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Background/purpose: To reduce inequalities among SIOPE-affiliated countries, standard and optional levels to deliver 'Good Clinical Practice' compliant treatment in pediatric radiation oncology have been published. The aim of this project was to map the availability of pediatric radiotherapy resources across SIOPE-affiliated radiotherapy departments., Materials/methods: An online survey with 34 questions was distributed to 246 radiotherapy departments across 35 SIOPE-affiliated countries. In addition to demographic data, 15 general items related to the organization of the radiotherapy process, and 10 radiotherapy-specific items were defined. For each of the 25 items, sum scores were calculated per center and country. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze associations., Results: Between March-June 2019, 121 departments (49 %) out of 31 countries (89 %) completed the survey. At center level, involvement of core disciplines in tumor boards (28 %), and integration of dedicated pediatric radiation therapy technologists (24 %) are limited, while rare & complex brachytherapy procedures are performed in many centers (23 %). For general and radiotherapy-specific items respectively, a relevant variation of sum scores was observed across countries (Δ general : ≤10 points; Δ RT&#95;specific : ≤5 points) and among centers within a country (Δ general : ≤9 points; Δ RT&#95;specific : ≤6 points). Sum scores for general and radiotherapy-specific items were higher in countries with a high-income (p < 0.01) and higher health development index (p < 0.01). A larger annual number of irradiated pediatric patients was associated with higher sum scores for general items (p < 0.01)., Conclusion: This survey demonstrates the disparities in organization of pediatric radiotherapy departments between SIOPE-affiliated countries and centers within the same country. Investment is needed to reduce inequalities in pediatric radiotherapy care., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Infection with human papillomavirus is the main cause of cervical carcinoma. In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) 556 cases of cervical carcinoma are diagnosed annually, and 141 women die from it., Aim: To determine the most common HPV type found in ASCUS and LSIL and progression, regression and persistence of lesions., Methods: In a retrospective study, 11 051 PAP tests, performed in several private gynecological practices located in Tuzla Canton from January 2016 to December 2019, were analyzed. In processing of data , X 2 - statistical method was used., Results: 11051 PAP test were inspected. Normal findings were found in 90.48% (N-10002) and pathological findings in 9.49% (N- 049). ASCUS was present in 4.9% (N-544), LSIL in 3.04% (N-337), HSIL in 0.74% (N-84), ASC-H in 0.27% (N-30) and AGC in 0.49% (N-55) of cases. The most common is HPV 16, found in 50.5% (N-44) of ASCUS and LSIL. Monoinfection with HPV 16 was found in 40.9% (N-18) ASCUS (N-3) and LSIL (N-15), and a combination of HPV 16 with other types like HPV 18, 31, 33, 39 in 59% (N-26). Progression of ASCUS lesion in HSIL 1.6% (N-2), and LSIL 9.6% (N-12). Progression of LSIL to HSIL was found in 9.0% (N-10). HSIL progresses significantly more frequent from LSIL (p<0.05) than from ASCUS changes. Lesions that progress into higher grade HSIL are HPV 16 positive. Progression into HSIL is not found in patients with low-risk HPV 6 and 11 infection., Conclusion: Women infected with HPV 16 have more a frequent progression of a lesion into higher grade HSIL. They should be intensively monitored because of the increased risk for development of cervical carcinoma., Competing Interests: None declared., (© 2020 Mahira Jahic, Lejla Kameric, Azra Hadzimehmedovic.)

Disparities in survival and long-term side-effects from paediatric cancer are observed across European Society for Paediatric Oncology (SIOPE)-affiliated countries. The Joint Action on Rare Cancers (JARC) is a project supported by the European Union and member states aiming to formulate recommendations on rare cancers, including paediatric malignancies, to reduce inequalities and to improve health outcomes. Most paediatric cancers are treated by a combination of systemic agents, surgery and/or radiotherapy. Radiotherapy for children is becoming increasingly complex because of the growing availability of new modalities and techniques and the evolution in molecular biology. These added challenges have the potential to enhance disparities in survival and side-effects between countries, but also among centres in the same country. To tackle radiotherapy-related inequalities, representatives of SIOPE, European SocieTy for Radiotherapy and Oncology, Paediatric Radiation Oncology Society and Childhood Cancer International-Europe defined 'standard' and 'optional' levels to deliver Good Clinical Practice-compliant treatment in paediatric radiation oncology with a focus on patient-related care, education and training. In addition, more than 250 paediatric radiotherapy centres across the SIOPE-affiliated countries have been mapped. For a better understanding of resources in paediatric radiotherapy, JARC representatives are working on an online survey for paediatric radiation oncologists of each centre in SIOPE-affiliated countries. The outcome of this survey will give an insight into the strengths and weaknesses of paediatric radiotherapy across SIOPE-affiliated countries and can be relevant for European Reference Networks in terms of collaboration pathways and referrals in paediatric radiotherapy., (Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Menopause is the last physiological menstruation and represents a crucial moment in the life of every woman., Objective of the Study: Determine the effect of parity and menarche as risk factors in the time of menopause occurrence., Patients and Methods: This study included 460 women in natural menopause. Each patient has undergone an interview based on the questionnaire, following the verbal consent of the patient who was previously explained nature of the research. Statistical analysis of data was carried out by the usual statistical methods of descriptive statistics, using regression models and "hazard ratio" for the period of life compared to the individual parameters., Results: The average age of menopause occurrence in women who gave birth, was somewhat higher (48.6), in comparison to women who did not give birth (47.8), but the difference was not statistically important (t=-1.07, p=0.287). In the study group there was no correlation between the age of menarche occurrence and the age of menopause occurrence., Conclusion: There is no correlation between the age of menarche occurrence, parity and age of the menopause.