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Byline: Saikat. Dey, Ramachadra. Yelamanchi, Thrinath. Mullapudi, Vikram. Holla, Nitish. Kamble, Rohan. Mahale, Talakad. Sathyaprabha, Pramod. Pal, Monojit. Debnath, Ravi. Yadav Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is the most common [...]

Background: Exercise has been demonstrated to result in improvements in physical function, cognition, and quality of life in People with Parkinson's (PwP) but its adoption is variable. Objectives: To investigate exercise preferences, levels, influencing factors among a diverse Parkinson's disease (PD) population, to understand exercise adoption patterns and plan informed interventions. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey collected data through online platforms and paper‐based methods. The Exercise Index (ExI) calculated exercise level based on frequency and duration. Results: Of 2976 PwP, 40.6% exercised regularly, 38.3% occasionally, and 21.2% did not exercise. The overall mean ExI was 18.99 ± 12.37. Factors associated with high exercise levels included exercising in groups (ExI 24–26), weightlifting (ExI 27 (highest)), using muscle‐building equipment (ExI 25–26), and exercising at home following an app (ExI 26). A positive trend between ExI and varied exercise groups, locations, types, and equipment was observed. No expected benefit from exercise achieved the lowest ExI (8). Having at least two exercise‐promoting factors, a bachelor's degree or higher, receiving exercise advice at initial visits, and aged ≤40 years at PD onset were strong predictors of exercise (adjust OR = 7.814; 6.981; 4.170; 3.565). Falls and "other" most troublesome PD symptoms were negative predictors (aOR = 0.359; 0.466). Barriers to exercise did not predict the odds of exercise. Conclusions: The study shows that PwP's exercise behavior is influenced by their exercise belief, age at PD onset, doctor's advice at initial visits, education level, symptoms, and exercise‐promoting factors. High exercise levels were associated with certain types of exercises and exercising in groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Dipti. Baskar, Seena. Vengalil, Saraswati. Nashi, Nitish. Kamble, Atchayaram. Nalini Sir, Respiratory synkinesis (RS) is a rare synkinesis syndrome characterized by synchronous contraction of diaphragm and an upper limb [...]

Byline: Praveen. Sharma, Vikram. Holla, Sandeep. Gurram, Nitish. Kamble, Ravi. Yadav, Dwarakanath. Srinivas, Pramod. Pal Dear Editor, The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) as an adjunct in the management [...]

Objective: The objective was to evaluate oral health-related knowledge, and to compare the effectiveness of three different oral health education interventions (OHEI) on plaque removal in a cohort with Parkinson disease. Method and materials: The three-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial included 63 Parkinson disease stage 1 and 2 patients aged ≥ 40 years and scores ≥ 26 in both Montreal Cognitive Assessment test and Mini-Mental State Exam. These patients were allocated to three OHEI groups: lectures, presentation, and demonstration. The validated questionnaire assessed knowledge level at baseline (0), 1, 2, and 3 months. Oral hygiene at 0 and 3 months was assessed by the Plaque Index and the Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHPI). Unstimulated whole saliva was collected to assess the salivary flow rate. Results: Pairwise comparison using ANOVA showed a significant decrease in mean percentage knowledge 0, 1, 2, and 3 months in all three groups (P < .001). After Tukey posthoc analysis the presentation group had significantly higher knowledge (P = .030). ANOVA showed that the percentage of knowledge decreased as time passed (P = .001). Comparison of means of Plaque Index and PHPI scores by MANOVA followed by Tukey post-hoc analysis showed significant decrease in Plaque Index scores from 0 to 3 months (P = .001). No significant change in the salivary flow rate was noted. Conclusion: Pictorial representation of OHEI is a better mode of intervention compared to lectures and demonstrations in Parkinson disease stage 1 and 2 patients. Despite the decline in knowledge with time, Plaque Index scores reduced significantly, implying that this form OHEI offers positive benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Primary hemifacial spasm (HFS) is caused by neurovascular conflict (NVC) at the root entry zone of the facial nerve. Whether reduction of posterior cranial fossa (PCF) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume is a risk factor for HFS is not clear. The study aims at the radiologic assessment of PCF CSF volume and its clinical correlation. Methods: A cross-sectional, hospital-based, case--control study was conducted, in which 50 cases of primary HFS and 50 age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. PCF CSF volume was quantified in 3-T brain magnetic resonance imaging. Results: The mean age at presentation of cases was 50.7 ± 10.7 years (42-69 years) and controls was 52.4 ± 8.7 years (45-68 years). The mean duration of symptoms was 3.5 ± 1.3 years (1.5-8 years). About 52% of patients had grade 2 (mild) severity of HFS. The mean PCF CSF volume of patients was 13,725.1 ± 909.5 mm3 and controls was 14,458.5 ± 973.5 mm³p (P < 0.001). The mean PCF CSF volume of females with HFS was 13,714.8 ± 852.5 mm³ and female controls was 14,521.8 ± 973.5 mm³ (P = 0.006). PCF CSF volume was significantly associated with the presence of HFS (P = 0.007), the severity of HFS (P < 0.001), and the presence of NVC (P = 0.02). Conclusion: PCF CSF volume was lesser in HFS patients and was associated with the presence of HFS, the severity of HFS, and the presence of NVC. Females with HFS had smaller PCF CSF volume. Small PCF CSF volume is a risk factor for HFS, particularly in females with HFS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a case study of a 20-year-old male patient with genetically proven Salih ataxia due to a novel truncating variant in the RUBCN gene. The patient presented with seizures, intellectual disability, and tremulousness of both upper limbs, among other symptoms. The study expands the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of SCAR15, a rare disorder characterized by early-onset ataxia, cognitive impairment, and dysarthria. The identified variant in the RUBCN gene is classified as likely pathogenic, leading to endolysosomal machinery defects and impacting autophagy and lipid metabolism. The article highlights the importance of considering RUBCN-related ataxia in patients with childhood-onset ataxia, dystonia, epilepsy, and intellectual disability, especially when cerebellar atrophy is absent. [Extracted from the article]

Byline: Sheetal. Goyal, Nitish. Kamble, M. Mukheem Mudabbir, Amitabh. Bhattacharya, Ravi. Yadav, Pramod. Pal Introduction: Vascular Parkinsonism (VaP) is characterized by symmetric, predominantly lower limb bradykinesia and rigidity and no [...]

Byline: Amitabh. Bhattacharya, Albert. Stezin, Nitish. Kamble, P. Mohammed Shereef, Bakula. Kashyap, Pramod. Pal Background: Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. We aimed to study [...]