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Plant tendrils are specialized organs that can twine around other structures to facilitate climbing. They occur in a variety of plant families and have diverse ontogenic origins. In cucurbits, tendrils originate from lateral shoots. Fine mapping verified that the tendril-less ctl mutation of the melon Cucumis melo corresponds to a frameshift mutation in the CmTCP1 gene, which encodes a TCP transcription factor. A yeast two-hybrid screen for CmTCP1/CTL-interacting proteins identified a member of the plant-specific YABBY transcription factor family, which was named CmYAB1. Each of the N- and C-terminal regions of CmTCP1 interacted with CmYAB1. The ctl mutation impaired the interaction between CmTCP1 and CmYAB1. Both proteins interacted in vitro and were localized to the nucleus in plant cells. In situ expression analysis revealed the coexistence of the CmTCP1 and CmYAB1 mRNAs in the abaxial domains of developing tendrils. An RNA-seq analysis of the seven YABBY genes in the melon genome revealed relatively high expression ratios of CmYAB1 in tendrils compared with those in leaves. These results suggest a novel function of the YABBY protein through its interaction with a TCP protein in the development of cucurbit tendrils., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Individuals with an objective decrease in salivary flow (objective dry mouth) may not be aware of subjective dry mouth (xerostomia). However, no clear evidence exists to explain the discordance between subjective and objective dry mouth. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the prevalence of xerostomia and decreased salivary flow among community-dwelling elderly adults. In addition, this study assessed several potential demographic and health status determinants of the discrepancy between xerostomia and reduced salivary flow. The 215 participants in this study were community-dwelling older people aged 70 years and above who underwent dental health examinations between January-February 2019. Symptoms of xerostomia were collected in the form of a questionnaire. The unstimulated salivary flow rate (USFR) was measured by a dentist using visual inspection. The stimulated salivary flow rate (SSFR) was measured using the Saxon test. We identified 19.1% of participants as having mild-severe USFR decline with xerostomia and 19.1% as having mild-severe USFR decline without xerostomia. Additionally, 26.0% of participants had low SSFR and xerostomia, and 40.0% had low SSFR without xerostomia. Except for the age trend, no factors could be associated with the discordance between USFR measurement and xerostomia. Furthermore, no significant factors were associated with the discordance between the SSFR and xerostomia. However, females were significantly associated (OR = 2.608, 95% CI = 1.174-5.791) with low SSFR and xerostomia, as compared to males. Age was a factor that was also significantly associated (OR = 1.105, 95% CI = 1.010-1.209) with low SSFR and xerostomia. Our findings indicate that approximately 20% of the participants had low USFR without xerostomia, and 40% had low SSFR without xerostomia. This study showed that age, sex, and the number of medications may not be factors in the discrepancy between the subjective feeling of dry mouth and reduced salivary flow., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Morita et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Objective　Polypharmacy in elderly individuals may cause reduced flow of saliva and xerostomia. A dry mouth can lead to poor oral function; however, there are no reports on the relationship between polypharmacy and subjective or objective oral dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between the number of prescribed medications and subjective and objective oral dysfunction.Methods　The subjects of this study were 215 community-dwelling, elderly individuals, aged 75 years or older, who visited the dental clinic in the Chubu region for a dental health examination from January to February 2019. A medical interview was conducted to assess three items that were related to subjective oral function and record four measurements related to objective oral function. In addition, information was collected on the diseases being treated and prescribed medications. A subject with a decrease in any of the three subjective oral function categories was considered to have subjective oral dysfunction. Objective oral dysfunction was analyzed with respect to two types of oral dysfunction: a decrease in all four objective oral functions and a decrease in two or more of the four objective oral functions. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between subjective and objective oral dysfunction after adjustment for sex, age group, inveterate disease, and the number of prescribed medications.Results　Individuals who had eight or more prescribed medications had lower subjective oral function than those with seven or fewer medications (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval: 2.3, 1.0-5.1; P<0.05). Individuals with eight or more medications had lower scores in all four objective oral functions than those with seven or fewer medications (4.4 : 1.5-12.6, P<0.01). A decrease in two or more of the four objective oral functions was related to 10 or more prescribed medications (4.3 : 1.2-16.2, P<0.05).　In addition, taking eight or more prescribed medications was associated with a decrease in either subjective oral function or all four objective oral functions (8.1 : 2.1-30.8, P<0.01). A decrease in either subjective oral function or two or more objective oral functions was related to taking 10 or more prescribed medications (4.9 : 1.6-15.6, P<0.01).Conclusion　In conclusion, more than eight prescribed pharmaceutical medications in the elderly is associated with subjective or objective oral dysfunction.

Background: Brazil is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with about 37,000 species of land plants. Part of this biodiversity is within protected areas. The development of online databases in the last years greatly improved the available biodiversity data. However, the existing databases do not provide information about the protected areas in which individual plant species occur. The lack of such information is a crucial gap for conservation actions. This study aimed to show how the information captured from online databases, cleaned by a protocol and verified by taxonomists allowed us to obtain a comprehensive list of the vascular plant species from the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia", the first national park founded in Brazil. All existing records in the online database JABOT (15,100 vouchers) were downloaded, resulting in 11,783 vouchers identified at the species level. Overall, we documented 2,316 species belonging to 176 families and 837 genera of vascular plants in the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia". Considering the whole vascular flora, 2,238 species are native and 78 are non-native., New Information: The "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia" houses 13% of the angiosperm and 37% of the fern species known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Amongst these species, 82 have been cited as threatened, following IUCN categories (CR, EN or VU), seven are data deficient (DD) and 15 have been classified as a conservation priority, because they are only known from a single specimen collected before 1969., (Marina M Moreira, Tatiana T Carrijo, Anderson Alves-Araújo, André M A Amorim, Alessandro Rapini, Andrews V S da Silva, Braz A P Cosenza, Claudia R Lopes, Camila N Delgado, Cíntia Kameyama, Dayvid R Couto, Daniel E F Barbosa, Daniele Monteiro, Diego R Gonzaga, Eduardo C Dalcin, Elsie F Guimarães, Elton John de Lírio, Fernando B Matos, Fátima R G Salimena, Felipe A Oliveira, Gustavo Heiden, João M Lanna, José Fernando Baumgratz, José F B Pastore, Juliana R P M Oliveira, Laísa B Barcelos, Lana S Sylvestre, Leandro Freitas, Leandro L Giacomin, Leandro Pederneiras, Leonardo D Meireles, Lúcia G Lohmann, Luciana C Pereira, Luis Alexandre E Silva, Luiz M Neto, Marcelo C Souza, Marcelo Trovó, Marcos E G Sobral, Mário Luís Garbin, Mario Gomes, Marli P Morim, Michelle Christine A Mota, Paulo H Labiak, Pedro L Viana, Pedro Luís R de Moraes, Renato Goldenberg, Rubens Luiz G Coelho, Samyra G Furtado, Sebastião José da Silva-Neto, Thiago B Flores, Valquíria F Dutra, Vinícius R Bueno, Rafaela C Forzza.)

Novel chelators, i.e., 4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazole derivatives, were synthesized by means of Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and used to prepare luminescent Re(I) complexes [ReCl(CO)(3)(Bn-pyta)], [ReCl(CO)(3)(AcGlc-pyta)] and [ReCl(CO)(3)(Glc-pyta)] (Bn-pyta = 1-benzyl-4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazole, AcGlc-pyta = 2-(4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)ethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, Glc-pyta = 2-(4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)ethyl beta-d-glucopyranoside). X-Ray crystallography of Bn-pyta and Glc-pyta indicated an azocompound-like structure while the 1,2,4-triazole isomer has an azine character. [ReCl(CO)(3)(Bn-pyta)] crystallized in the monoclinic system with space group P2(1)/n. Bn-pyta ligand coordinates with the nitrogen atoms of the 2-pyridyl group and the 3-position of 1,2,3-triazole ring, which is a very similar coordinating fashion to that of the 2,2'-bipyridine derivative. The glucoconjugated Re(I) complexes [ReCl(CO)(3)(AcGlc-pyta)] and [ReCl(CO)(3)(Glc-pyta)] hardly crystallized, and were analyzed by applying extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis. The EXAFS analyses suggested that the glucoconjugation at the 1-position of the 1,2,3-triazole makes no influence to the coordinating fashion of 4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazole. [ReCl(CO)(3)(Bn-pyta)] showed a blue-shifted maximum absorption (333 nm, 3.97 x 10(3) M(-1) cm(-1)) compared with [ReCl(CO)(3)(bpy)] (371 nm, 3.35 x 10(3) M(-1) cm(-1)). These absorptions were clearly assigned to be the mixed metal-ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (MLLCT) on the basis of time-dependent density functional theory calculation. The luminescence spectrum of [ReCl(CO)(3)(Bn-pyta)] also showed this blue-shifted feature when compared with that of [ReCl(CO)(3)(bpy)]. The luminescence lifetime of [ReCl(CO)(3)(Bn-pyta)] was determined to be 8.90 mus in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran at 77 K, which is longer than that of [ReCl(CO)(3)(bpy)] (3.17 micros). The blue-shifted electronic absorption and elongated luminescence lifetime of [ReCl(CO)(3)(Bn-pyta)] suggested that 4-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,3-triazole functions as an electron-rich bidentate chelator.

Preparation and structural analysis of chiral dinuclear vanadium(v) catalysts with high catalytic activity for the oxidative coupling of 2-naphthols are described.