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Source at http://jifro.ir/index.php?slc_lang=en&sid=1. The present study examines the fisheries governance status of small-scale capture fisheries in the northern Persian Gulf. Qeshm Island, which is selected as case study, plays a prominent role in fisheries in the Persian Gulf and territorial waters of the country. The research methodology included in-depth and semi-structured interviews with heads of fisheries cooperatives and fishers to deepen our understanding of the cultural and technical characteristics of local fisheries communities. Subsequently, data was drawn from 322 questionnaires, using a random sampling technique. The analyses indicate that fisheries co-management is at an interstitial situation, while the fishers are willing to cooperate with the government. A finding is also showed that literacy has a significant effect on fishers’ willingness to cooperate with government. There was also a considerable conflict of interest among the fisheries communities in the study area, which makes the implementation of rules difficult. Small-scale fishing communities are generally in a hard-pressed situation, which affects how fishers operate. Our study aims to contribute to improving the governance and governability of small-scale capture fisheries in the region.

O presente texto traz a seguinte questão como discussão central: “O que é etnomatemática?” A partir dela, são apresentados diferentes entendimentos para o termo, bem como as possibilidades que surgem a partir desses entendimentos. As reflexões aqui apresentadas foram resultantes de uma pesquisa de doutorado desenvolvida junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Considerada neste texto como um programa de pesquisa que busca uma compreensão sobre as ticas de matema em distintos etnos, o entendimento que se apresenta para a etnomatemática é sustentado por uma concepção de conhecimento que constrói sua existência nas fronteiras e que dialoga com os discursos pós-modernos da sociedade contemporânea.

Monthly length frequency data of banana shrimp, Penaeus merguiensis were collected from the coastal waters of the north east of the Persian Gulf, from January 2012 to January 2013. Software package FiSAT was used to analyze the length frequency data. Growth parameters, mortalities, exploitation rate and recruitment pattern were estimated from the carapace length in the area. Based on length – weight relationships, the estimated parameter a was 0.0015 for males and females and b was 2.8015 for males and 2.7852 for females. The estimated growth parameters: L∞=39.5 mm, K=1.8 year^−1 and t0=-0.08 year^−1 for males and L∞=50 mm, K=1.5 year^−1 and t0=-0.09 year^−1 for females. Longevity was estimated 1.67 and 2.00 years for males and females, respectively. The estimated mortality coefficients, were Z=5.9 (4.89 – 6.92) year−1 (α=0.05), M=2.9 year^−1 and F=3.0 year^−1 for males and Z=5.7 (4.94–6.37) year^−1 (α=0.05), M=2.5 year^−1 and F=3.2 year^−1 for females. The length at first capture, Lc estimated from the probability of capture routine was 23.3 mm for males and 24.2 mm for females. Sex ratio (M:F=1.1:1) was significantly different to 1:1. The exploitation rates of shrimp were 0.49 and 0.56 for males and females, respectively which could get higher because the survival of spawning stock after the fishing season is related to environmental factors and has less effect on the next year’s biomass. Recruitment was continued throughout the year but with one major peak in July to November.

One of the most visible direct impacts of fishing is the capture of non-target species, known collectively as by-catch. By-catch includes species that are unwanted and discarded (discards) and species that are retained and sold (byproduct) (Stobutzki et al., 2003). Although tuna purse seine fisheries have been shown to be selective, leading to lower levels of by-catch than other fisheries (Alverson et al., 1994; Kelleher, 2005), several species can be incidentally caught and, in some cases, discarded at sea. These include vulnerable and sensitive species such as turtles, mammals, and sharks (Minami et al. 2007; Romanov, 2008b). Tuna purse seine fisheries probably apply the most intensive direct human impact on the tropical epipelagic ecosystems in all oceans. Because of the worldwide scale of purse seine fisheries, an assessment of their impact on associated and dependent species is essential (Romanov, 2002a).

Some of valuable species of Persian Gulf, such as sea urchins, are accounted less scientific studies due to the lack of any position in the local food baskets. Therefore, this survey is investigated the biometrical parameters of sea urchin Echinometra mathaei for a period of seven months (March– September, 2014) in the intertidal zone of Lengeh Port (26˚32ʹ28̋ N, 54˚52ʹ29̋ E). Random samples were collected monthly during spring tides and transferred alive to the laboratory and then the dissection and the separation of different parts of the body were started. Each part of the body length and weight was measured. By a mathematical method the volume of samples was calculated as an elliptical object. This study illustrated the largest and smallest sample were 0.07 and 103.77 grams, respectively. Results showed that the relationships between Total wet weight and Test Diameter (Total Wet Weight = 0.0053 Test Diameter2.3933), Total Wet Weight and Height (Total Wet Weight = 0.0122 Height2.5872) and Total Wet Weight and Volume (Total Wet Weight= 0.0071 Volume0.8706). The correlation coefficient between volume and total wet weight of samples was r=0.94 which shows the accuracy of Disk method. On the other hand, the HDR index was more in compared with the HWR index and it illustrates larger values of Test Diameter in compare with Height. Statical analyses prove that higher values of DWR in compared with HWR are reasonable and accurate in both sexes.

The CPUE, CPUA and biomass of Pomadasys kaakan was assessed in the waters of the province of Bushehr in 2011. The study area was divided into three areas (Northern, Central and Southern) and depth zones (10-20, 20-30 and 30-50 m).Stratified random sampling was used to collect the data. Samples were taken from 45 stations. The total length and total mean length were calculated to be 27-56 cm and 42.7±4.95 cm, respectively. The total biomass was estimated to be approximately 5943.55 tons. The total CPUE and CPUA were calculated as being 803.25 kg/h and 9269.05 kg/nm^2, respectively. The lowest mean CPUE was observed in the 20-30 m depth zone and was 8.82 kg/h and the highest mean CPUE was observed in the 10-20 m depth zone as 21.45 kg/h. The lowest and highest mean CPUA were calculated in the 20-30 m and 10-20 m depth zones as being 95.91 kg/nm^2 and 259.35 kg/nm^2 , respectively. Also, the central area of Bushehr showed the highest CPUA with an estimate of 8913.9 kg/nm^2. The results of this study demonstrated that the highest distribution and biomass of P. kaakan were concentrated in central areas and 30-50 m depth zones.

This is the first study of growth and age of Sardinella sindensis from coastal waters of Qeshm Island (Persian Gulf) based on the sectioned otolith reading method. In total, 128 fishes were collected randomly from purse seine commercial nets during March 2011 to February 2012. The annual formation of the growth rings were determined by counting the opaque and translucent zones occurrence at the outer margin of the otolith. The peak of opaque and translucent zones formation occurred in June and January, respectively. There was no significant differences between the sex ratio of males to females (p>0.05). The total length and body weight for both sexes ranged between (7.9-18.6 cm) and (3.98-55.69 g). In total, four age classes were determined, and the maximum age was recorded as 3.5 years. The most abundant individuals were counted in 1+ age class, while the least number of fishes belonged to the 3+ age class. The non-linear regression relationship between the length and age for combined sexes were fitted in Von Bertalanffy growth equation, and described as: TL= 20.8 (1-e^-0.54(t+ 0.54)). There was a strong relationship between the body weight and total length of the fishes (p>0.05), indicating that the growth type of S. sindensis is isometric. From the results of this study we concluded that S. sindensis is a fast-growing species with a short-life span. In order to obtain more reliable results about the age and growth of this species, we suggest that different methods of age determination should be used, combined with the evaluation of the factors affecting its growth for the management of optimum exploitation of the resources of this fish.

This study was conducted to compare heavy metal concentrations including lead and cadmium in liver and muscle tissues of Indian mackerel (Rastrelliiger Kanagurta) in Bandar Lengeh, Hormoz island, Hengam island and Kolahi regions. In current research, the influence of season, sex and size (length and weight) on Pb and Cd concentrations in Indian mackerel was investigated in these areas. Then Lead and cadmium concentrations in muscle tissues were compared with international standards for human consumption. Sampling was performed in summer and winter. Metal concentrations of organs were assessed by dry digestion method and atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Results showed that there are statistically significant differences between concentrations of lead and cadmium in liver and tissues of the fish in these regions (Bandar Lengeh, Hormoz, Hengam and Kolahi) (p0.05). In addition, there is no correlation between lead and cadmium concentrations in muscle and liver of Indian mackerel with size (length and weight) (p>0.05).

As pearling has been banned in Iran since 2006, stocks of pearl oysters has not been investigated during these years; therefore, condition of natural habitats for Pinctada radiata in its old habitats was surveyed in present research. Shallow waters around Hendorabi Island were searched with diving and two habitats namely “Sooleh” and “Sahel-e-sheni”, were considered for study. The pearl oysters had most distribution in these habitats in depth ranges of 7 to 12 m and 8 to 11 m, respectively. Total stock in Sooleh and Sahel-e-sheni was surveyed near 35700 and 12563 Pinctada radiata, respectively, of which 22% and 67% were catchable, respectively. Catch Per Unit of Area (CPUA) in Sooleh and Sahel-e-sheni habitats was estimated equal to 0.3 N/m2 in both habitats, and Catch Per Unit of Effort (CPUE) in these habitats was calculated equal to 59.5 N/hr and 50.3 N/hr, respectively. Results of this study demonstrated that area, stocks and CPUA for studied habitats were less than previous years. Despite of interdict of pearling in this region since 7 years ago, stock revival has done slowly.

The relative growth of the fiddler crab Uca sindensis in Pohl Port was studied. Ten 0.5 m^2 quadrates were randomly sampled monthly during low tide periods from October 2009 to September 2010. A total of 840 crabs, 449 (53.45%) males and 391 (46.5%) ‌ females, were sampled. The Carapace width of males ranged from 5.5 to 13.5 mm (mean ± SD) (8.92 ± 2.04), and of females from 5.0 to 11.5 mm (mean ± SD) (7.95 ± 1.34). Carapace height (CH) and Carapace length (CL), height of the major cheliped (HMC) of males, abdomen width of females (AW), major cheliped length (LMC), dactiluse (D), feeding cheliped (CHF) and merouse (M) were employed as dependent variables and carapace width (CW) as independent variable. The relationship between CW × CH was positive in males and females. The equation (Log CH=Log-4.881+4.681LogCW) for males (P

Thunnus tonggol is one of the most important large pelagic fish species in Hormuzgan province waters. Nominal catch of T. tonggol in 2010 was 32405 tones comprising 65% of total catch of large pelagic fishes. For sustainable exploitation of the resources of this fish, we need to identify its fishing pattern, maximum constant yield and recruitment pattern. Hence, length and weight data were collected randomly from 6 major artisanal fish-landing sites Hassineh, Kong, Bandar Abbas, Salakh, Sirik and Jask in Hormuzgan province, starting in April 2010 over one year. Growth parameters L∞ and K were estimated at 112.23cm 0.3 and (1/year), respectively. Hence, the natural mortality was calculated at 0.43 (1/year) and the maximum constant yield was computed at 11880 tones. Length-weight power relationship, W= aFLb , was W= 3×10-05FL2.82 that showed T. tonggol have isometric growth. Fishing pattern indicated that almost 85% of the catch was under the size at first maturity. Maximum recruitment pattern was in November with average fork length being 27cm. For optimum exploitation of T. tonggol stocks, we suggest two approaches including fishing ban in the maximum recruitment time and gear (Drift gillnet) modification.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the population dynamics of Liza klunzingeri, in Hormouzgan province waters located in northern coasts of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. This study was carried out from October 2007 to September 2008. Samples were collected from commercial stake traps. The relationship between weight and fork length was found to be W= 0.0214 F.L^2.8233 suggesting that Liza klunzingeri shows isometric growth. Length-based stock assessment using the FiSAT software package showed an asymptotic length (L∞) of 20.3cm FL and growth coefficient of 0.6.yr^-1. These results gave a growth performance index (ø) of 2.39. The total mortality coefficient was estimated to be 2.31, a natural mortality of 1.09 and fishing mortality of 1.22. The estimated total mortality which, in relative terms, is considered average (2.31.yr^-1), coupled with the currently observed exploitation rate of 0.52 for L. klunzingeri, estimated from the mortality rates, suggested that the species is moderately exploited. Article includes abstract in Farsi on last page.

Kor River drains into the Persian Gulf and its watershed encompasses areas in Hormozgan, Kerman and Fars provinces. Identification of fish species of the river was conducted seasonally from summer to winter 2005. We selected 8 sampling stations based on the height of sea level from branches of Kol River near estuary. Totally, 160 specimens were caught with gillnet, cast net and hook. We identified 12 species, 12 genera, 7 families and 5 orders. The most diverse family was Cyprinidae represented by 5 species and 5 genera. In this family, Cyprinion watsoni was caught in 6 sampling stations and Cyprinus carpio species in only one station. Close to estuary, we found marine fish species such as mudskipper of Gobiidae, milk fish of Chanidae, ladyfish of Elopidae, and two species of Mugilidae families. The latter two species of Mugilidae were not seen in other stations. Of the identified species, Iranocichla hormuzensis, Garra persica and Schistura sargadensis were endemic and Cyprinus carpio was considered exotic.

In this study, 945 Specimens of bivalve Solen dactylus were biometrically assessed from April 2007 to March 2008 in two transects of Golshahr coast in Bandar Abbas, Persian Gulf. Physical and chemical factors of water like temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen, coast's sediment, diversity and abundance of phytoplankton were studied monthly during the clam sampling. The mean clam length and total weight were 67.5 plus or minus 17.13mm and 6.3 plus or minus 4.04g, respectively. The relationship between clam length-width, total weight-dry weight and clam length-dry weight were significant (r^(2) = 0.91, r^(2) = 0.83 and r^(2) = 0.86, P0.05). The maximum value of Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the first and second transect were 11% and 16%, respectively in January (reproductive cycle). The minimum value of GSI in both transects was zero from April to September. Gonado Condition Index (GCI) was synchronous with the GSI during the year of study. GSI and GCI showed a negative relationship with temperature and a positive relationship with dissolved oxygen.

In this study was conducted from February and March 2007 to June and July 2007. ... Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Published

This study designed with objective on shrimp population structure biomass, management aspects and meteorological factors that affect on them. This investigation was carried out monthly by swept area method from Bandar Abbas to Sirik area waters. The optimum time for opening fishing season in Hormuzgan province waters in years 1999,2000, 2001 and 2002 respectively were about 9/10/1999, 4/10/2000, 2/10/2001, 28/9/2002 and total biomass for years 1999 up to 2002 were 731, 1350, 636 and 1708 tonnes, respectively. The Pearson correlation test between catch per unit of effort (CPUE) and meteorological parameters showed the significant correlation for mean temperature and moisture (P < 0.05) and for rainfall and evaporation did not show any significant correlation.

Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Published

Without abstract. Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute Published

Small pelagic fishes particularly anchovy (Encrasicholina punctifer) and sardine (Sardinella sindensis) have an important role to support the Iranian fisheries and are distributed along the coastal waters of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Using a logbook on small pelagic fisheries, a GIS-based environmental modeling approach was applied to investigate the presence and abundance of anchovy and sardine in relation to environmental variables. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to provide a preliminary view of the relationships between fish presence/absence and environmental variables. Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) indicated the presence/absence of fish was related to distance from the nearest coast, depth, sea surface Chlorophyll-a, and SST. Results of the EFH showed that sardine is concentrated in specific areas of more favorable conditions, such as north of the Persian Gulf and all areas of the northwest of the Oman Sea. However, EFH of anchovy showed a more widespread distribution, occupying most of the north-west of the Oman Sea coastal waters, south of Qeshm Island in the Strait of Hormoz as well as the Parsian district in the north of the Persian Gulf. In this study, it seems that the anchovy showed the probability of presence in the areas with more distance from the coastal waters. However, the EFH probability presences of sardine were predicted for near coastal water and obviously, shallower waters. Due to the development of small pelagic fisheries, it is highly recommended to investigate anchovy and sardine fishing possibility in areas with high EFH prediction probability.