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BackgroundSocial cognition helps people to understand their own and others' behavior and to modulate the way of thinking and acting in different social situations. Rapid and accurate diagnoses of neurodegenerative diseases are essential, as social cognition is affected by these diseases. The Revised Self-Monitoring Scale (RSMS) is a scale that detects social-emotional cognition deficits.AimThe aim of the current study is to examine how socioemotional parameters are affected by neurodegenerative diseases and whether the RSMS can discern these disorders based on the socioemotional parameters in the Greek population.Methods/designA total of 331 dementia subjects were included. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (Revised, ACE-R) measurements were used in order to assess the cognitive deficits. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) was used for the evaluation of the neuropsychiatric symptoms. The RSMS and its two subscales was used in order to detect the socioemotional deficits.ResultsThe RSMS and its two subscales (RSMS_EX and RSMS_SP) can effectively detect neurodegenerative diseases. The RSMS can detect bvFTD in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), AD in a healthy cohort, behavioral variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD) in a healthy cohort, bvFTD in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Frontotemporal Semantic Dementia (FTD/SD) in a healthy cohort. It is a useful tool in order to detect frontotemporal dementias. RSMS correlated negatively with the NPI questionnaire total and the subcategories of apathy, disinhibition and eating disorders. The RSMS results are associated with the ACE-R score (specifically verbal fluency).ConclusionsThe RSMS is a helpful tool in order to identify socioemotional deficits in neurodegenerative dementias. It is also a useful scale that can discern bvFTD and svPPA in AD patients. A worse RSMS score correlates with a worse ACE-R and NPI. It seems to be a useful scale that can reliably measure social behavior in non-reversible neurodegenerative disorders, such as AD, FTD (bvFTD, svPPA), PDD and PD. The results also apply to the Greek population.

ObjectiveA rare variant in TREM2 (p.R47H, rs75932628) has been consistently reported to increase the risk for Alzheimer disease (AD), while mixed evidence has been reported for association of the variant with other neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated the frequency of the R47H variant in a diverse and well-characterized multicenter neurodegenerative disease cohort.MethodsWe examined the frequency of the R47H variant in a diverse neurodegenerative disease cohort, including a total of 3058 patients clinically diagnosed with AD, frontotemporal dementia spectrum syndromes, mild cognitive impairment, progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome, corticobasal syndrome, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and 5089 control subjects.ResultsWe observed a significant association between the R47H variant and AD, while no association was observed with any other neurodegenerative disease included in this study.ConclusionsOur results support the consensus that the R47H variant is significantly associated with AD. However, we did not find evidence for association of the R47H variant with other neurodegenerative diseases.

To explore differences of apathy perfusion correlates between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) using perfusion SPECT. We studied 75 FTD and 66 AD patients. We evaluated apathy using Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). We compared perfusion of BAs on left (L) and right (R) hemisphere in AD and FTD. Apathy in AD was significantly and negatively correlated with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex bilaterally, right anterior prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal cortex bilaterally, especially on the right, orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus bilaterally, left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, right primary and secondary visual cortex, and with bilateral anterior and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal cortex and orbital part of inferior frontal gyrus, bilaterally, bilateral anterior -ventral and dorsal- cingulate cortex, left posterior ventral cingulate cortex, right inferior, middle and anterior temporal gyri, entorhinal and parahippocampal cortex in FTD. Significant overlapping of apathy perfusion correlates between AD and FTD is seen in frontal areas and anterior cingulate. Right occipital cortex is also involved in AD, while right temporal cortex and left posterior cingulate are involved in FTD. Nuclear imaging could be a useful biomarker for revealing apathy underlying mechanisms, resulting in directed treatments. Underlying neural networks and clinical manifestation of apathy may differ between AD and FTD. Apathy in AD is correlated with hypoperfusion in bilateral frontal areas, more prominent on the right, left anterior cingulate and right occipital cortex. Apathy in FTD is correlated with hypoperfusion in bilateral frontal areas, bilateral anterior cingulate, left posterior cingulate and right temporal cortex. Brain perfusion SPECT with automated BAs analysis and comparison with normal healthy subjects may provide significant information for apathy mechanisms in neurodegenerative disorders, affecting patients' treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) was first detected in Mainland China in December 2019, and soon it spread throughout the world, with multiple physical and psychological consequences across the affected populations. Aims: The aim of the current study was to analyze the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/dementia and their caregivers as well. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and four caregivers took part in the study, completing a self‐reported questionnaire about the person with MCI/dementia and their own, since the lockdown period which started in February and ended in May of 2020 in Greece. Results: Results indicated a significant overall decline of the people with MCI/dementia. Further, the domains in which people with MCI/dementia were mostly affected were: communication, mood, movement and compliance with the new measures. Caregivers also reported a great increase in their psychological and physical burden during this period, where the available support sources were limited. Discussion: The pandemic threatens to disrupt the basic routines that promote mental and physical health of both people with MCI/dementia and t heir caregivers. Conclusion: Further measures to protect and provide support to people who suffer and their families are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]