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Lv Y, Kan J, Luo M, et al. Int J Nanomedicine. 2022;17:4619-4638. The equal contribution statement was missing from the author list on page 4619. The correct author and affiliation list is as follows: Yijie Lv1,*, Junnan Kan1,*, Mingfang Luo2, Changfeng Yang1, Xunrong Luo2, Xiaoqian Lin1, Hao Li1, Xueming Li1, Yuping Li1, Caixia Yang1, Yan Liu1, Xianglin Li1 1School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of China *These authors contributed equally to this work The authors apologize for this error.

Yijie Lv,1 Junnan Kan,1 Mingfang Luo,2 Changfeng Yang,1 Xunrong Luo,2 Xiaoqian Lin,1 Hao Li,1 Xueming Li,1 Yuping Li,1 Caixia Yang,1 Yan Liu,1 Xianglin Li1 1School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yan Liu; Xianglin Li, School of Medical Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 535 6919135 ; +86 535 6919175, Email liuericyan@hotmail.com; xlli@bzmc.edu.cnIntroduction: Accurate tumor diagnosis is essential to achieve the ideal therapeutic effect. However, it is difficult to accurately diagnose cancer using a single imaging method because of the technical limitations. Multimodal imaging plays an increasingly important role in tumor treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has received widespread attention in tumor treatment due to its high specificity and controllable photocytotoxicity. Nevertheless, PDT is susceptible to tumor microenvironment (TME) hypoxia, which greatly reduces the therapeutic effect of tumor treatment.Methods: In this study, a novel multifunctional nano-snowflake probe (USPIO@MnO2@Ce6, UMC) for oxygen-enhanced photodynamic therapy was developed. We have fabricated the honeycomb-like MnO2 to co-load chlorin e6 (Ce6, a photosensitizer) and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO, T1-T2 double contrast agent). Under the high H2O2 level of tumor cells, UMC efficiently degraded and triggered the exposure of photosensitizers to the generated oxygen, accelerating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during PDT. Moreover, the resulting USPIO and Mn2+ allow for MR T1-T2 imaging and transformable PAI for multimodal imaging-guided tumor therapy.Results: TEM and UV-vis spectroscopy results showed that nano-snowflake probe (UMC) was successfully synthesized, and the degradation of UMC was due to the pH/ H2O2 responsive properties. In vitro results indicated good uptake of UMC in 4T-1 cells, with maximal accumulation at 4 h. In vitro and in vivo experimental results showed their imaging capability for both T1-T2 MR and PA imaging, providing the potential for multimodal imaging-guided tumor therapy. Compared to the free Ce6, UMC exhibited enhanced treatment efficiency due to the production of O2 with the assistance of 660 nm laser irradiation. In vivo experiments confirmed that UMC achieved oxygenated PDT under MR/PA imaging guidance in tumor-bearing mice and significantly inhibited tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice, exhibiting good biocompatibility and minimal side effects.Conclusion: The multimodal imaging contrast agent (UMC) not only can be used for MR and PA imaging but also has oxygen-enhanced PDT capabilities. These results suggest that UMC may have a good potential for further clinical application in the future.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: photodynamic therapy, oxygen generation, magnetic resonance imaging, photoacoustic imaging, theranostics, nanoprobe

Water column removal in streams is a nitrogen (N) cycling pathway that has been historically overlooked. Studies filling this knowledge gap have focused on the role of water column N removal in mid‐to‐large‐order rivers with consistently high suspended sediment concentrations. However, smaller streams may provide comparable suspended sediment concentrations during and after storm events, creating favorable conditions for water column N removal. To assess the presence, magnitude, and control of water column N removal during storms in low‐order watersheds, we measured water column denitrification and heterotrophic assimilatory N uptake rates at three locations in a Mid‐Atlantic watershed during five storm events of different magnitude, sediment loads, and nutrient availability. We found large variations in water column denitrification (0–5.56 mg N g−1 d−1) and assimilatory uptake (0.003–1.67 mg N g−1 d−1). Higher rates of N removal occurred during flow recession, with a correlation between suspended sediment organic matter content and denitrification. On average, denitrification rates in the water column were higher when flashy responses to storm events occurred. In contrast to denitrification, water column N removal rates (as both denitrification and heterotrophic assimilation) during storm events were comparable to those measured at baseflow in larger rivers. However, water column denitrification could only account for less than 10% of potential reach‐scale N removal during most of the storm events. Our findings provide insight into the ecological relevance of small stream water columns and suggest that more research is needed to understand the magnitude of stream water column processing on watershed‐scale N removal. Plain Language Summary: In freshwater ecosystems, microorganisms facilitate the transfer of nutrients from the surrounding environment to other organisms. Through a process known as nitrogen removal, microbes capture and modify nitrogen—an essential element for life—into forms that other organisms can use. In streams, microbes that perform nitrogen removal can live on the streambed, or on the surface of small sediment particles suspended in the water column. During storms, the amount of suspended particles in a stream increases dramatically, potentially providing more surface area where nitrogen removal can occur. Our study measured how much nitrogen removal takes place in the water column of streams during storms. We also determined whether other environmental factors influence the rates of removal. We found that higher rates of nitrogen removal occur after the peak of a storm, when the stream water level is decreasing. Additionally, we found that the rate of nitrogen removal increases with the amount of organic matter present in the suspended sediment. Overall, the rates of uptake we measured were comparable to those observed in much larger rivers, suggesting that nitrogen uptake in the water column during storms may be an important but overlooked component of the nitrogen cycle in small streams. Key Points: More flashy storms showed higher rates of water column denitrificationWater column removal rates were higher during flow recession than during rising flowsDenitrification was positively related to organic matter content in suspended sediment, whereas N uptake decreased with suspended chlorophyll [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alignment, longitudinal growth, and function of the musculoskeletal unit of the pediatric hand is complex due to the combination of open growth plates, ossification variations, and their relationship with finger tendinous and ligamentous attachments. This review presents the basics of normal development, acquired and congenital variations, and traumatic conditions of the pediatric hand from the perspective of the pediatric musculoskeletal radiologist and hand surgeon. This multimodality imaging article focuses on non-oncologic and non-rheumatologic conditions of the pediatric hand, inclusive of fingers, thumb, and metacarpal bones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In adults with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, bone bruises on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans provide insight into the underlying mechanism of injury. There is a paucity of literature that has investigated these relationships in children with ACL tears. Purpose: To examine and compare the number and location of bone bruises between contact and noncontact ACL tears in pediatric patients. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Boys ≤14 years and girls ≤12 years of age who underwent primary ACL reconstruction surgery between 2018 and 2022 were identified at 3 separate institutions. Eligibility criteria required detailed documentation of the mechanism of injury and MRI performed within 30 days of the initial ACL tear. Patients with congenital lower extremity abnormalities, concomitant fractures, injuries to the posterolateral corner and/or posterior cruciate ligament, previous ipsilateral knee injuries or surgeries, or closed physes evident on MRI scans were excluded. Patients were stratified into 2 groups based on a contact or noncontact mechanism of injury. Preoperative MRI scans were retrospectively reviewed for the presence of bone bruises in the coronal and sagittal planes using fat-suppressed T2-weighted images and a grid-based mapping technique of the tibiofemoral joint. Results: A total of 109 patients were included, with 76 (69.7%) patients sustaining noncontact injuries and 33 (30.3%) patients sustaining contact injuries. There were no significant differences between the contact and noncontact groups in terms of age (11.8 ± 2.0 vs 12.4 ± 1.3 years; P =.12), male sex (90.9% vs 88.2%; P >.99), time from initial injury to MRI (10.3 ± 8.1 vs 10.4 ± 8.9 days; P =.84), the presence of a concomitant medial meniscus tear (18.2% vs 14.5%; P =.62) or lateral meniscus tear (69.7% vs 52.6%; P =.097), and sport-related injuries (82.9% vs 81.8%; P =.89). No significant differences were observed in the frequency of combined lateral tibiofemoral (lateral femoral condyle + lateral tibial plateau) bone bruises (87.9% contact vs 78.9% noncontact; P =.41) or combined medial tibiofemoral (medial femoral condyle [MFC] + medial tibial plateau) bone bruises (54.5% contact vs 35.5% noncontact; P =.064). Patients with contact ACL tears were significantly more likely to have centrally located MFC bruising (odds ratio, 4.3; 95% CI, 1.6-11; P =.0038) and less likely to have bruising on the anterior aspect of the lateral tibial plateau (odds ratio, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.097-0.76; P =.013). Conclusion: Children with contact ACL tears were 4 times more likely to present with centrally located MFC bone bruises on preoperative MRI scans compared with children who sustained noncontact ACL tears. Future studies should investigate the relationship between these bone bruise patterns and the potential risk of articular cartilage damage in pediatric patients with contact ACL tears. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jun-jie Zhang,1,2,* Xiao-fei Gao,1,* Zhen Ge,1,2 Xiao-Min Jiang,1 Ping-xi Xiao,1,2 Nai-liang Tian,1,2 Jing Kan,2 Chi-Hang Lee,3 Shao-Liang Chen1,2 1Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 2Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Heart Center, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Center, Singapore *These authors contributed equally to this work Background: There is a paucity of evidence regarding the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary artery disease. We sought to investigate whether OSA affects the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing PCI.Patients and methods: All enrolled individuals treated with PCI were evaluated for OSA by polysomnography. The primary end point was defined as major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) at 2 years, including cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), and/or target vessel revascularization.Results: A total of 340 consecutive patients undergoing PCI were assigned to the OSA (n=152, apnea–hypopnea index ≥15) and non-OSA (n=188, apnea–hypopnea index

Anastasia Jesika,1 Zuo-Ying Hu,2 Jing Kan,3 Shao-Liang Chen2 1Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 3Nanjing Heart Center, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China Objective: The present study aims to clarify the long-term clinical importance of interleukin (IL)-6 in predicting major adverse cardiac events (MACE) for an entire cohort of patients with coronary artery disease after implantation of a drug-eluting stent (DES), and its interplay with periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI). Background: The correlation of proinflammatory biomarkers with occurrence of clinical events, including PMI and mortality, is controversial. Methods: IL-6 was measured in 1,991 patients at admission. The participants were then assigned to two groups: IL-6 level ≥9 pg/mL and IL-6 level