostructure by selecting the appropriate probed region, while a large thermal effect difference of 65.67% but a virtually identical HE effect can be achieved in one region of the nanostructure by changing the polarization state of the excitation light. In addition, the HE and thermal chiral selectivity effects of double L-shaped nanostructures are investigated as these structures can be more easily controlled during asymmetric chiral growth and crystallization. This work combined with plasmonic chirality is beneficial for quantifying HE and thermal effects in photochemical reactions and provides theoretical support for designing catalysts and optimizing plasmonic platforms. Additionally, the local controllability of HE and thermal effects plays an essential role in high-resolution photochemical reactions, especially in single-molecule photochemical reactions.

The combination of 2D materials and surface plasmon can produce some novel optical phenomena that have attracted much attention. Illuminated by light with different polarization states, the field distribution around the plasmonic structure can control the light-matter interaction. The interaction between graphene and light can be strongly enhanced by employing radially polarized beams in a nanocavity. Here, we study the selectively enhanced vibration of graphene in a coupled plasmonic gold nanocavity with a radially polarized optical field, and the coupling and enhancing mechanisms are investigated both experimentally and numerically. By focusing a radially polarized beam, a high z component of a localized near field in the nanocavity is provided to strongly enhance the interaction between graphene and light, which can be used to enhance the vibrational signal of the interlayer. For the in-plane vibration of graphene, a similar enhancement is obtained with a linearly and radially polarized optical field. A plasmonic nanocavity is used to enhance the vibration of graphene, which provides potential applications in studying the out-of-plane vibration mode and exploring the mechanism of the interlayer coupling of 2D materials.

With soil carbon cycle compartment model,this paper studied the carbon storage and flux of each carbon compartment of soil under Pinus tabulaeformis, a main forest type in the Huoditang forest region of Qinling Mountain. The results showed that the storage of soil organic carbon was 146.071 t x hm(-2), with 130.366 t x hm(-2) in mineral soil layer and 12.626 t x hm(-2) in litter layer. The storage was lower than the average value of forest soils in China and of oak Sharptooth forest soil in Huoditang, but higher than that of the soils under temperate coniferous forest and tropical forest. The annual carbon input into litter layer was 5.939 t x hm(-2), with 56.9% from above-ground litter and 43.1% from underground dead roots, while that into mineral soil layer via humic acid was 2. 034 t x hm(-2). The annual amount of carbon released from the respiration of P. zabulaeformis forest-soil system was 14. 012 t x hm(-2), with litter layer, mineral soil layer, dead root system, and live root system occupied 15.7%, 14.5%, 11.7% and 58.1%, respectively.