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Objectives: The present study was targeted to observe the impact of neuropsychological rehabilitation on activities of daily living (ADL) and community reintegration of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Settings and Participants: Based on purposive sampling technique, ten patients with TBI falling in the age range of 20–40 years and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were chosen from All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysuru, India. Design: A quasi-experimental design, i.e., nonequivalent control group design was chosen for the study. Materials and Methods: Patients were assessed on Luria–Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery for Adults, Cognitive Symptoms Checklist, and Community Integration Questionnaire. Patients in experimental group were given neuropsychological rehabilitation for 6 months. Brainwave-R and Talking Pen were used as rehabilitative tools. Results: Patients with TBI have significant neuropsychological deficits observed in memory, visuo-spatial organization, arithmetic, spelling, writing, fine motor coordination, and executive functioning. Neuropsychological deficits have a major impact on ADL and community reintegration. Neuropsychological rehabilitation is effective in rehabilitating neuropsychological deficits, which in turn leads to improvement in ADL and community reintegration. Conclusion: Neuropsychological rehabilitation should be one of the major goals in rehabilitation procedures for patients with TBI in order to bring overall improvement in them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation was undertaken to analyze the effect of four different metal nanoparticles (ZnO, SiO2, Fe2O3 and MgO) on the growth of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) plants. Agar overlay method using seedling nutrient medium containing 50 and 100 mg l1 of each of the nanoparticles (NPs) was used for the study undertaken for 28 days. A concentration-dependent increase in fresh weight and carotenoid concentration was recorded in MgO NPs. ZnO NPs showed the highest enhancement in leaf peroxidase activity over control. Heavy metal analysis by ICP-MS of seedlings at both concentrations of NPs for 28 days showed a twofold increase at the higher concentrations with ZnO and Fe2O3 NPs. Visual and SEM observations of the MgO NP-treated roots revealed an increase in density and fibrosity, with unique globular structures on the surface of the roots. MgO nanoparticles-mung bean interaction can be a model system for investigating beneficial interactions of nanoparticles with plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) have a wide range of neuropsychological deficits including attention, memory, and executive functioning. The study was targeted to use a neuropsychological approach in remediating attention and fine motor training or the incoordination of children with ADHD- Inattentive type (IA). Material/Methods: A total of 20 primary school children fulfilling the criteria of ADHD- IA type were selected from different schools in Mysuru, India. Neuropsychological deficits were assessed using appropriate tools. Children in the experimental group were given attention and fine motor training for 3 months. A post test was conducted after 3 months training. The maintenance effect of therapy was studied until the completion of 1 year. Results: Results revealed that attention fine motor training was effective in improving focused and selective attention, working memory, new learning ability, visual fluency and fine motor training incoordination. Conclusions: It can be concluded that a neuropsychological rehabilitation is effective in remediating the deficits faced by children with ADHD-IA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The suppressive effects of microbial inoculants on cotton seedling mortality were assessed in Rhizoctonia solani-infested soil. Per cent mortality ranged from 16 to 32 (60-120 days after sowing, DAS) and significant differences were recorded at 120 DAS, especially after drenching with compost tea of Azotobacter sp. and Anabaena torulosa-Trichoderma viride-biofilmed formulations. The activity of hydrolytic enzymes was reduced in diseased root tissues due to a majority of the microbially inoculated treatments, compared with healthy root tissues. Per cent changes in the amounts of glomalin-related soil proteins ( GRSPs) were 2 to 85% greater than those of the uninoculated experimental controls. These microbial inoculants altered the rhizosphere bacterial communities as evident from the Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( DGGE) banding patterns and, also reduced the population of R. solani. While the copy numbers of the internal transcribed spacer ( ITS) gene of R. solani in the uninoculated (infested soil) were approximately 1.47 × 1011 per g soil, they were 1.34-1.42 × 105 per g soil after the application of A. torulosa, Anabaena laxa and A. torulosa-Bacillus sp. Increases in yield (ranging from 3 to 23%) due to various microbial inoculants relative to uninoculated controls illustrated their promise as plant growth-promoting and disease-suppressing agents. This study illustrates the modulation of rhizosphere ecology through microbial inoculants as a mechanism of disease suppression and sustaining plant growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Projective analytic theory is based on the assumption that deep and often unconscious feelings and motives may be accessed through various means of self expression. The drawing of human figure was seen by Machover as an ideal vehicle for self expression. Various studies reveal the indicators suggestive of various clinical groups, but there is scarcity of studies revealing the profile of normal Indian people. The present study was conducted to prepare a profile of normal Indian people on Human Figure Drawing Test. After screening through GHQ-5, 250 normal participants in the age group of 20 to 40 years with minimum education of 10 years were selected from selected districts of three states of India. Participants were instructed to draw a male and a female human figure on a blank piece of paper. The figures were analyzed on the basis of specific features such as line quality, placement of figure, position of hands and legs, quality of hairs, pattern of clothes etc. The results reveal that most of the drawings were placed on the top. It had heavy or reinforced line. Figures were sophisticated. Hairs were appropriately groomed with clear indication of waist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Projective analytic theory is based on the assumption that deep and often unconscious feelings and motives may be assessed through various means of self expression (Machover, 1949). The drawing of a human figure was seen as an ideal vehicle for self expression. The present study was designed to use it as means of self expression and compare the pattern of responses of male and female schizophrenic patient. The sample comprised of 50 males and 50 females schizophrenic patients and 50 normal subjects. The mean, SD and t-test was computed to compare cognitive level between normal and schizophrenics: and male and female schizophrenic patients. The result revealed that schizophrenic group had significant level of cognitive impairment in comparison to normal control but there was no significant difference in level of cognitive impairment between male and female patients. The chi-square was also computed to compare the drawing patterns of male and female schizophrenic patients and the results indicated significant difference in their personality patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]