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Background: Job burnout is among the most important determinants of employee productivity. Numerous factors affect the function of employees and burnout. Objectives: Based on the available studies on healthcare providers, resilience and burnout are directly related to employee productivity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of resilience training on job burnout in hospital staff. Methods: Forty-six hospital staff were divided into case and control groups (23 in each group) and enrolled in the present pre-and post-intervention study. Each group completed the pre-test to assess resilience and burnout based on the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Maslach Burnout Questionnaire (MBQ). The case group received six one-hour training sessions. During these sessions, some resilience and coping skills were provided. At the end of the sessions, the participants in both groups completed the resilience and burnout questionnaires. After one month, the staff filled in these questionnaires again, and the results of the questionnaires were compared before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests using SPSS version 19 software. Results: The mean age of study participants was 38.47 and 36 years in the case and control groups, respectively, and demographic features were not significantly different between the study groups. The total score of the burnout scale decreased after the intervention in the case group and increased in the control group. In addition, after the intervention, the mean score of the total burnout scale was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. All subscales in the case group significantly decreased after the intervention, while all subscales increased in the control group. This increase was significant in the emotional exhaustion subscale in the control group. Only emotional exhaustion after the intervention was significantly reduced in the case group. The resilience score in the case group increased significantly one month after the intervention. Conclusions: Resilience training as 6 one-hour training sessions significantly improved job burnout, and health officials can use this training method to improve the health and function of employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Klein-Levin Syndrome (KLS) is a rare disorder identified by recurrent hypersomnia, over-eating, or hypersexuality and is associated with cognitive dysfunction or abnormal behaviors. Case presentation: In this paper, we presented a 36-year-old single female with chief complaints of headaches, tiredness, and sleepiness. She reported attacks of hypersomnia and memory deficits from childhood. She experienced addiction to alcohol, caffeine, and sugar, also depression, and suicidal taught. The full medical work-up did not indicate any organic illness. Polysomnography and Multiple Sleep Latency Tests indicated narcolepsy. Finally, she was diagnosed with Klein-Levin syndrome. Conclusion: Kleine-Levin Syndrome is a challenging diagnosis. The medical history of clinical symptoms and exclusion of other diagnoses can lead to better diagnosis in patients with hypersomnolence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Regarding to the role of physical self-perception and personality traits in abuse of psychoactive substance among women, this study aimed to compare the concept of physical self-perception and personality traits among psychoactive substance abusers and normal individuals. Materials and Methods: In this causal-comparative study, 60 women (30 psychoactive substance abusers, 30 normal cases) referred to substance abuse treatment centers in Mashhad city (the second big-city of Iran) were selected in convenient sampling method. The Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) and NEO-Five Factor Test (Short Form) were performed. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis and two independent means tests. Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that women with psychoactive substance abuse have higher scores in neuroticism and lower scores in agreeableness, accountability and extraversion than normal women. The comparison of two independent means also showed that there is a significant difference between physical self-perception in normal and abusers, so that normal women have better physical self-perception. Conclusion: The results confirm that physical self-perception and personality traits play an important role in involvement in substance abuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The presence of nature as well as open and green spaces in the city, as well as open and green spaces in the city, are important for the promotion of quality of life in urban planning and design. Methods: This study examines per capita green space and its location as an independent variable. On the other hand, the dependent variable includes the geographical distribution of the statistical population who are divided into three groups suffering from psychiatric. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey type. The results were analyzed using SPSS software (version17) through statistical tests, ANOVA and correlation coefficient. Results: The results of the ANOVA test showed a significant relationship between the mean mental disorders in different areas of Mashhad and per capita green space in the same regions. Conclusions: Accordingly, an increased number of people with mental disorders associated with a decline in per capita green space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Internet addiction has increased among young adults as public health problem which lead to mental and physical disturbances. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between internet addiction and loneliness with sleep quality in youth population. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 50 college students who educating in academic year of 2014-15 in Islamic Azad University, branch of Torbat-e-Jam were selected via convenience method. They fulfilled Internet Addiction Inventory (IAI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the revised UCLA Loneliness Scale. Data analyzed through descriptive and conferential statistics. Results: The findings showed that there was positive and direct correlation between internet addiction and poor sleep quality. The same correlation was seen between loneliness and sleep quality. Also, loneliness can predict sleep quality and it can explain 13% of changes in sleep quality. Conclusion: Regarding to the findings, internet addiction and loneliness are associated to negative impact on quality of sleep among college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the significance of social adjustment and quality of life in the deaf and the need for intervention to improve such variables, the objective of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on quality of life and social adjustment in the deaf. Firstly, by informing all the deaf who had registered in Mashhad Center of the Deaf, 39 subjects agreed to participate in the study. Then 24 volunteers who had diploma and higher education and were suitable for getting emotion regulation training were selected. These deaf people were randomly divided into control (12) and test groups (12). The test group received emotion training and the control group did not receive any treatment. The questionnaire of quality of life and social adjustment were completed as pre-test and post-test in both the test and control groups. Finally, for analyzing the data, covariance analysis and SPSS 18 software were also used. The present study indicated that emotion regulation training significantly increased the quality of life and social adjustment of the deaf. In other words, the quality of life and social adjustment of the deaf who were in the test group increased significantly compared to the deaf who were in the control group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate late toxic effects of sulfur mustard (SM) on the upper and lower respiratory tracts of Iranian veterans, 43 male veterans with more than 25% disability due to SM poisoning in 20−25 years after exposure, were studied. Direct laryngoscopy, pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gasses and pH, computed tomography of sinuses and lungs were investigated. The patients were aged 50.6 (8.9 SD) years with body mass index (BMI) of 26.6 (4.0) and disability of 53.2 (17.0%). The common findings of the upper respiratory tract were dysphonia (79.1%), post-nasal discharge (PND; 41.9%), lower larynx position (30.2%), limitation of vocal cords (25.6%) and mucosal inflammation of larynx (14.8%). The common lower respiratory diseases were diagnosed as chronic obstructive respiratory disease (84%), bronchiectasis (44.1%) and lung fibrosis (7.7%). Severity of disability was negatively correlated with BMI (p = 0.032), spirometric parameters (p < 0.001) and oxygen saturation (p < 0.001), but positively correlated with low-density lipoproteins (LDL <0.010), blood pressure (p = 0.008), diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), wheezing (p = 0.0043) and bronchiectasis (p < 0.001). Delayed toxic effects of SM in upper and lower respiratory tracts were mostly inflammatory and infectious complications, SM-induced disabilities were significantly correlated with risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, LDL and lower-respiratory complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in both developed and developing countries. Deficiency of vital elements such as iron and zinc is thought to interrupt the function of dopaminergic pathways. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the serum levels of iron and zinc among children with ADHD who referred to a psychiatric clinic in Mashhad, compared to healthy controls. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 51 subjects (36 ADHD cases and 15 healthy controls) aged 6 - 12 years. The serum levels of ferritin and zinc, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and hemoglobin were assessed and compared between the groups. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age was 7.8 ± 2.12 and 8.4 ± 3.11 years in ADHD and control children, respectively. There were significant differences between the groups regarding mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (P = 0.003), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (P = 0.002), and zinc level (P = 0.015). However, no significant difference was observed in hemoglobin, iron, TIBC, and ferritin between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The levels of serum iron and ferritin did not differ significantly between children with and without ADHD. Surprisingly, we found the serum zinc level to be higher inADHDchildren than in healthy controls. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to draw reliable conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of Tourette's disorder among children and adolescents and its negative consequences, an appropriate and effective medical treatment with minimal complications is necessary. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the effects of Aripiprazole and Risperidone on Tourette's disorders in children and adolescents., Methods: The statistical population of this semi-experimental study was children and adolescents aged seven to eighteen years old. They were diagnosed with Tourette's disorder based on the DSM-V criteria by the clinical interview of a child and adolescent psychiatrist in the child Psychiatry clinic of Ibne- Sina's Psychiatric Hospital (Mashhad-Iran) in 2018. A total of forty participants were selected by the convenience sampling method, and they were randomly divided into two groups treated with medicines, Risperidone or Aripiprazole, for two months. Then, the demographic information questionnaire was completed. The Y-GTSS Scale was completed. The clinical Effect Rating Scale (CGI-Tics Scale) was completed. Calculation of body mass index and medical side effects complications were completed. The evaluation was carried out at the beginning and on the second, fourth, and eighth weeks, and the results were compared. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. 14, descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and variance analysis., Results: The two groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables and body mass index. Despite the positive effect of both medicines, no significant difference was observed among the general scores of such disorders, the overall score of severity, Tourette's recovery, and BMI of these two groups at the intervals and the end of treatments. (p <0.05). Due to the low number of complications reported, statistical comparisons of the medical side effects were not made., Conclusion: According to the results, the two medicines, Aripiprazole and Risperidone, effectively improved the symptoms of Tourette's disorder and its overall severity. However, there were no significant statistical differences between them. Furthermore, in terms of the medical side effects, the statistical comparison between the two medicines was impossible due to the small number of complications., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)