20 results on '"Kamar AA"'
Search Results
2. What does the world think of ankyloglossia?
- Author
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Jin, RLR, Sutcliffe, A, Vento, M, Miles, C, Travadi, J, Kishore, K, Suzuki, K, Todd, D, Wooderson, S, Kamar, AA, Ma, L, Smyth, J, and Oei, JL
- Subjects
stomatognathic diseases ,Opinion ,Frenectomy ,Survey ,Ankyloglossia - Abstract
Aim: The diagnosis of tongue-tie (or ankyloglossia) has increased more than 10-fold in some countries. Whether this is a global phenomenon or related to cultural and professional differences is uncertain. Methods: An online survey in English, Japanese, Chinese and Spanish was disseminated between May and November 2016 via 27 international professional bodies to >30 clinical professions chosen a priori to represent occupations involved in the management of neonatal ankyloglossia. Results: A total of 1721 responses came from nursing (51%), medical (40%), dental (6%) and allied health (4%) clinicians. Nurses (40%) and allied health (34%) professionals were more likely than doctors (8%) to consider ankyloglossia as important for lactation problems, as were western (83%) compared to Asian (52%) clinicians. Referrals to clinicians for ankyloglossia management originated mainly from parents (38%). Interprofessional referrals were not clearly defined. Frenectomies were most likely to be performed by surgeons (65%) and dentists (35%), who were also less likely to be involved in lactation support. Clinicians performing frenectomies were more likely to consider analgesia as important compared to those not performing frenectomies. Conclusion: The diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia vary considerably around the world and between professions. Efforts to standardise management are required.
- Published
- 2018
3. Urinoma Causing Abdominal Distension and Respiratory Distress in a Newborn.
- Author
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Chan KJ, Singaravel S, Westerhout CJ, Choo YM, and Kamar AA
- Subjects
- Dyspnea, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Urinoma diagnostic imaging, Urinoma etiology
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Cardiac tamponade from peripherally-inserted central venous catheters in neonates: Three case reports.
- Author
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Khoo WV, Choo YM, Zahari N, and Kamar AA
- Subjects
- Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pericardiocentesis, Resuscitation, Cardiac Tamponade diagnostic imaging, Cardiac Tamponade etiology, Catheterization, Central Venous adverse effects, Central Venous Catheters adverse effects
- Abstract
Pericardial effusion (PCE) and cardiac tamponade (CT) are rare but life-threatening complications of percutaneouslyinserted central catheter (PICC) use in neonates. There is often a lack in index of suspicion in a neonate with sudden deterioration, resulting in high mortality. We describe a series of three cases of PICC-related PCE/CT in low birth weight infants whose timely diagnosis with echocardiography and pericardiocentesis led to successful resuscitation and survival. We suggest that echocardiographic skills to determine tip position and pericardiocentesis be taught in neonatal resuscitation programs to ensure good outcomes of this otherwise fatal complication.
- Published
- 2021
5. Publisher Correction: Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) exposures exert a sustained influence on the progression of gut microbiota and metabolome in the first year of life.
- Author
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Yap PSX, Chong CW, Kamar AA, Yap IKS, Choo YM, Lai NM, and Teh CSJ
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. The Association between Serum Bilirubin and Kernicterus Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
- Author
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Lai NM, Gerard JP, Ngim CF, Kamar AA, and Chen KH
- Subjects
- Bilirubin, Cohort Studies, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal diagnosis, Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal epidemiology, Kernicterus diagnosis, Kernicterus epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Total serum bilirubin (TSB) is used in managing neonates with jaundice, but clear evidence on its association with major outcomes is lacking., Objectives: We evaluated the association between TSB and kernicterus spectrum disorder (KSD)., Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and CENTRAL till July 2021. Two authors independently selected relevant cohort studies, extracted data (CHARMS checklist), assessed risk of bias (RoB) (QUIPS tool), and rated certainty-of-evidence (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation). We pooled adjusted odds ratio (aOR) (random-effect) via generic inverse variance methods., Results: From 2,826 records retrieved, we included 37 studies (n = 648,979). Fifteen studies had low, 16 moderate, and 6 high RoB, with majority having concerns on confounder adjustment and statistical analysis. Twenty-two studies contributed meta-analysis data, and 15 were summarized narratively. TSB appears associated with KSD in infants with certain risk factors (aOR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.07-1.13; 5 studies [n = 4,484]). However, TSB (aOR 1.10, 95% CI: 0.98-1.23; 1 study [n = 34,533]) or hyperbilirubinemia (aOR 1.00, 95% CI: 0.51-1.95; 2 studies [n = 56,578]) have no clear association with kernicterus or neurological diagnosis in overall neonatal population (moderate-certainty-evidence). One study shows that infants with hyperbilirubinemia appear likelier to develop attention-deficit disorder (aOR 1.90, 95% CI: 1.10-3.28) and autistic spectrum disorder (aOR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.03-2.49, n = 56,019) (low-certainty-evidence). Certain clinical factors appear associated with KSD, although very few studies contributed to the analyses., Conclusions: Despite the importance of this question, there is insufficient high-quality evidence on the independent prognostic value of TSB for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in most neonatal populations. Future studies should incorporate all known risk factors alongside TSB in a multivariable analysis to improve certainty-of-evidence., (© 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Present and future treatment strategies for coronavirus disease 2019.
- Author
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Elekhnawy E, Kamar AA, and Sonbol F
- Abstract
Background: The recent pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in many challenges to the healthcare organizations around the world. Unfortunately, until now, there are no proven effective therapeutic agents against this virus., Main Body: Several evolving studies suggest repurposing a potential list of drugs which have appropriate pharmacological and therapeutic effects to be used in treating COVID-19 cases. In the present review, we will summarize the potential drugs suggested to be repurposed to be utilized in the treatment of COVID-19 patients like lopinavir-ritonavir, ribavirin, baloxavir marboxil, favipiravir, remdesvir, umifenovir, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, corticosteroids, losartan, statins, interferons, nitric oxide, epoprostenol, tocilizumab, siltuximab, sarilumab anakinra, and ruxolitinib. In addition, we discussed the possible future therapeutic regimens based on the recent molecular and genomic discoveries., Conclusion: This review could provide beneficial information about the potential current and future treatment strategies to treat the pandemic COVID-19 disease., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.., (© The Author(s) 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Magnetic Non-invasive Auricular Acupuncture During Eye-Exam for Retinopathy of Prematurity in Preterm Infants: A Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial.
- Author
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Gan KML, Oei JL, Quah-Smith I, Kamar AA, Lordudass AAD, Liem KD, Lindrea KB, Daly M, Gaunker N, Mangat AK, Yaskina M, and Schmölzer GM
- Abstract
Background: Eye exam for Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a painful procedure and pharmacological analgesia might be ineffective. We hypothesized that magnetic auricular acupuncture (MAA) compared to placebo will decrease pain during ROP exam in preterm infants. Methods: Multicentre randomized controlled trial conducted in three hospitals (Australia, Canada, and Malaysia). Eligibility: >32 weeks, ROP exam, not sedated, and parental consent. A total of 100 infants were randomized (1:1) to MAA ( n = 50) or placebo ( n = 50). MAA stickers or placebo were placed on both ears by an unblinded investigator. Pain was assessed using the Premature Infant Pain Profile. Primary analyses were by intention-to-treat. ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT03650621. Findings: The mean (standard deviation, SD) gestation, birthweight, and postnatal age were (MAA 28(3) vs. placebo 28(2) weeks; MAA 1,057(455) vs. placebo 952(273) g; MAA 7(3) vs. placebo 7(3) weeks. Placebo infants had significantly higher PIPP scores during [mean difference 1.6 points (95%CI 0.1-3.1)] and 1 h mean difference 1.5 points (95%CI 0.7-2.2) after the procedure ( p < 0.03). Heart rate was lower (173(22) vs. 184(18)/min) and oxygen saturations were higher (93.8(6.2) vs. 91.7(6.1)%, p = 0.05) in MAA infants. No adverse effects. Interpretation: MAA may reduce physiological pain responses during and after ROP exam in preterm infants. Assessment of long-term effects are warranted. Clinical trial registration : www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03650621., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2020 Gan, Oei, Quah-Smith, Kamar, Lordudass, Liem, Lindrea, Daly, Gaunker, Mangat, Yaskina and Schmölzer.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Paediatric Palliative Care during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Malaysian Perspective.
- Author
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Chong LA, Khoo EJ, Kamar AA, and Tan HS
- Abstract
Malaysia had its first four patients with COVID-19 on 25 January 2020. In the same week, the World Health Organization declared it as a public health emergency of international concern. The pandemic has since challenged the ethics and practice of medicine. There is palpable tension from the conflict of interest between public health initiatives and individual's rights. Ensuring equitable care and distribution of health resources for patients with and without COVID-19 is a recurring ethical challenge for clinicians. Palliative care aims to mitigate suffering caused by a life-limiting illness, and this crisis has led to the awareness and urgency to ensure it reaches all who needs it. We share here the palliative care perspectives and ethical challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia., Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (© National University of Singapore and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Cost is an important factor influencing active management of extremely preterm infants.
- Author
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Ma L, Liu C, Cheah I, Yeo KT, Chambers GM, Kamar AA, Travadi J, and Oei JL
- Subjects
- China, Clinical Decision-Making, Developing Countries, Disease Management, Female, Health Resources economics, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Neonatologists, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Poverty, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Attitude of Health Personnel, Hospital Costs, Infant, Extremely Premature, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal economics, Patient Care Team economics, Surveys and Questionnaires
- Abstract
Aim: The attitudes of neonatologists towards the active management of extremely premature infants in a developing country like China are uncertain., Methods: A web-based survey was sent to neonatologists from 16 provinces representing 59.6% (824.2 million) of the total population of China on October 2015 and December 2017., Results: A total of 117 and 219 responses were received in 2015 and 2017, respectively. Compared to 2015, respondents in 2017 were more likely to resuscitate infants <25 weeks of gestation (86% vs. 72%; p < 0.05), but few would resuscitate infants ≤23 weeks of gestation in either epoch (10% vs. 6%). In both epochs, parents were responsible for >50% of the costs of intensive care, but in 2017, significantly fewer clinicians would cease intensive care (75% vs. 88%; p < 0.05) and more would request for economic aid (40% vs. 20%; p < 0.05) if parents could not afford to pay. Resource availability (e.g. ventilators) was not an important factor in either initiation or continuation of intensive care (~60% in both epochs)., Conclusion: Cost is an important factor in the initiation and continuation of neonatal intensive care in a developing country like China. Such factors need to be taken into consideration when interpreting outcome data from these regions., (©2018 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. What does the world think of ankyloglossia?
- Author
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Jin RR, Sutcliffe A, Vento M, Miles C, Travadi J, Kishore K, Suzuki K, Todd D, Wooderson S, Kamar AA, Ma L, Smyth J, and Oei JL
- Subjects
- Breast Feeding, Feeding Behavior, Internationality, Lingual Frenum surgery, Surveys and Questionnaires, Ankyloglossia, Attitude of Health Personnel
- Abstract
Aim: The diagnosis of tongue-tie (or ankyloglossia) has increased more than 10-fold in some countries. Whether this is a global phenomenon or related to cultural and professional differences is uncertain., Methods: An online survey in English, Japanese, Chinese and Spanish was disseminated between May and November 2016 via 27 international professional bodies to >30 clinical professions chosen a priori to represent occupations involved in the management of neonatal ankyloglossia., Results: A total of 1721 responses came from nursing (51%), medical (40%), dental (6%) and allied health (4%) clinicians. Nurses (40%) and allied health (34%) professionals were more likely than doctors (8%) to consider ankyloglossia as important for lactation problems, as were western (83%) compared to Asian (52%) clinicians. Referrals to clinicians for ankyloglossia management originated mainly from parents (38%). Interprofessional referrals were not clearly defined. Frenectomies were most likely to be performed by surgeons (65%) and dentists (35%), who were also less likely to be involved in lactation support. Clinicians performing frenectomies were more likely to consider analgesia as important compared to those not performing frenectomies., Conclusion: The diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia vary considerably around the world and between professions. Efforts to standardise management are required., (©2018 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Preterm Infant Outcomes after Randomization to Initial Resuscitation with FiO 2 0.21 or 1.0.
- Author
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Thamrin V, Saugstad OD, Tarnow-Mordi W, Wang YA, Lui K, Wright IM, De Waal K, Travadi J, Smyth JP, Craven P, McMullan R, Coates E, Ward M, Mishra P, See KC, Cheah IGS, Lim CT, Choo YM, Kamar AA, Cheah FC, Masoud A, and Oei JL
- Subjects
- Aptitude Tests, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gestational Age, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Male, Oxygen blood, Infant, Premature, Neurodevelopmental Disorders epidemiology, Oxygen administration & dosage, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy methods, Resuscitation
- Abstract
Objective: To determine rates of death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 2 years corrected age (primary outcome) in children <32 weeks' gestation randomized to initial resuscitation with a fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO
2 ) value of 0.21 or 1.0., Study Design: Blinded assessments were conducted at 2-3 years corrected age with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition or the Ages and Stages Questionnaire by intention to treat., Results: Of the 290 children enrolled, 40 could not be contacted and 10 failed to attend appointments. Among the 240 children for whom outcomes at age 2 years were available, 1 child had a lethal congenital anomaly, 1 child had consent for follow-up withdrawn, and 23 children died. The primary outcome, which was available in 238 (82%) of those randomized, occurred in 47 of the 117 (40%) children assigned to initial FiO2 0.21 and in 38 of the 121 (31%) assigned to initial FiO2 1.0 (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 0.86-2.5; P = .16). No difference in NDI was found in 215 survivors randomized to FiO2 0.21 vs 1.0 (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.70-2.28; P = .11). In post hoc exploratory analyses in the whole cohort, children with a 5-minute blood oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) <80% were more likely to die or to have NDI (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.07-3.2; P = .03)., Conclusions: Initial resuscitation of infants <32 weeks' gestation with initial FiO2 0.21 had no significant effect on death or NDI compared with initial FiO2 1.0. Further evaluation of optimum initial FiO2 , including SpO2 targeting, in a large randomized controlled trial is needed., Trial Registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Network Registry ACTRN 12610001059055 and the National Malaysian Research Registry NMRR-07-685-957., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Targeted Oxygen in the Resuscitation of Preterm Infants, a Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Author
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Oei JL, Saugstad OD, Lui K, Wright IM, Smyth JP, Craven P, Wang YA, McMullan R, Coates E, Ward M, Mishra P, De Waal K, Travadi J, See KC, Cheah IG, Lim CT, Choo YM, Kamar AA, Cheah FC, Masoud A, and Tarnow-Mordi W
- Subjects
- Air, Child, Preschool, Disabled Children, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gestational Age, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Male, Oximetry methods, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy adverse effects, Resuscitation mortality, Risk, Infant, Premature, Oxygen Inhalation Therapy methods, Resuscitation methods
- Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lower concentrations of oxygen (O
2 ) (≤30%) are recommended for preterm resuscitation to avoid oxidative injury and cerebral ischemia. Effects on long-term outcomes are uncertain. We aimed to determine the effects of using room air (RA) or 100% O2 on the combined risk of death and disability at 2 years in infants <32 weeks' gestation., Methods: A randomized, unmasked study designed to determine major disability and death at 2 years in infants <32 weeks' gestation after delivery room resuscitation was initiated with either RA or 100% O2 and which were adjusted to target pulse oximetry of 65% to 95% at 5 minutes and 85% to 95% until NICU admission., Results: Of 6291 eligible patients, 292 were recruited and 287 (mean gestation: 28.9 weeks) were included in the analysis (RA: n = 144; 100% O2 : n = 143). Recruitment ceased in June 2014, per the recommendations of the Data and Safety Monitoring Committee owing to loss of equipoise for the use of 100% O2 . In non-prespecified analyses, infants <28 weeks who received RA resuscitation had higher hospital mortality (RA: 10 of 46 [22%]; than those given 100% O2 : 3 of 54 [6%]; risk ratio: 3.9 [95% confidence interval: 1.1-13.4]; P = .01). Respiratory failure was the most common cause of death (n = 13)., Conclusions: Using RA to initiate resuscitation was associated with an increased risk of death in infants <28 weeks' gestation. This study was not a prespecified analysis, and it was underpowered to address this post hoc hypothesis reliably. Additional data are needed., (Copyright © 2017 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.)- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Prime-boost immunization with DNA vaccine: mucosal route of administration changes the rules.
- Author
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Eo SK, Gierynska M, Kamar AA, and Rouse BT
- Subjects
- Administration, Intranasal, Animals, Antibodies, Viral biosynthesis, Antibodies, Viral blood, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism, Female, Genetic Vectors administration & dosage, Genetic Vectors immunology, Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines administration & dosage, Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines genetics, Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines immunology, Immunization Schedule, Immunoglobulin A biosynthesis, Immunoglobulin A blood, Injections, Intramuscular, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Vaccines, Attenuated administration & dosage, Vaccines, Attenuated genetics, Vaccines, Attenuated immunology, Vaccines, Synthetic administration & dosage, Vaccines, Synthetic immunology, Vaccinia virus genetics, Vaccinia virus immunology, Viral Envelope Proteins administration & dosage, Viral Envelope Proteins genetics, Viral Envelope Proteins immunology, Immunity, Mucosal genetics, Immunization, Secondary methods, Vaccines, DNA administration & dosage, Vaccines, DNA immunology
- Abstract
In this study we assessed prime-boost immunization strategies with a DNA vaccine (gB DNA) and attenuated recombinant vaccinia virus vector (rvacgB), both encoding the gB protein of HSV, for their effectiveness at inducing mucosal as well as systemic immunity to HSV. Confirming the reports of others, systemic priming with gB DNA and systemic boosting with rvacgB were the most effective means of inducing serum Ab and splenic T cell responses. Nevertheless, the systemic prime-boost approach failed to induce detectable humoral or T cell responses at mucosal sites. However, such responses, at both proximal and distal locations, were induced if immunizations, especially the priming dose, were administered mucosally. Curiously, whereas optimal immunity with systemic priming and boosting occurred when gB DNA was used to prime and rvacgB was used as a boost, mucosal responses were optimal when animals were mucosally primed with rvacgB and boosted with gB DNA given mucosally. Furthermore, notable mucosal responses also occurred in animals mucosally primed with rvacgB and subsequently boosted systemically with gB DNA. Because the mucosal prime-boost immunization protocol also induced excellent systemic immune responses, the approach should be useful to vaccinate against agents for which both mucosal and systemic immunity are important for protection.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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15. Study of the electric potential differences between different types of dental alloys.
- Author
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el-Hadary M, el-Said Eid M, Abdel-Razek MK, Kamar AA, and Ibrahim MM
- Subjects
- Dental Amalgam, Humans, Dental Alloys, Electrogalvanism, Intraoral
- Published
- 1975
16. Morphological studies and clinical considerations of maxillary lateral incisor.
- Author
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el-Hadary M, Eid M el-S, Kamar AA, el-Masry NA, and Shehata FI
- Subjects
- Humans, Maxilla, Incisor anatomy & histology
- Published
- 1974
17. Effect of temperature and ageing on the mechanical properties of dental polymeric composite materials.
- Author
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Kandil SH, Kamar AA, Shaaban SA, Taymour NM, and Morsi SE
- Subjects
- Chemical Phenomena, Chemistry, Physical, Elasticity, Hardness, Materials Testing, Particle Size, Stress, Mechanical, Surface Properties, Temperature, Tensile Strength, Time Factors, Composite Resins, Dental Materials
- Abstract
Evaluation of the mechanical properties of some dental composite materials, Compact, Finesse and Prisma-Fil based on bisphenol glycidyl methacrylate resin was undertaken by applying compression, tension and hardness tests. The effects of temperature and ageing times on these properties were studied. There was a marked increase in the mechanical properties (compressive strength, diametral tensile strength, compressive elastic modulus and hardness) for all the investigated composites with increase of both temperature and time. This was explained in terms of the influence of temperature on the polymerization rate of the materials. The improvement in the mechanical properties of the samples, kept at 37 degrees C, was attributed to further and continued polymerization of the polymer content of their resin system. Such mechanical improvement was verified by the regression equation of linearity versus both temperature and time.
- Published
- 1989
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Fracture strength of premolars with Class 2 silver amalgam restorations.
- Author
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el-Sherif MH, Halhoul MN, Kamar AA, and Nour el-Din A
- Subjects
- Bicuspid, Dental Amalgam, Dental Stress Analysis, Humans, Silver, Dental Restoration, Permanent adverse effects, Tooth Fractures etiology
- Published
- 1988
19. Aging effect on the mechanical properties of dental amalgam.
- Author
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el-Hadary MS, Rashed AF, Kamar AA, Hamouda AM, Ibrahim MM, and Hafez AM
- Subjects
- Physical Phenomena, Physics, Time Factors, Dental Amalgam standards
- Published
- 1977
20. A study of the incidence and distribution of root surface caries and its relation to periodontal disease.
- Author
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el-Hadary ME, Ramadan AE, Kamar AA, and Nour ZM
- Subjects
- Adult, Dental Caries epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Dental Caries etiology, Periodontal Diseases complications, Tooth Root pathology
- Published
- 1975
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