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The incidence of breast cancer and, therefore, the need for breast reconstruction are expected to increase. The many reconstructive options available and the changing aspects of the field make this a complex area of plastic surgery, requiring knowledge and expertise. Two major types of breast reconstruction can be distinguished: breast implants and autologous flaps. Both present advantages and disadvantages. Autologous fat grafting is also commonly used. MRI is the modality of choice for evaluating breast reconstruction. Knowledge of the type of reconstruction is preferable to provide the maximum amount of pertinent information and avoid false positives. Early complications include seroma, hematoma, and infection. Late complications depend on the type of reconstruction. Implant rupture and implant capsular contracture are frequently encountered. Depending on the implant type, specific MRI signs can be depicted. In the case of myocutaneous flap, fat necrosis, fibrosis, and vascular compromise represent the most common complications. Late cancer recurrence is much less common. Rarely reported late complications include breast-implant-associated large cell anaplastic lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) and, recently described and even rarer, breast-implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma (BIA-SCC). In this review article, the various types of breast reconstruction will be presented, with emphasis on pertinent imaging findings and complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last decades, due to the systematic mammographic screening control, the incidence of DCIS has impressively increased and it consists almost 20% of breast carcinomas. A number of pathologic features have been identified which are useful for classification of ductal in situ carcinoma (DCIS) and better understanding of its pathogenesis and biological behavior. Recent advances in the diagnosis of DCIS include magnetic resonance imaging as an adjunct to mammography, which remains the gold standard for DCIS detection. The optimal management of DCIS remains an issue of controversy. Mastectomy that was practiced for long has been replaced in most cases by breast conserving-surgery with or without radiotherapy; radiotherapy significantly reduces local recurrence. Axillary lymph node dissection is generally not recommended. Tamoxifen appears to reduce the risk of local recurrence and should be considered in the management of selected patients with DCIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women worldwide. The incidence and mortality rates of the disease have increased the past few years, especially in richer countries that have adopted the mammographic screening control. Mastectomy and breast conserving therapy with radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy consist the current therapeutic approach for breast cancer. Follow-up of patients with breast cancer is an issue of great importance in order to estimate the presence of residual tumor in the site of lumpectomy, estimate the presence of recurrence and also assess the outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been introduced the past few decades as a modality for breast imaging. MRI has been established as an accurate method for the follow-up of patients treated for breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]