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1. Mitigating Covariate Shift in Imitation Learning for Autonomous Vehicles Using Latent Space Generative World Models

Author

Popov, Alexander, Degirmenci, Alperen, Wehr, David, Hegde, Shashank, Oldja, Ryan, Kamenev, Alexey, Douillard, Bertrand, Nistér, David, Muller, Urs, Bhargava, Ruchi, Birchfield, Stan, and Smolyanskiy, Nikolai

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, 68T40 (Primary) 68T05, 68T45 (Secondary), I.2.9, I.2.6, I.2.10, I.6
Abstract

We propose the use of latent space generative world models to address the covariate shift problem in autonomous driving. A world model is a neural network capable of predicting an agent's next state given past states and actions. By leveraging a world model during training, the driving policy effectively mitigates covariate shift without requiring an excessive amount of training data. During end-to-end training, our policy learns how to recover from errors by aligning with states observed in human demonstrations, so that at runtime it can recover from perturbations outside the training distribution. Additionally, we introduce a novel transformer-based perception encoder that employs multi-view cross-attention and a learned scene query. We present qualitative and quantitative results, demonstrating significant improvements upon prior state of the art in closed-loop testing in the CARLA simulator, as well as showing the ability to handle perturbations in both CARLA and NVIDIA's DRIVE Sim., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, for ICRA 2025 conference, for associated video file, see https://youtu.be/fO7RZ57gVxk

Published
2024

2. Population Dynamics of Schr\'odinger Cats

Author

Thompson, Foster and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate an exact equivalence between classical population dynamics and Lindbladian evolution admitting a dark state and obeying a set of certain local symmetries. We then introduce {\em quantum population dynamics} as models in which this local symmetry condition is relaxed. This allows for non-classical processes in which animals behave like Schr\"odinger's cat and enter superpositions of live and dead states, thus resulting in coherent superpositions of different population numbers. We develop a field theory treatment of quantum population models as a synthesis of Keldysh and third quantization techniques and draw comparisons to the stochastic Doi-Peliti field theory description of classical population models. We apply this formalism to study a prototypical ``Schr\"odigner cat'' population model on a $d$-dimensional lattice, which exhibits a phase transition between a dark extinct phase and an active phase that supports a stable quantum population. Using a perturbative renormalization group approach, we find a critical scaling of the Schr\"odinger cat population distinct from that observed in both classical population dynamics and usual quantum phase transitions.

Published
2024

3. Analysis of defect modes in one-dimensional photonic crystals with two defects

Author

Kamenev, A. O., Vanyushkin, N. A., Efimov, I. M., and Gevorgyan, A. H.

Subjects
Physics - Optics
Abstract

In this paper, for the first time, analytical expressions for determination of the wavelength of defect modes (DMs) in one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (PCs) with two defect layers (DLs) were obtained from the condition of zero reflection. Analytical formulas on the conditions for the merging of two DMs and on the DMs with zero value of the reflection coefficient were obtained. Different typical 1D PC structures with two DLs were considered and compared, including their DMs behavior. The distribution of electromagnetic field within the first photonic bandgap (PBG) was analyzed for several cases of DM merging and for the different orders of DMs. The results of this research permit the simplification of the analysis of optical sensors and filters based on 1D PCs with two DLs, as well as a more comprehensive understanding of the DM behavior within the PBGs of such PC structures. Furthermore, this paper helps to explain the results obtained by other researchers earlier in this field, too.

Published
2024

4. Quantum criticality and optical conductivity in a two-valley system

Author

Gindikin, Yasha, Li, Songci, Levchenko, Alex, Kamenev, Alex, Chubukov, Andrey V., and Maslov, Dmitrii L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

We demonstrate that the optical conductivity of a Fermi liquid (FL) in the absence of umklapp scattering is dramatically affected by the topology of the Fermi surface (FS). Specifically, electron-electron (ee) scattering leads to rapid current relaxation in systems with multiple, or multiply connected, FSs, provided the valleys have different effective masses. This effect results from intervalley drag. We microscopically derive the optical conductivity of a two-valley system, both within the FL regime and near a quantum critical point (QCP) of the Ising-nematic type. In the FL regime, intervalley drag restores the Gurzhi-like scaling of the conductivity, $\mathrm{Re} \sigma(\omega) \sim \omega^0$. This dependence contrasts sharply with the previously identified sub-leading contribution to the conductivity of a two-dimensional FL with a single convex FS, where $\mathrm{Re} \sigma(\omega) \sim \omega^2 \ln |\omega|$. The vanishing of the leading term in the optical conductivity is a signature of geometric constraints on ee scattering channels, which are lifted for a multiply connected FS. A large differential response, $d \mathrm{Re} \sigma/d \mu$ with $\mu$ being the chemical potential, is predicted at the Lifshitz transition from a single-valley to a multi-valley FS, which should be observable within the experimentally accessible frequency range. Near a QCP, intervalley drag leads to a $|\omega|^{-2/3}$ scaling of $\mathrm{Re} \sigma(\omega)$ in 2D, thus providing a specific current-relaxing process for this long-standing conjecture., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures

Published
2024
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5. How pure can we go with adiabatic state manipulation?

Author

Santos, Raul A., Kamenev, Alex, and Gefen, Yuval

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Dissipative systems with decoherence free subspaces, a.k.a. dark spaces (DSs), can be used to protect quantum information. At the same time, dissipation is expected to give rise to coherent information degradation outside the DS. Employed to support quantum information platforms, DSs can be adiabatically modified in a way that resembles adiabatic control of coherent systems. Here we study the slow evolution of a purely dissipative system with a spectral gap $\gamma$, characterized by a strong symmetry, under a cyclic protocol with period $T$. Non-adiabatic corrections to the state evolution give rise to decoherence: the evolution within the instantaneous DS is described by a time-local effective Liouvillian operator that leads to purity degradation over a period, of order $1/\gamma T$. We obtain a closed form of the latter to order $1/(\gamma T)^2$. Our analysis underlines speed limitations in quantum information processing in the absence of corrective measures., Comment: 8 pages, one figure

Published
2024

6. Quantum Hopfield Model with Dilute Memories

Author

Xie, Rongfeng and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We discuss adiabatic spectra and dynamics of the quantum, i.e. transverse field, Hopfield model with dilute memories (the number of stored patterns $p < log_2 N$, where $N$ is the number of qubits). At some critical transverse field the model undergoes the quantum phase transition from the ordered to the paramagnetic state. The corresponding critical exponents are calculated and used to determine efficiency of quantum annealing protocols. We also discuss implications of these results for the quantum annealing of generic spin glass models.

Published
2024

7. Cyclic Quantum Annealing: Searching for Deep Low-Energy States in 5000-Qubit Spin Glass

Author

Zhang, Hao, Boothby, Kelly, and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

Quantum computers promise a qualitative speedup in solving a broad spectrum of real-life optimization problems. The latter can be mapped onto the task of finding low-energy states of spin glasses, which is known to be exceedingly difficult. Using D-Wave's 5000-qubit quantum processor, we demonstrate that a recently proposed iterative cyclic quantum annealing algorithm[1] can find deep low-energy states in record time. We also find intricate structures in a low-energy landscape of spin glasses, such as a power-law distribution of connected clusters with a small surface energy. These observations offer guidance for further improvement of the optimization algorithms., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

8. Localization of Lindbladian Fermions

Author

Thompson, Foster, Huang, Yi, and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We study a Lindbladian generalization of the Anderson model of localization that describes disordered free fermions coupled to a disordered environment. From finite size scaling of both eigenvalue statistics and participation ratio, we identify localization transitions in both the non-Hermitian Lindbladian spectrum, which governs transient relaxation dynamics, and in the Hermitian stationary state density matrix. These localization transitions occur at different critical values of Hamiltonian and dissipative disorder strength, implying the existence of atypical phases with a mixture of localized and delocalized features. We find this phenomenon is robust to changes to the value of the dissipative spectral gap.

Published
2024
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9. Electron Interactions in Rashba Materials

Author

Gindikin, Yasha and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

We show that Rashba spin-orbit interaction (RSOI) modifies electron-electron interaction vertex giving rise to a spectrum of novel phenomena. First, the spin-orbit-modified Coulomb interactions induce $p$-wave superconducting order, without any need for other mediators of attraction. Remarkably, two distinct superconducting phases arise in 3D systems, mirroring the $\mathrm{A}$ or $\mathrm{B}$ phases of $^3\mathrm{He}$, depending on the sign of the SOI constant. In contrast, 2D systems exhibit $p^x\pm i p^y$ order parameter, leading to time-reversal-invariant topological superconductivity. Second, a sufficiently strong RSOI induces ferromagnetic ordering. It is associated with a deformation of the Fermi surface, which may lead to a Lifshitz transition from a spherical to a toroidal Fermi surface, with a number of experimentally observable signatures. Finally, in sufficiently clean Rashba materials, ferromagnetism and $p$-wave superconductivity may coexist. This state resembles the $\mathrm{A}_1$ phase of $^3\mathrm{He}$, yet it may avoid nodal points due to the toroidal shape of the Fermi surface., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures

Published
2023

10. The role of regional tectonic stresses in mud volcanism in Southern Sakhalin

Author

P.A. Kamenev

Subjects
mud volcanism, tectonic stresses, borehole caliper, earthquake focal mechanisms, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the tectonic stress field of Southern Sakhalin on the basis of seismological, geological, tectonophysical, GPS and remote (satellite) methods. The most characteristic type of stress state for the South of Sakhalin is latitudinal — sublatitudinal horizontal compression. The field forming the morphology of the Pugachev and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcanoes, as well as the shape of their lithoclastite fields, fully corresponds to the nature of this state, which is confirmed by the analysis of satellite images.The images were used to supplement the results of previous researchers on the study of the directions of the gryphon bands and to measure deformation of volcano lithoclastite fields. The Pugachev volcano lithoclastite fields bend strikes 25°, and that of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano strikes 30°, which well corresponds to the regional tectonic stress field. The expediency of using remote (satellite) methods as an supplement to geological and geophysical methods, in particular borehole caliper, is shown.

Published
2024
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11. Coulomb drag and heat transfer in strange metals

Author

Chudnovskiy, A. L., Levchenko, Alex, and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We address Coulomb drag and near-field heat transfer in a double-layer system of incoherent metals. Each layer is modeled by an array of tunnel-coupled SYK dots with random inter-layer interactions. Depending on the strength of intra-dot interactions and inter-dot tunneling, this model captures the crossover from the Fermi liquid to a strange metal phase. The absence of quasiparticles in the strange metal leads to temperature-independent drag resistivity, which is in strong contrast with the quadratic temperature dependence in the Fermi liquid regime. We show that all the parameters can be independently measured in near-field heat transfer experiments, performed in Fermi liquid and strange metal regimes., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures + Supplemental Material

Published
2023
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12. Anatomy of topological Anderson transitions

Author

Zhang, Hao and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We study mesoscopic signatures of the topological Anderson transitions in topological disordered chains. To this end we introduce an integer-valued sample-specific definition of the topological index in finite size systems. Its phase diagram exhibits a fascinating structure of intermittent topological phases, dubbed topological islands. Their existence is rooted in the real zeros of the underlying random polynomial. Their statistics exhibits finite-size scaling, pointing to the location of the bulk topological Anderson transition. While the average theories in AIII and BDI symmetry classes are rather similar, the corresponding patterns of topological islands and their statistics are qualitatively different. We also discuss observable signatures of sharp topological transitions in mesoscopic systems, such as persistent currents and entanglement spectra., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2023
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13. Field Theory of Many-Body Lindbladian Dynamics

Author

Thompson, Foster and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantum Physics
Abstract

We review and further develop the Keldysh functional integral technique for the study of Lindbladian evolution of many-body driven-dissipative quantum systems. A systematic and pedagogical account of the dynamics of generic bosonic and fermionic Lindbladians is presented. Our particular emphasis is on unique properties of the stationary distribution function, determined by the Lyapunov equation. This framework is applied to study examples of Lindbladian dynamics in the context of band theory, disorder, collisionless collective modes, and mean-field theory.

Published
2023
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16. Power Consumption Analysis as a Detection Indicator for Cyberattacks on Smart Home Devices

Author

Schorr, Victoria, Kamenev, Nikolai, Bleistein, Thomas, Werth, Dirk, Wendzel, Steffen, Weigold, Thomas, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Jørgensen, Bo Nørregaard, editor, da Silva, Luiz Carlos Pereira, editor, and Ma, Zheng, editor

Published
2024
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17. Disordered Graphene Ribbons as Topological Multicritical Systems

Author

Kasturirangan, Saumitran, Kamenev, Alex, and Burnell, Fiona J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The low energy spectrum of a zigzag graphene ribbon contains two gapless bands with highly non-linear dispersion, $\epsilon(k)=\pm |\pi-k|^W$, where $W$ is the width of the ribbon. The corresponding states are located at the two opposite zigzag edges. Their presence reflects the fact that the clean ribbon is a quasi one dimensional system naturally fine-tuned to the topological {\em multicritical} point. This quantum critical point separates a topologically trivial phase from the topological one with the index $W$. Here we investigate the influence of the (chiral) symmetry-preserving disorder on such a multicritical point. We show that the system harbors delocalized states with the localization length diverging at zero energy in a manner consistent with the $W=1$ critical point. The same is true regarding the density of states (DOS), which exhibits the universal Dyson singularity, despite the clean DOS being substantially dependent on $W$. On the other hand, the zero-energy localization length critical exponent, associated with the lattice staggering, is not universal and depends on the topological index $W$., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures

Published
2022
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23. Fault kinematics of Sakhalin Island based on geological and seismological data

Author

Pavel A. Kamenev, Vladislav A. Degtyarev, Olga A. Zherdeva, and Yury V. Kostrov

Subjects
fault, thrust, normal fault, strike-slip fault, gis, digital map, sakhalin, earthquake focal mechanisms, Dynamic and structural geology, QE500-639.5, Stratigraphy, QE640-699, Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction, TA703-712, Petrology, QE420-499
Abstract

The paper presents a tectonic map of Sakhalin Island showing digitized faults derived from 1:1,000,000 scale tectonic maps and identified by geological surveys (detailed on 1:200,000 and 1:50,000 scale maps). The structural geological data on the kinematics of faults have been compared with seismological data on the earthquake focal mechanisms. A reasonable correspondence of these data has been obtained. The predominant kinematic type of faults is thrust/throw in the southern and northern parts of Sakhalin Island. In the central part of Sakhalin, a mixing of fault kinematic types is observed, mainly thrust faults with rare normal and strike-slip faults. Two uninformative zones have been identified with virtually no data on both structural geology and seismology. The earthquake focal mechanisms with a strike-slip component are dominant at their boundaries.

Published
2024
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24. Superconductor--Insulator Transition in a non-Fermi Liquid

Author

Chudnovskiy, A. L. and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

We present a model of a strongly correlated system with a non-Fermi liquid high temperature phase. Its ground state undergoes an insulator to superconductor quantum phase transition (QPT) as a function of a pairing interaction strength. Both the insulator and the superconductor are originating from the same interaction mechanism. The resistivity in the insulating phase exhibits the activation behavior with the activation energy, which goes to zero at the QPT. This leads to a wide quantum critical regime with an algebraic temperature dependence of the resistivity. Upon raising the temperature in the superconducting phase, the model exhibits a finite temperature phase transition to a Bose metal phase, which separates the superconductor from the non-Fermi liquid metal., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures

Published
2022
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25. Decarbonisation Strategies for Sustainable Agricultural Development in Kazakhstan

Author

Marzhan A. Sadenova, Nail A. Beisekenov, Natalya A. Kulenova, Dinmukhammed Ye. Ualiyev, Yuri S. Kamenev, and Serik Khamzin

Subjects
Chemical engineering, TP155-156, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895
Abstract

In this study on the example of 2 agro-ecosystems located on opposite banks of the Irtysh River the content of organic carbon in soil and dynamics of its change for the period from 2001 to 2020 were studied. According to the results of the study, the estimated amount of organic carbon losses for the period from 2001 to 2020 from arable chernozem soils on both banks of the Irtysh River averaged 96×10³ kg C per year-¹ at Site 1 (right bank) and 87×10³ kg C per year-¹ at Site 2 (left bank). It was found that differential fertiliser application, use of organic topdressing and compost, mulching and introduction of 10-field crop rotation promoted soil organic carbon (SOC) conservation. Correlation between SOC value and soil resistance to drought, erosion and other unfavourable conditions was revealed. The possibility of effective forecasting and regulation of crop yields by using a combination of geographic information systems (GIS), SOC-modelling in the form of RothC and remote sensing data with the Trends.Earth tool has been substantiated. The proposed approach allows operational monitoring of SOC content and contributes to the successful implementation of a decarbonisation strategy for sustainable crop agriculture develo

Published
2024

26. Phantasus, a web application for visual and interactive gene expression analysis

Author

Maksim Kleverov, Daria Zenkova, Vladislav Kamenev, Margarita Sablina, Maxim N Artyomov, and Alexey A Sergushichev

Subjects
gene expression, visualization, interactive analysis, reanalysis, public data, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Transcriptomic profiling became a standard approach to quantify a cell state, which led to the accumulation of huge amount of public gene expression datasets. However, both reuse of these datasets or analysis of newly generated ones requires significant technical expertise. Here, we present Phantasus: a user-friendly web application for interactive gene expression analysis which provides a streamlined access to more than 96,000 public gene expression datasets, as well as allows analysis of user-uploaded datasets. Phantasus integrates an intuitive and highly interactive JavaScript-based heatmap interface with an ability to run sophisticated R-based analysis methods. Overall Phantasus allows users to go all the way from loading, normalizing, and filtering data to doing differential gene expression and downstream analysis. Phantasus can be accessed online at https://alserglab.wustl.edu/phantasus or can be installed locally from Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/phantasus). Phantasus source code is available at https://github.com/ctlab/phantasus under an MIT license.

Published
2024
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28. Patterns of fracturing placement in terrigenous rocks of Sakhalin Island

Author

Pavel A. Kamenev and Anton R. Lukmanov

Subjects
fracturing, terrigenous sedimentary rocks, tectonic stresses, sakhain island source rocks, siliceous reservoirs, unconventional reservoirs, Dynamic and structural geology, QE500-639.5, Stratigraphy, QE640-699, Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction, TA703-712, Petrology, QE420-499
Abstract

Within complex studies of properties of hydrocarbons source rocks in Sakhalin Island the first preliminary results on the correlations of relations between the fractures distribution and bed thickness were obtained. Numerous measurements of stratification bedding planes, thicknesses of beds and orientations of orthogonal fracturing systems for the Kholmsk formation were performed. The received relations are described by linear approximation and correspond to the global data obtained for similar types of rocks and bed thicknesses.

Published
2023
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29. Two parameter scaling in the crossover from symmetry class BDI to AI

Author

Kasturirangan, Saumitran, Kamenev, Alex, and Burnell, Fiona J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The transport statistics of the 1D chain and metallic armchair graphene nanoribbons with hopping disorder are studied, with a focus on understanding the cross-over between the zero-energy critical point and the localized regime at large energy. In this cross-over region, transport is found to be described by a 2-parameter scaling with the ratio $s$ of system size to mean-free-path, and the product $r$ of energy and scattering time. This 2-parameter scaling shows excellent data collapse across a wide a variety of system sizes, energies, and disorder strengths. The numerically obtained transport distributions in this regime are found to be well-described by a Nakagami distribution, whose form is controlled up to an overall scaling by the ratio $s / |\ln r|^2$. For sufficiently small values of this parameter, transport appears virtually identical to that of the zero-energy critical point, while at large values, a localized, Gaussian distribution is recovered. For intermediate values, the distribution interpolates smoothly between these two limits., Comment: 13 pages, 16 figures

Published
2021
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30. Qubit Decoherence and Symmetry Restoration through Real-Time Instantons

Author

Thompson, Foster and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, High Energy Physics - Theory, Quantum Physics
Abstract

A parametrically driven quantum oscillator, stabilized by a nonlinear dissipation, exhibits a spontaneous breaking of the parity symmetry. It results in the quantum bi-stability, corresponding to a Bloch sphere of dark states. This makes such a driven-dissipative system an attractive candidate for a qubit. The parity symmetry breaking is exact both on the classical level and within the quantum mechanical perturbation theory. Here we show that non-perturbative quantum effects lead to the symmetry restoration and result in exponentially small but finite qubit decoherence rate. Technically the symmetry restoration is due to real time instanton trajectories of the Keldysh path integral, which represents the Lindbladian evolution of the driven-dissipative oscillator., Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures

Published
2021
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31. Many-body localization enables iterative quantum optimization

Author

Wang, Hanteng, Yeh, Hsiu-Chung, and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Abstract

We suggest an iterative quantum protocol, allowing to solve optimization problems with a glassy energy landscape. It is based on a periodic cycling around the tricritical point of the many-body localization transition. This ensures that each iteration leads to a non-exponentially small probability to find a lower local energy minimum. The other key ingredient is to tailor the cycle parameters to a currently achieved optimal state (the "reference" state) and to reset them once a deeper minimum is found. We show that, if the position of the tricritical point is known, the algorithm allows to approach the absolute minimum with any given precision in a polynomial time., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2021
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32. Three-wall piston-cylinder type pressure cell for muon-spin rotation/relaxation experiments

Author

Khasanov, Rustem, Urquhart, Ross, Elender, Matthias, and Kamenev, Konstantin

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

A three-wall piston-cylinder type high pressure cell for muon-spin rotation/relaxation experiments was designed, manufactured, tested and commissioned. The outer cylinder of the cell body is made from MP35N and the middle and the inner cylinders are made from NiCrAl nonmagnetic alloys. The mechanical design and performance of the pressure cell are evaluated and optimised using finite-element analysis. The outcomes of the experimental testing closely match the modelling results. The high-pressure cell is shown to reach pressures of up to 3.3 GPa at ambient temperature, corresponding to 3.0 GPa at low temperatures, without irreversible damage., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures

Published
2021
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33. PredictionNet: Real-Time Joint Probabilistic Traffic Prediction for Planning, Control, and Simulation

Author

Kamenev, Alexey, Wang, Lirui, Bohan, Ollin Boer, Kulkarni, Ishwar, Kartal, Bilal, Molchanov, Artem, Birchfield, Stan, Nistér, David, and Smolyanskiy, Nikolai

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Machine Learning, 68T07 (Primary) 68T37, 68T40 (Secondary), I.2.9, I.2.6, I.6
Abstract

Predicting the future motion of traffic agents is crucial for safe and efficient autonomous driving. To this end, we present PredictionNet, a deep neural network (DNN) that predicts the motion of all surrounding traffic agents together with the ego-vehicle's motion. All predictions are probabilistic and are represented in a simple top-down rasterization that allows an arbitrary number of agents. Conditioned on a multi-layer map with lane information, the network outputs future positions, velocities, and backtrace vectors jointly for all agents including the ego-vehicle in a single pass. Trajectories are then extracted from the output. The network can be used to simulate realistic traffic, and it produces competitive results on popular benchmarks. More importantly, it has been used to successfully control a real-world vehicle for hundreds of kilometers, by combining it with a motion planning/control subsystem. The network runs faster than real-time on an embedded GPU, and the system shows good generalization (across sensory modalities and locations) due to the choice of input representation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that by extending the DNN with reinforcement learning (RL), it can better handle rare or unsafe events like aggressive maneuvers and crashes., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted to ICRA 2022 conference, for associated video file, see https://youtu.be/C7Nb3DRjFP0

Published
2021

34. Emptiness Formation in Polytropic Quantum Liquids

Author

Yeh, Hsiu-Chung, Gangardt, Dimitri M., and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We study large deviations in interacting quantum liquids with the polytropic equation of state $P(\rho)\sim \rho^\gamma$, where $\rho$ is density and $P$ is pressure. By solving hydrodynamic equations in imaginary time we evaluate the instanton action and calculate the emptiness formation probability (EFP), the probability that no particle resides in a macroscopic interval of a given size. Analytic solutions are found for a certain infinite sequence of rational polytropic indexes $\gamma$ and the result can be analytically continued to any value of $\gamma\ge 1$. Our findings agree with (and significantly expand on) previously known analytical and numerical results for EFP in quantum liquids. We also discuss interesting universal spacetime features of the instanton solution.

Published
2021
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36. Giant Change in Electrical Resistivity Induced by Moderate Pressure in Pt(bqd)2 – First Candidate Material for an Organic Piezoelectronic Transistor (OPET)

Author

Sergejs Afanasjevs, Helen Benjamin, Konstantin Kamenev, and Neil Robertson

Subjects
conductivity, organic, piezoelectronic, pressure, Transistor, Electric apparatus and materials. Electric circuits. Electric networks, TK452-454.4, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Abstract The piezoelectronic transistor (PET) has been proposed to overcome the voltage and clock speed limitations of conventional field‐effect transistors (FET). In a PET, voltage is transduced to stress, which leads to an insulator‐metal transition in a piezo‐resistive (PR) element. Although the simulated switching speeds are promising, the viable candidates proposed so far for the PR layer are rare earth compounds that require several GPa of pressure (P) to metalize, necessitating breakthroughs in transduction mechanism scaling and processing. Here, a PR candidate that metalizes in the 0–300 MPa range – the transition metal complex platinum benzoquinonedioximato (Pt(bqd)2) is demonstrated. Such electrical sensitivity to the application of P arises when the material is grown as a thin film with the preferred needle orientation perpendicular to the substrate. As evidence, a combination of hydrostatic and uniaxial pressure studies is provided. The former studies are produced on the compressed powder pellet in a specially developed piston‐cylinder cell (P‐C cell) under variable temperatures (T) and P. The latter is via thin film deposition and uniaxial resistivity (ρ) measurements and these revealed the high potential of this material for the PET concept.

Published
2024
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37. Quasiparticle scattering in a superconductor near a nematic critical point: resonance mode and multiple attractive channels

Author

Pimenov, Dimitri, Kamenev, Alex, and Chubukov, Andrey V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We analyze the scattering rate for 2D fermions interacting via soft nematic fluctuations. The ground state is an s-wave superconductor, but other pairing channels are almost equally attractive. This strongly alters the scattering rate: At energies beyond the pairing gap $\Delta$, it is renormalized by contributions from all pairing channels. At energies of order $\Delta$, it is determined by the competition between scattering into a gapped continuum and dispersing nematic resonance. The outcome is a "peak-peak-dip-hump" spectrum, similar, but not identical, to the "peak-dip-hump" structure in the cuprates., Comment: journal version; 4+5 pages

Published
2021
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39. One-dimensional scattering of two-dimensional fermions near quantum criticality

Author

Pimenov, Dimitri, Kamenev, Alex, and Chubukov, Andrey V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

Forward and backscattering play an exceptional role in the physics of two-dimensional interacting fermions. In a Fermi liquid, both give rise to a non-analytic $\omega^2 \log(\omega)$ form of the fermionic scattering rate at second order in the interaction. Here we argue that higher powers of $\log(\omega)$ appearin the backscattering contribution at higher orders. We show that these terms come from "planar" processes, which are effectively one-dimensional. This is explicitly demonstated by extending a Fermi liquid to the limit of $N \gg 1$ fermionic flavors, when only planar processes survive. We sum the leading logarithms for the case of a 2D Fermi liquid near a nematic transition and obtain an expression for the scattering rate at $T=0$ to all orders in the interaction. For a repulsive interaction, the resulting rate is logarithmically suppressed, and the result is valid down to $\omega = 0$. For an attractive interaction, the ground state is an $s$-wave superconductor with a gap $\Delta_0$. We show that in this case the scattering rate increases as $\omega$ is reduced towards $\Delta_0$. At $\omega \geq \Delta_0$, the behavior of the scattering rate is rather unconventional as many pairing channels compete near a nematic critical point, and $s$-wave wins only by a narrow margin. We take superconductivity into consideration and obtain the scattering rate also at smaller $\omega \simeq \Delta_0$., Comment: 21 pages; journal version

Published
2021
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40. Recursive Decoding of Reed-Muller Codes Starting With the Higher-Rate Constituent Code

Author

Kamenev, Mikhail

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

Recursive list decoding of Reed-Muller (RM) codes, with moderate list size, is known to approach maximum-likelihood (ML) performance of short length $(\leq 256)$ RM codes. Recursive decoding employs the Plotkin construction to split the original code into two shorter RM codes with different rates. In contrast to the standard approach which decodes the lower-rate code first, the method in this paper decodes the higher-rate code first. This modification enables an efficient permutation-based decoding technique, with permutations being selected on the fly from the automorphism group of the code using soft information from a channel. Simulation results show that the error-rate performance of the proposed algorithms, enhanced by a permutation selection technique, is close to that of the automorphism-based recursive decoding algorithm with similar complexity for short RM codes, while our decoders perform better for longer RM codes. In particular, it is demonstrated that the proposed algorithms achieve near-ML performance for short RM codes and for RM codes of length $2^m$ and order $m - 3$ with reasonable complexity., Comment: Accepted for Publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. This paper has been presented in part at the 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)

Published
2021

41. Heat capacities of nanostructured wurtzite and rock salt ZnO: challenges of ZnO nano-phase diagram

Author

Kamenev, Konstantin V., Courac, Alexandre, Sokolov, Petr S., Baranov, Andrei N., Sharikov, Felix Yu., and Solozhenko, Vladimir L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Low-temperature heat capacities (Cp) of nanostructured rock salt (rs-ZnO) and wurtzite (w-ZnO) polymorphs of zinc oxide were measured in the 2-315 K temperature range. No significant influence of nanostructuring on Cp of w-ZnO has been observed. The measured Cp of rock salt ZnO is lower than that of wurtzite ZnO below 100 K and is higher above this temperature. Using available thermodynamic data, we established that the equilibrium pressure between nanocrystalline w-ZnO and rs-ZnO is close to 4.6 GPa at 300 K (half as much as the onset pressure of direct phase transformation) and slightly changes with temperature up to 1000 K.

Published
2021
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42. Dynamics of ion channels via non-Hermitian quantum mechanics

Author

Gulden, Tobias and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We study dynamics and thermodynamics of ion channels, considered as effective 1D Coulomb systems. The long range nature of the inter-ion interactions comes about due to the dielectric constants mismatch between the water and lipids, confining the electric filed to stay mostly within the water-filled channel. Statistical mechanics of such Coulomb systems is dominated by entropic effects which may be accurately accounted for by mapping onto an effective quantum mechanics. In presence of multivalent ions the corresponding quantum mechanics appears to be non-Hermitian. In this review we discuss a framework for semiclassical calculations for corresponding non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Non-Hermiticity elevates WKB action integrals from the real line to closed cycles on a complex Riemann surfaces where direct calculations are not attainable. We circumvent this issue by applying tools from algebraic topology, such as the Picard-Fuchs equation. We discuss how its solutions relate to the thermodynamics and correlation functions of multivalent solutions within long water-filled channels., Comment: Invited review, submitted to "Entropy"

Published
2020
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43. Displacement-Invariant Cost Computation for Efficient Stereo Matching

Author

Zhong, Yiran, Loop, Charles, Byeon, Wonmin, Birchfield, Stan, Dai, Yuchao, Zhang, Kaihao, Kamenev, Alexey, Breuel, Thomas, Li, Hongdong, and Kautz, Jan

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Although deep learning-based methods have dominated stereo matching leaderboards by yielding unprecedented disparity accuracy, their inference time is typically slow, on the order of seconds for a pair of 540p images. The main reason is that the leading methods employ time-consuming 3D convolutions applied to a 4D feature volume. A common way to speed up the computation is to downsample the feature volume, but this loses high-frequency details. To overcome these challenges, we propose a \emph{displacement-invariant cost computation module} to compute the matching costs without needing a 4D feature volume. Rather, costs are computed by applying the same 2D convolution network on each disparity-shifted feature map pair independently. Unlike previous 2D convolution-based methods that simply perform context mapping between inputs and disparity maps, our proposed approach learns to match features between the two images. We also propose an entropy-based refinement strategy to refine the computed disparity map, which further improves speed by avoiding the need to compute a second disparity map on the right image. Extensive experiments on standard datasets (SceneFlow, KITTI, ETH3D, and Middlebury) demonstrate that our method achieves competitive accuracy with much less inference time. On typical image sizes, our method processes over 100 FPS on a desktop GPU, making our method suitable for time-critical applications such as autonomous driving. We also show that our approach generalizes well to unseen datasets, outperforming 4D-volumetric methods., Comment: 8 pages

Published
2020

46. Search for CP violating top quark couplings in pp collisions at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 13 TeV

Author

The CMS collaboration, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, A. Escalante Del Valle, R. Frühwirth, M. Jeitler, N. Krammer, L. Lechner, D. Liko, I. Mikulec, F. M. Pitters, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring, S. Templ, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz, M. Zarucki, M. R. Darwish, E. A. De Wolf, T. Janssen, T. Kello, A. Lelek, M. Pieters, H. Rejeb Sfar, P. Van Mechelen, S. Van Putte, N. Van Remortel, F. Blekman, E. S. Bols, J. D’Hondt, J. De Clercq, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, A. Morton, D. Müller, A. R. Sahasransu, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders, D. Beghin, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, B. Dorney, L. Favart, A. Grebenyuk, A. K. Kalsi, K. Lee, I. Makarenko, L. Moureaux, L. Pétré, A. Popov, N. Postiau, E. Starling, L. Thomas, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, L. Wezenbeek, T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, M. Gruchala, I. Khvastunov, G. Mestdach, M. Niedziela, C. Roskas, K. Skovpen, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit, A. Bethani, G. Bruno, F. Bury, C. Caputo, P. David, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt, I. S. Donertas, A. Giammanco, V. Lemaitre, K. Mondal, J. Prisciandaro, A. Taliercio, M. Teklishyn, P. Vischia, S. Wertz, S. Wuyckens, G. A. Alves, C. Hensel, A. Moraes, W. L. Aldá Júnior, E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, H. BRANDAO MALBOUISSON, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E. Coelho, E. M. Da Costa, G. G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, J. Martins, D. Matos Figueiredo, C. Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, P. Rebello Teles, L. J. Sanchez Rosas, A. Santoro, S. M. Silva Do Amaral, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, A. Vilela Pereira, C. A. Bernardes, L. Calligaris, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E. M. Gregores, D. S. Lemos, P. G. Mercadante, S. F. Novaes, Sandra S. Padula, A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, I. Atanassov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, T. Ivanov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov, T. Cheng, W. Fang, Q. Guo, M. Mittal, H. Wang, L. Yuan, M. Ahmad, G. Bauer, Z. Hu, Y. Wang, K. Yi, E. Chapon, G. M. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. Chen, T. Javaid, A. Kapoor, D. Leggat, H. Liao, Z.-A. Liu, R. Sharma, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, J. Thomas-Wilsker, J. Wang, H. Zhang, S. Zhang, J. Zhao, A. Agapitos, Y. Ban, C. Chen, Q. Huang, A. Levin, Q. Li, M. Lu, X. Lyu, Y. Mao, S. J. Qian, D. Wang, Q. Wang, J. Xiao, Z. You, X. Gao, H. Okawa, M. Xiao, C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C. Florez, J. Fraga, A. Sarkar, M. A. Segura Delgado, J. Jaramillo, J. Mejia Guisao, F. Ramirez, J. D. Ruiz Alvarez, C. A. Salazar González, N. Vanegas Arbelaez, D. Giljanovic, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac, T. Sculac, V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, D. Majumder, M. Roguljic, A. Starodumov, T. Susa, M. W. Ather, A. Attikis, E. Erodotou, A. Ioannou, G. Kole, M. Kolosova, S. Konstantinou, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P. A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski, H. Saka, D. Tsiakkouri, M. Finger, A. Kveton, J. Tomsa, E. Ayala, E. Carrera Jarrin, A. A. Abdelalim, S. Abu Zeid, S. Elgammal, A. Lotfy, M. A. Mahmoud, S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R. K. Dewanjee, K. Ehataht, M. Kadastik, J. Pata, M. Raidal, C. Veelken, P. Eerola, L. Forthomme, H. Kirschenmann, K. Osterberg, M. Voutilainen, E. Brücken, F. Garcia, J. Havukainen, V. Karimäki, M. S. Kim, R. Kinnunen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, H. Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi, P. Luukka, T. Tuuva, C. Amendola, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J. L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, B. Lenzi, E. Locci, J. Malcles, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M. Ö. Sahin, A. Savoy-Navarro, M. Titov, G. B. Yu, S. Ahuja, F. Beaudette, M. Bonanomi, A. Buchot Perraguin, P. Busson, C. Charlot, O. Davignon, B. Diab, G. Falmagne, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Hakimi, I. Kucher, A. Lobanov, C. Martin Perez, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, P. Paganini, J. Rembser, R. Salerno, J. B. Sauvan, Y. Sirois, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche, J.-L. Agram, J. Andrea, D. Bloch, G. Bourgatte, J.-M. Brom, E. C. Chabert, C. Collard, J.-C. Fontaine, U. Goerlach, C. Grimault, A.-C. Le Bihan, P. Van Hove, E. Asilar, S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, C. Camen, A. Carle, N. Chanon, D. Contardo, P. Depasse, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, B. Ille, Sa. Jain, I. B. Laktineh, H. Lattaud, A. Lesauvage, M. Lethuillier, L. Mirabito, K. Shchablo, L. Torterotot, G. Touquet, M. Vander Donckt, S. Viret, A. Khvedelidze, Z. Tsamalaidze, L. Feld, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, D. Meuser, A. Pauls, M. P. Rauch, J. Schulz, M. Teroerde, D. Eliseev, M. Erdmann, P. Fackeldey, B. Fischer, S. Ghosh, T. Hebbeker, K. Hoepfner, H. Keller, L. Mastrolorenzo, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, G. Mocellin, S. Mondal, S. Mukherjee, D. Noll, A. Novak, T. Pook, A. Pozdnyakov, Y. Rath, H. Reithler, J. Roemer, A. Schmidt, S. C. Schuler, A. Sharma, S. Wiedenbeck, S. Zaleski, C. Dziwok, G. Flügge, W. Haj Ahmad, O. Hlushchenko, T. Kress, A. Nowack, C. Pistone, O. Pooth, D. Roy, H. Sert, A. Stahl, T. Ziemons, H. Aarup Petersen, M. Aldaya Martin, P. Asmuss, I. Babounikau, S. Baxter, O. Behnke, A. Bermúdez Martínez, A. A. Bin Anuar, K. Borras, V. Botta, D. Brunner, A. Campbell, A. Cardini, P. Connor, S. Consuegra Rodríguez, V. Danilov, A. De Wit, M. M. Defranchis, L. Didukh, D. Domínguez Damiani, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, L. I. Estevez Banos, E. Gallo, A. Geiser, A. Giraldi, A. Grohsjean, M. Guthoff, A. Harb, A. Jafari, N. Z. Jomhari, A. Kasem, M. Kasemann, H. Kaveh, C. Kleinwort, J. Knolle, D. Krücker, W. Lange, T. Lenz, J. Lidrych, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann, T. Madlener, R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, J. Metwally, A. B. Meyer, M. Meyer, J. Mnich, A. Mussgiller, V. Myronenko, Y. Otarid, D. Pérez Adán, S. K. Pflitsch, D. Pitzl, A. Raspereza, A. Saggio, A. Saibel, M. Savitskyi, V. Scheurer, C. Schwanenberger, A. Singh, R. E. Sosa Ricardo, N. Tonon, O. Turkot, A. Vagnerini, M. Van De Klundert, R. Walsh, D. Walter, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, C. Wissing, S. Wuchterl, O. Zenaiev, R. Zlebcik, R. Aggleton, S. Bein, L. Benato, A. Benecke, K. De Leo, T. Dreyer, M. Eich, F. Feindt, A. Fröhlich, C. Garbers, E. Garutti, P. Gunnellini, J. Haller, A. Hinzmann, A. Karavdina, G. Kasieczka, R. Klanner, R. Kogler, V. Kutzner, J. Lange, T. Lange, A. Malara, C. E. N. Niemeyer, A. Nigamova, K. J. Pena Rodriguez, O. Rieger, P. Schleper, S. Schumann, J. Schwandt, D. Schwarz, J. Sonneveld, H. Stadie, G. Steinbrück, A. Tews, B. Vormwald, I. Zoi, J. Bechtel, T. Berger, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek, W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, A. Droll, K. El Morabit, N. Faltermann, K. Flöh, M. Giffels, J. o. Gosewisch, A. Gottmann, F. Hartmann, C. Heidecker, U. Husemann, I. Katkov, P. Keicher, R. Koppenhöfer, S. Maier, M. Metzler, S. Mitra, Th. Müller, M. Musich, M. Neukum, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, J. Rauser, D. Savoiu, D. Schäfer, M. Schnepf, M. Schröder, D. Seith, I. Shvetsov, H. J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, J. Van Der Linden, R. F. Von Cube, M. Wassmer, M. Weber, S. Wieland, R. Wolf, S. Wozniewski, S. Wunsch, G. Anagnostou, P. Asenov, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, G. Paspalaki, A. Stakia, M. Diamantopoulou, D. Karasavvas, G. Karathanasis, P. Kontaxakis, C. K. Koraka, A. Manousakis-Katsikakis, A. Panagiotou, I. Papavergou, N. Saoulidou, K. Theofilatos, E. Tziaferi, K. Vellidis, E. Vourliotis, G. Bakas, K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, G. Tsipolitis, A. Zacharopoulou, I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, P. Gianneios, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, K. Manitara, N. Manthos, I. Papadopoulos, J. Strologas, M. Csanád, M. M. A. Gadallah, S. Lökös, P. Major, K. Mandal, A. Mehta, G. Pásztor, O. Surányi, G. I. Veres, M. Bartók, G. Bencze, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath, F. Sikler, V. Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi, S. Czellar, J. Karancsi, J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi, D. Teyssier, P. Raics, Z. L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari, T. Csorgo, F. Nemes, T. Novak, S. Choudhury, J. R. Komaragiri, D. Kumar, L. Panwar, P. C. Tiwari, S. Bansal, S. B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, G. Chaudhary, S. Chauhan, N. Dhingra, R. Gupta, A. Kaur, S. Kaur, P. Kumari, M. Meena, K. Sandeep, J. B. Singh, A. K. Virdi, A. Ahmed, A. Bhardwaj, B. C. Choudhary, R. B. Garg, M. Gola, S. Keshri, A. Kumar, M. Naimuddin, P. Priyanka, K. Ranjan, A. Shah, M. Bharti, R. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, D. Bhowmik, S. Dutta, B. Gomber, M. Maity, S. Nandan, P. Palit, P. K. Rout, G. Saha, B. Sahu, S. Sarkar, M. Sharan, B. Singh, S. Thakur, P. K. Behera, S. C. Behera, P. Kalbhor, A. Muhammad, R. Pradhan, P. R. Pujahari, A. K. Sikdar, D. Dutta, V. Jha, V. Kumar, D. K. Mishra, K. Naskar, P. K. Netrakanti, L. M. Pant, P. Shukla, T. Aziz, S. Dugad, G. B. Mohanty, U. Sarkar, S. Banerjee, S. Chatterjee, R. Chudasama, M. Guchait, S. Karmakar, S. Kumar, G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, S. Bahinipati, D. Dash, C. Kar, P. Mal, T. Mishra, V. K. Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu, A. Nayak, N. Sur, S. K. Swain, S. Dube, B. Kansal, S. Pandey, A. Rane, A. Rastogi, S. Sharma, H. Bakhshiansohi, M. Zeinali, S. Chenarani, S. M. Etesami, M. Khakzad, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi, M. Felcini, M. Grunewald, M. Abbrescia, R. Aly, C. Aruta, A. Colaleo, D. Creanza, N. De Filippis, M. De Palma, A. Di Florio, A. Di Pilato, W. Elmetenawee, L. Fiore, A. Gelmi, M. Gul, G. Iaselli, M. Ince, S. Lezki, G. Maggi, M. Maggi, I. Margjeka, V. Mastrapasqua, J. A. Merlin, S. My, S. Nuzzo, A. Pompili, G. Pugliese, A. Ranieri, G. Selvaggi, L. Silvestris, F. M. Simone, R. Venditti, P. Verwilligen, G. Abbiendi, C. Battilana, D. Bonacorsi, L. Borgonovi, S. Braibant-Giacomelli, R. Campanini, P. Capiluppi, A. Castro, F. R. Cavallo, C. Ciocca, M. Cuffiani, G. M. Dallavalle, T. Diotalevi, F. Fabbri, A. Fanfani, E. Fontanesi, P. Giacomelli, L. Giommi, C. Grandi, L. Guiducci, F. Iemmi, S. Lo Meo, S. Marcellini, G. Masetti, F. L. Navarria, A. Perrotta, F. Primavera, A. M. Rossi, T. Rovelli, G. P. Siroli, N. Tosi, S. Albergo, S. Costa, A. Di Mattia, R. Potenza, A. Tricomi, C. Tuve, G. Barbagli, A. Cassese, R. Ceccarelli, V. Ciulli, C. Civinini, R. D’Alessandro, F. Fiori, E. Focardi, G. Latino, P. Lenzi, M. Lizzo, M. Meschini, S. Paoletti, R. Seidita, G. Sguazzoni, L. Viliani, L. Benussi, S. Bianco, D. Piccolo, M. Bozzo, F. Ferro, R. Mulargia, E. Robutti, S. Tosi, A. Benaglia, A. Beschi, F. Brivio, F. Cetorelli, V. Ciriolo, F. De Guio, M. E. Dinardo, P. Dini, S. Gennai, A. Ghezzi, P. Govoni, L. Guzzi, M. Malberti, S. Malvezzi, A. Massironi, D. Menasce, F. Monti, L. Moroni, M. Paganoni, D. Pedrini, S. Ragazzi, T. Tabarelli de Fatis, D. Valsecchi, D. Zuolo, S. Buontempo, N. Cavallo, A. De Iorio, F. Fabozzi, F. Fienga, A. O. M. Iorio, L. Lista, S. Meola, P. Paolucci, B. Rossi, C. Sciacca, P. Azzi, N. Bacchetta, D. Bisello, P. Bortignon, A. Bragagnolo, R. Carlin, P. Checchia, P. De Castro Manzano, T. Dorigo, F. Gasparini, U. Gasparini, S. Y. Hoh, L. Layer, M. Margoni, A. T. Meneguzzo, M. Presilla, P. Ronchese, R. Rossin, F. Simonetto, G. Strong, M. Tosi, H. YARAR, M. Zanetti, P. Zotto, A. Zucchetta, G. Zumerle, C. Aime‘, A. 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Bellora, J. Berenguer Antequera, C. Biino, A. Cappati, N. Cartiglia, S. Cometti, M. Costa, R. Covarelli, N. Demaria, B. Kiani, F. Legger, C. Mariotti, S. Maselli, E. Migliore, V. Monaco, E. Monteil, M. Monteno, M. M. Obertino, G. Ortona, L. Pacher, N. Pastrone, M. Pelliccioni, G. L. Pinna Angioni, M. Ruspa, R. Salvatico, F. Siviero, V. Sola, A. Solano, D. Soldi, A. Staiano, M. Tornago, D. Trocino, S. Belforte, V. Candelise, M. Casarsa, F. Cossutti, A. Da Rold, G. Della Ricca, F. Vazzoler, S. Dogra, C. Huh, B. Kim, D. H. Kim, G. N. Kim, J. Lee, S. W. Lee, C. S. Moon, Y. D. Oh, S. I. Pak, B. C. Radburn-Smith, S. Sekmen, Y. C. Yang, H. Kim, D. H. Moon, B. Francois, T. J. Kim, J. Park, S. Cho, S. Choi, Y. Go, B. Hong, K. S. Lee, J. Lim, S. K. Park, J. Yoo, J. Goh, A. Gurtu, H. S. Kim, Y. Kim, J. Almond, J. H. Bhyun, J. Choi, S. Jeon, J. Kim, J. S. Kim, S. Ko, H. Kwon, H. Lee, S. Lee, K. Nam, B. H. Oh, M. Oh, S. B. Oh, H. Seo, U. K. Yang, I. Yoon, D. Jeon, J. H. Kim, B. Ko, J. S. H. 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Bakshi, V. E. Barnes, R. Chawla, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A. W. Jung, S. Karmarkar, M. Liu, G. Negro, N. Neumeister, C. C. Peng, S. Piperov, A. Purohit, J. F. Schulte, M. Stojanovic, F. Wang, A. Wildridge, R. Xiao, W. Xie, J. Dolen, N. Parashar, A. Baty, S. Dildick, K. M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F. J. M. Geurts, W. Li, B. P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Roberts, W. Shi, A. G. Stahl Leiton, A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, J. L. Dulemba, C. Fallon, T. Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, E. Ranken, R. Taus, B. Chiarito, J. P. Chou, A. Gandrakota, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, A. Hart, M. Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, O. Karacheban, I. Laflotte, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. A. Thayil, S. Thomas, H. Acharya, A. G. Delannoy, S. Spanier, O. Bouhali, M. Dalchenko, A. Delgado, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon, S. Luo, S. Malhotra, R. Mueller, D. Overton, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, V. Hegde, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, A. Whitbeck, E. Appelt, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K. Padeken, F. Romeo, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, M. W. Arenton, B. Cox, G. Cummings, J. Hakala, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, A. Li, C. Neu, B. Tannenwald, E. Wolfe, P. E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, P. Thapa, K. Black, T. Bose, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, S. Dasu, I. De Bruyn, P. Everaerts, C. Galloni, H. He, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, A. Lanaro, A. Loeliger, R. Loveless, J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, A. Mallampalli, A. Mohammadi, D. Pinna, A. Savin, V. Shang, W. H. Smith, D. Teague, S. Trembath-Reichert, W. Vetens, S. Afanasiev, V. Andreev, Yu. Andreev, T. Aushev, M. Azarkin, A. Babaev, V. Blinov, E. Boos, V. Borchsh, D. Budkouski, V. Bunichev, P. Bunin, O. Bychkova, M. Chadeeva, V. Chekhovsky, A. Dermenev, T. Dimova, I. Dremin, M. Dubinin, L. Dudko, V. Epshteyn, A. Ershov, M. Gavrilenko, G. Gavrilov, V. Gavrilov, S. Gninenko, V. Golovtcov, N. Golubev, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, A. Iuzhakov, V. Ivanchenko, Y. Ivanov, V. Kachanov, A. Kalinin, A. Kamenev, L. Kardapoltsev, V. Karjavine, A. Karneyeu, V. Kim, M. Kirakosyan, M. Kirsanov, V. Klyukhin, D. Konstantinov, N. Korneeva, N. Krasnikov, E. Kuznetsova, A. Lanev, A. Litomin, N. Lychkovskaya, V. Makarenko, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev, V. Murzin, A. Nikitenko, S. Obraztsov, V. Okhotnikov, V. Oreshkin, I. Ovtin, V. Palichik, A. Pashenkov, V. Perelygin, M. Perfilov, D. Philippov, G. Pivovarov, V. Popov, E. Popova, V. Rusinov, G. Safronov, M. Savina, V. Savrin, D. Seitova, V. Shalaev, S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, Y. Skovpen, I. Smirnov, V. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, A. Spiridonov, A. Stepennov, L. Sukhikh, V. Sulimov, E. Tcherniaev, A. Terkulov, O. Teryaev, D. Tlisov, M. Toms, A. Toropin, L. Uvarov, A. Uzunian, E. Vlasov, P. Volkov, S. Volkov, A. Vorobyev, N. Voytishin, A. Zarubin, I. Zhizhin, and A. Zhokin

Subjects
CP Violation, Hadron-Hadron Scattering, Top Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract Results are presented from a search for CP violation in top quark pair production, using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data used for this analysis consist of final states with two charged leptons collected by the CMS experiment, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb −1. The search uses two observables, O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ 1 and O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ 3, which are Lorentz scalars. The observable O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ 1 is constructed from the four-momenta of the charged leptons and the reconstructed top quarks, while O $$ \mathcal{O} $$ 3 consists of the four-momenta of the charged leptons and the b quarks originating from the top quarks. Asymmetries in these observables are sensitive to CP violation, and their measurement is used to determine the chromoelectric dipole moment of the top quark. The results are consistent with the expectation from the standard model.

Published
2023
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47. Observations of the inverse seismoelectric effect of the second kind during electrical sounding in the Central Sakhalin fault zone

Author

Leonid M. Bogomolov, Dmitry V. Kostylev, Natalya V. Kostyleva, Sergey A. Gulyakov, Ilya P. Dudchenko, Pavel A. Kamenev, and Nikolay S. Stovbun

Subjects
electrical sounding, seismic noise, medium seismoacoustic reaction, seismoelectric effect, Dynamic and structural geology, QE500-639.5, Stratigraphy, QE640-699, Engineering geology. Rock mechanics. Soil mechanics. Underground construction, TA703-712, Petrology, QE420-499
Abstract

The results of experiments on electrical sounding of the near-surface layer of the Earth's crust in the fault zone, which have involved a recording of seismoacoustic and seismic noise in the close zone near the source (the primary dipole source), are represented. The experiments were carried out in 2021–2022 in the southern part of the Central Sakhalin fault with the use of the generator of electric pulses developed at IMGG FEB RAS, output electric power being up to 3 kW. The aim was to reveal seismoacoustic signatures of the medium reaction to the soundings with current pulses of 5–13 A. The generator provided significantly higher current in the dipole than its typical characteristics in the case of soundings for electrical exploration by resistance methods, as well as in the case of conventional seismic and electrical exploration. At the same time, the range of current amplitudes was much smaller in comparison with the case of a deep sounding based on application of geophysical MHD generators or other extra high-power electric pulses units. Up to now, the inverse seismoelectric effect has remained practically unexplored at currents in the “intermediate” range of ~10 A and scale lengths of the order of few hundreds of meters. The presence or absence of the medium reaction to electrical soundings was distinguished by the records of molecular-electronic sensors developed by R-sensors LLC: the CME-6111 broadband seismometer and the hydrophone, installed at a distance of about 50 m from one of the poles of the electric dipole source. An increase in the average level of seismoacoustic noise during electrical soundings was revealed, which is essentially a variety of the inverse seismoelectric effect of the second kind (excitation of elastic waves during an electric current run in a two-phase medium). Previously, no similar signature of medium reaction to the current pulses was noted in the close zone adjacent to one of the dipole electrodes. The noise level increase occurs almost without delay after the start of electrical soundings, and this is in accordance with the previously obtained results on the responses of seismic acoustic emission to powerful current pulses, which were used for a deep sounding in the Northern Tien Shan.

Published
2023

48. On Decoding of Reed-Muller Codes Using a Local Graph Search

Author

Kamenev, Mikhail

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

We present a novel iterative decoding algorithm for Reed-Muller (RM) codes, which takes advantage of a graph representation of the code. Vertices of the considered graph correspond to codewords, with two vertices being connected by an edge if and only if the Hamming distance between the corresponding codewords equals the minimum distance of the code. The algorithm uses a greedy local search to find a node optimizing a metric, e.g. the correlation between the received vector and the corresponding codeword. In addition, the cyclic redundancy check can be used to terminate the search as soon as a valid codeword is found, leading to an improvement in the average computational complexity of the algorithm. Simulation results for both binary symmetric channel and additive white Gaussian noise channel show that the presented decoder approaches the performance of maximum likelihood decoding for RM codes of length less than 1024 and for the second-order RM codes of length less than 4096. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the considered decoding approach outperforms state-of-the-art decoding algorithms of RM codes with similar computational complexity for a wide range of block lengths and rates., Comment: Accepted for Publication in IEEE Transactions on Communications. This paper has been presented in part at the 2020 IEEE Information Theory Workshop (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9457605)

Published
2020
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49. Plasmonic Tuning of the Near Field Heat Transfer in Double Layer Graphene

Author

Ying, Xuzhe and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter
Abstract

We discuss the non-radiative heat transfer in non-equilibrium double layer graphene system. We show that at the neutrality point the heat exchange is dominated by the inter-layer plasmon modes and derive analytic expressions for the heat current as a function of temperature and the interlayer separation. These results show that for a range of low temperatures the two graphene layers are much more efficient heat exchanger than conventional metals. The physical reason behind this phenomenon is the presence of inter-band excitations with a large energy, and a small momentum in graphene spectrum. Plasmonic mechanism of the heat transfer is sharply suppressed by electrostatic doping. This allows for tuning of the heat exchange by a small applied voltage between the two layers.

Published
2020
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50. Nature of Protected Zero Energy States in Penrose Quasicrystals

Author

Day-Roberts, Ezra, Fernandes, Rafael M., and Kamenev, Alex

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The electronic spectrum of the Penrose rhombus quasicrystal exhibits a macroscopic fraction of exactly degenerate zero energy states. In contrast to other bipartite quasicrystals, such as the kite-and-dart one, these zero energy states cannot be attributed to a global mismatch $\Delta n$ between the number of sites in the two sublattices that form the quasicrystal. Here, we argue that these zero energy states are instead related to a local mismatch $\Delta n(\bf r)$. Although $\Delta n(\bf r)$ averages to zero, its staggered average over self-organized domains gives the correct number of zero energy states. Physically, the local mismatch is related to a hidden structure of nested self-similar domains that support the zero energy states. This allows us to develop a real space renormalization-group scheme, which yields the scaling law for the fraction of zero energy states, $Z$, versus size of their support domain, $N$, as $Z\propto N^{-\eta}$ with $\eta =1-\ln 2/\ln(1+\tau) \approx 0.2798$ (where $\tau$ is the golden ratio). It also reproduces the known total fraction of the zero energy states, $81-50\tau\approx 0.0983$. We also show that the exact degeneracy of these states is protected against a wide variety of local perturbations, such as irregular or random hopping amplitudes, magnetic field, random dilution of the lattice, etc. We attribute this robustness to the hidden domain structure and speculate about its underlying topological origin., Comment: 12 pages, 18 figures

Published
2020
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