19 results on '"Kalwarowsky, Sarah"'
Search Results
2. The roles of sensory hyperreactivity and hyporeactivity in understanding infant fearfulness and emerging autistic traits.
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Narvekar, Nisha, Carter Leno, Virginia, Pasco, Greg, Begum Ali, Jannath, Johnson, Mark H., Charman, Tony, Jones, Emily J. H., Agyapong, Mary, Bazelmans, Tessel, Dafner, Leila, Ersoy, Mutluhan, Gliga, Teodora, Goodwin, Amy, Haartsen, Rianne, Halkola, Hanna, Hendry, Alexandra, Holman, Rebecca, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Kolesnik, Anna, and Li, Leyan
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FEAR ,CROSS-sectional method ,STATISTICAL correlation ,HYPERESTHESIA ,SENSORY stimulation ,INFANT psychology ,ATTENTION-deficit hyperactivity disorder ,STATISTICAL significance ,AUTISM ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,ANXIETY ,CHI-squared test ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,NUMBNESS ,DEVELOPMENTAL disabilities ,LONGITUDINAL method ,SOCIAL skills ,COMMUNICATION ,ASPERGER'S syndrome ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,DATA analysis software ,SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) - Abstract
Background: Existing evidence indicates that atypical sensory reactivity is a core characteristic of autism, and has been linked to both anxiety (and its putative infant precursor of fearfulness) and repetitive behaviours. However, most work has used cross‐sectional designs and not considered the differential roles of hyperreactivity and hyporeactivity to sensory inputs, and is thus limited in specificity. Methods: 161 infants with and without an elevated likelihood of developing autism and attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were followed from 10 to 36 months of age. Parents rated an infant precursor of later anxiety (fearfulness) using the Infant Behaviour Questionnaire at 10 and 14 months, and the Early Childhood Behavioural Questionnaire at 24 months, and sensory hyperreactivity and hyporeactivity at 10, 14 and 24 months using the Infant Toddler Sensory Profile. Domains of autistic traits (restrictive and repetitive behaviours; RRB, and social communication interaction, SCI) were assessed using the parent‐rated Social Responsiveness Scale at 36 months. Cross‐lagged models tested (a) paths between fearfulness and hyperreactivity at 10–24 months, and from fearfulness and hyperreactivity to later autism traits, (b) the specificity of hyperreactivity effects by including hyporeactivity as a correlated predictor. Results: Hyperreactivity at 14 months was positively associated with fearfulness at 24 months, and hyperreactivity at 24 months was positively associated with SCI and RRB at 36 months. When hyporeactivity was included in the model, paths between hyperreactivity and fearfulness remained, but paths between hyperreactivity and autistic traits became nonsignificant. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that alterations in early sensory reactivity may increase the likelihood of showing fearfulness in infancy, and relate to later social interactions and repetitive behaviours, particularly in individuals with a family history of autism or ADHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Recruiting older people with mild frailty from the community to a trial: what works?
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Kalwarowsky, Sarah, primary, Hopkins, Jane, additional, Prescott, Matthew, additional, Mahmood, Farah, additional, Thomas, Verity, additional, Thornton, Gillian, additional, Campbell, Shelley, additional, Andrusjak, Wendy, additional, Avgerinou, Christina, additional, Walters, Kate, additional, and Frost, Rachael, additional
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- 2024
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4. Enabling health and maintaining independence for older people at home (HomeHealth trial): a multicentre randomised controlled trial
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Frost, Rachael, primary, Avgerinou, Christina, additional, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, additional, Mahmood, Farah, additional, Goodman, Claire, additional, Clegg, Andrew, additional, Hopkins, Jane, additional, Gould, Rebecca, additional, Gardner, Benjamin, additional, Marston, Louise, additional, Hunter, Rachael, additional, Kharicha, Kalpa, additional, Cooper, Claudia, additional, Skelton, Dawn A, additional, Drennan, Vari, additional, Logan, Pip, additional, and Walters, Kate, additional
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- 2023
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5. Cortical Responses to Social Stimuli in Infants at Elevated Likelihood of ASD and/or ADHD: a Prospective Cross-Condition fNIRS Study
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Blanco, Borja, primary, Lloyd-Fox, Sarah, additional, Begum-Ali, Jannath, additional, Pirazzoli, Laura, additional, Goodwin, Amy, additional, Mason, Luke, additional, Pasco, Greg, additional, Charman, Tony, additional, Jones, Emily J.H., additional, Johnson, Mark H., additional, Agyapong, Mary, additional, Bazelmans, Tessel, additional, Blasi, Anna, additional, Cheung, Celeste, additional, Dafner, Leila, additional, Elsabbagh, Mayada, additional, Ersoy, Mutluhan, additional, Gliga, Teodora, additional, Haartsen, Rianne, additional, Halkola, Hanna, additional, Hendry, Alexandra, additional, Holman, Rebecca, additional, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, additional, Kolesnik, Anna, additional, Narvekar, Nisha, additional, and Taylor, Chloë, additional
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- 2023
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6. Mother and clinician experiences of a trial of a video feedback parent–infant intervention for mothers experiencing difficulties consistent with ‘personality disorder’: A qualitative interview study
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Barnicot, Kirsten, primary, Parker, Jennie, additional, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, additional, Stevens, Eloise, additional, Iles, Jane, additional, Ramchandani, Paul, additional, and Crawford, Mike, additional
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- 2023
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7. Infant sleep predicts trajectories of social attention and later autism traits.
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Begum‐Ali, Jannath, Gossé, Louisa K., Mason, Luke, Pasco, Greg, Charman, Tony, Johnson, Mark H., Jones, Emily J.H., Agyapong, Mary, Bazelmans, Tessel, Dafner, Leila, Ersoy, Mutluhan, Gliga, Teodora, Goodwin, Amy, Haartsen, Rianne, Halkola, Hanna, Hendry, Alexandra, Holman, Rebecca, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Kolesnik, Anna, and Lloyd‐Fox, Sarah
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AUTISM risk factors ,SLEEP ,RISK assessment ,SLEEP disorders ,ATTENTION ,CHILD psychopathology ,RESEARCH funding ,LONGITUDINAL method ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Background: Children with neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience sleep disturbances, but little is known about when these sleep differences emerge and how they relate to later development. Methods: We used a prospective longitudinal design in infants with a family history of ASD and/or ADHD to examine infant sleep and its relation to trajectories of attention and later neurodevelopmental disorders. We formed factors of Day and Night Sleep from parent‐reported measures (including day/night sleep duration, number of naps in the day, frequency of night awakenings and sleep onset problems). We examined sleep in 164 infants at 5‐, 10‐ and 14‐months with/without a first‐degree relative with ASD and/or ADHD who underwent a consensus clinical assessment for ASD at age 3. Results: By 14‐months, infants with a first‐degree relative with ASD (but not ADHD) showed lower Night Sleep scores than infants with no family history of ASD; lower Night Sleep scores in infancy were also associated with a later ASD diagnosis, decreased cognitive ability, increased ASD symptomatology at 3‐years, and developing social attention (e.g., looking to faces). We found no such effects with Day Sleep. Conclusions: Sleep disturbances may be apparent at night from 14‐months in infants with a family history of ASD and also those with later ASD, but were not associated with a family history of ADHD. Infant sleep disturbances were also linked to later dimensional variation in cognitive and social skills across the cohort. Night Sleep and Social Attention were interrelated over the first 2 years of life, suggesting that this may be one mechanism through which sleep quality influences neurodevelopment. Interventions targeted towards supporting families with their infant's sleep problems may be useful in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood
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Carter leno, Virginia, Begum-Ali, Jannath, Goodwin, Amy, Mason, Luke, Pasco, Greg, Pickles, Andrew, Garg, Shruti, Green, Jonathan, Charman, Tony, Johnson, Mark H., Jones, Emily J. H., Vassallo, Grace, Burkitt-Wright, Emma, Eelloo, Judith, Gareth evans, D, West, Siobhan, Hupton, Eileen, Lewis, Lauren, Robinson, Louise, Dobbie, Angus, Drimer, Ruth, Bethell, Helen, Jones, Rachel, Musson, Susan, Prem, Catherine, Splitt, Miranda, Horridge, Karen, Baralle, Diana, Redman, Carolyn, Tomkins, Helen, Bhojwani, Ankita, Connelly, Shannon, Conti, Francesca, Evans, Beth, Jackson, Meg, Powell, Emily, Agyapong, Mary, Bazelmans, Tessel, Dafner, Leila, Ersoy, Mutluhan, Gliga, Teea, Haartsen, Rianne, Halkola, Hanna, Hendry, Alexandra, Holman, Rebecca, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Kolesnik, Anna, Narvekar, Nisha, and Taylor, Chloë
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Autism ,Infant ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Developmental Neuroscience ,NF1 ,E/I balance ,Child, Preschool ,ADHD ,Humans ,Executive functioning ,Infants ,Molecular Biology ,Aged ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Background Autism is proposed to be characterised by an atypical balance of cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I). However, most studies have examined E/I alterations in older autistic individuals, meaning that findings could in part reflect homeostatic compensation. To assess the directionality of effects, it is necessary to examine alterations in E/I balance early in the lifespan before symptom emergence. Recent explanatory frameworks have argued that it is also necessary to consider how early risk features interact with later developing modifier factors to predict autism outcomes. Method We indexed E/I balance in early infancy by extracting the aperiodic exponent of the slope of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum (‘1/f’). To validate our index of E/I balance, we tested for differences in the aperiodic exponent in 10-month-old infants with (n = 22) and without (n = 27) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a condition thought to be characterised by alterations to cortical inhibition. We then tested for E/I alterations in a larger heterogeneous longitudinal cohort of infants with and without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions (n = 150) who had been followed to early childhood. We tested the relevance of alterations in E/I balance and our proposed modifier, executive attention, by assessing whether associations between 10-month aperiodic slope and 36-month neurodevelopmental traits were moderated by 24-month executive attention. Analyses adjusted for age at EEG assessment, sex and number of EEG trials. Results Infants with NF1 were characterised by a higher aperiodic exponent, indicative of greater inhibition, supporting our infant measure of E/I. Longitudinal analyses showed a significant interaction between aperiodic slope and executive attention, such that higher aperiodic exponents predicted greater autistic traits in childhood, but only in infants who also had weaker executive functioning abilities. Limitations The current study relied on parent report of infant executive functioning-type abilities; future work is required to replicate effects with objective measures of cognition. Conclusions Results suggest alterations in E/I balance are on the developmental pathway to autism outcomes, and that higher executive functioning abilities may buffer the impact of early cortical atypicalities, consistent with proposals that stronger executive functioning abilities may modify the impact of a wide range of risk factors.
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- 2022
9. Video feedback parent‐infant intervention for mothers experiencing enduring difficulties in managing emotions and relationships: A randomised controlled feasibility trial
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Barnicot, Kirsten, primary, Welsh, Morgan, additional, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, additional, Stevens, Eloise, additional, Iles, Jane, additional, Parker, Jennie, additional, Miele, Maddalena, additional, Lawn, Tara, additional, O'Hanlon, Laura, additional, Sundaresh, Sushma, additional, Ajala, Ola, additional, Bassett, Paul, additional, Jones, Christina, additional, Ramchandani, Paul, additional, and Crawford, Mike, additional
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- 2022
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10. Atypical Development of Attentional Control Associates with Later Adaptive Functioning, Autism and ADHD Traits
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Hendry, Alexandra, Jones, Emily J.H., Bedford, Rachael, Andersson Konke, Linn, Begum Ali, Jannath, Bӧlte, Sven, Brocki, Karin C., Demurie, Ellen, Johnson, Mark, Pijl, Mirjam K.J., Roeyers, Herbert, Charman, Tony, Achermann, Sheila, Agyapong, Mary, Astenvald, Rebecka, Axelson, Lisa, Bazelmans, Tessel, Blommers, Karlijn, Bontinck, Chloè, van den Boomen, Carlijn, Boterberg, Sofie, Braukmann, Ricarda, de Bruijn, Yvette, Bruyneel, Eva, Buitelaar, Jan K., Dafner, Leila, Darki, Fahime, Davies, Kim, Ersoy, Mutluhan, Falck-Ytter, Terje, Fernandes, Janice, Freeman, Zoë, Gliga, Teea, Gredebäck, Gustaf, Greensmith, Marian, Haartsen, Rianne, van Ierland-Veerhoek, Sanne, de Jonge, Maretha V., Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Kemner, Chantal, Kolesnik, Anna, de Korte, Manon, Lundin-Kleberg, Johan, Munsters, Nicolette M., Nyström, Pär, Pasco, Greg, Pirazzoli, Laura, Ristolainen, Johanna, Stadin, Andrietta, Taylor, Chloë, Thorup, Emilia, vaz, Natalie, Vinkenvleugel, Loes, Ward, Emma, Warreyn, Petra, van Wielink, Lilli N., LS FAC Vgl vrouwenst. Taal en Beeld, Engelse taalkunde, Leerstoel Kemner, Afd Psychologische functieleer, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Helmholtz Institute, Afd. OT Individual Development, ICON - Media and Performance Studies, LS FAC Vgl vrouwenst. Taal en Beeld, Engelse taalkunde, Leerstoel Kemner, Afd Psychologische functieleer, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), Helmholtz Institute, Afd. OT Individual Development, ICON - Media and Performance Studies, Hendry, Alexandra [0000-0003-1985-2521], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Male ,DISORDER ,050103 clinical psychology ,Autism ,Social Sciences ,CHILDREN ,psyc ,0302 clinical medicine ,Quality of life ,QUALITY-OF-LIFE ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Psychology ,Attention ,Spectrum disorder ,DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY ,FAMILIAL RISK ,Early childhood ,media_common ,05 social sciences ,Atypical development ,Adaptation, Physiological ,3. Good health ,Phenotype ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,BEHAVIOR ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Clinical psychology ,phenotype ,media_common.quotation_subject ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,ADHD ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Autistic Disorder ,EARLY-CHILDHOOD ,SPECTRUM DISORDER ,Original Paper ,EXECUTIVE FUNCTION ,Psykologi ,TEMPERAMENT ,Attentional control ,Infant ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,HIGH-RISK ,Intermediate phenotype ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Temperament ,Intermediate ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Funder: H2020 European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663, Funder: Research Foundation Flanders, Funder: Universiteit Gent; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004385, Funder: Marguerite-Marie Delacroix, Funder: Autistica; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011706, Funder: Riksbankens Jubileumsfond; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100004472; Grant(s): NHS14-1802:1, Funder: K.F. Hein Fonds, Funder: Scott Family Junior Research Fellowship, Autism is frequently associated with difficulties with top-down attentional control, which impact on individuals’ mental health and quality of life. The developmental processes involved in these attentional difficulties are not well understood. Using a data-driven approach, 2 samples (N = 294 and 412) of infants at elevated and typical likelihood of autism were grouped according to profiles of parent report of attention at 10, 15 and 25 months. In contrast to the normative profile of increases in attentional control scores between infancy and toddlerhood, a minority (7–9%) showed plateauing attentional control scores between 10 and 25 months. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, plateaued growth of attentional control was associated with elevated autism and ADHD traits, and lower adaptive functioning at age 3 years.
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- 2020
11. Early differences in auditory processing relate to Autism Spectrum Disorder traits in infants with Neurofibromatosis Type I
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Begum-Ali, Jannath, Kolesnik-Taylor, Anna, Quiroz, Isabel, Mason, Luke, Garg, Shruti, Green, Jonathan, Johnson, Mark H., Jones, Emily J. H., Holman, Rebecca, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Pirazzoli, Laura, Taylor, Chloë, Vassallo, Grace, Burkitt-Wright, Emma, Eelloo, Judith, Evans, D. Gareth, West, Siobhan, Hupton, Eileen, Lewis, Lauren, Robinson, Louise, Dobbie, Angus, Drimer, Ruth, Sharif, Saghira Malik, Bethell, Helen, Jones, Rachel, Musson, Susan, Prem, Catherine, Splitt, Miranda, Horridge, Karen, Baralle, Diana, Redman, Carolyn, Tomkins, Helen, Jones, Emily J. H. [0000-0001-5747-9540], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Research ,Change detection ,Habituation ,EEG ,Auditory processing ,Autism spectrum disorder ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Neurofibromatosis type 1 - Abstract
Background: Sensory modulation difficulties are common in children with conditions such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and could contribute to other social and non-social symptoms. Positing a causal role for sensory processing differences requires observing atypical sensory reactivity prior to the emergence of other symptoms, which can be achieved through prospective studies. Methods: In this longitudinal study, we examined auditory repetition suppression and change detection at 5 and 10 months in infants with and without Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), a condition associated with higher likelihood of developing ASD. Results: In typically developing infants, suppression to vowel repetition and enhanced responses to vowel/pitch change decreased with age over posterior regions, becoming more frontally specific; age-related change was diminished in the NF1 group. Whilst both groups detected changes in vowel and pitch, the NF1 group were largely slower to show a differentiated neural response. Auditory responses did not relate to later language, but were related to later ASD traits. Conclusions: These findings represent the first demonstration of atypical brain responses to sounds in infants with NF1 and suggest they may relate to the likelihood of later ASD.
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- 2021
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12. Behavioural and neural markers of tactile sensory processing in infants at elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder and/or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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Piccardi, Elena Serena, Begum Ali, Jannath, Jones, Emily J. H., Mason, Luke, Charman, Tony, Johnson, Mark H., Gliga, Teodora, Agyapong, Mary, Bazelmans, Tessel, Dafner, Leila, Ersoy, Mutluhan, Goodwin, Amy, Haartsen, Rianne, Hendry, Alexandra, Holman, Rebecca, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Kolesnik, Anna, Lloyd-Fox, Sarah, Pasco, Greg, Pickles, Andrew, Pirazzoli, Laura, Taylor, Chloë, Piccardi, Elena Serena [0000-0001-5071-347X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,Repetition suppression ,Tactile sensory seeking ,Research ,Infant sibling design ,mental disorders ,Alpha amplitude desynchronization ,Tactile sensory processing ,EEG ,Autism spectrum disorder ,behavioral disciplines and activities - Abstract
Backgrounds: Atypicalities in tactile processing are reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) but it remains unknown if they precede and associate with the traits of these disorders emerging in childhood. We investigated behavioural and neural markers of tactile sensory processing in infants at elevated likelihood of ASD and/or ADHD compared to infants at typical likelihood of the disorders. Further, we assessed the specificity of associations between infant markers and later ASD or ADHD traits. Methods: Ninety-one 10-month-old infants participated in the study (n = 44 infants at elevated likelihood of ASD; n = 20 infants at elevated likelihood of ADHD; n = 9 infants at elevated likelihood of ASD and ADHD; n = 18 infants at typical likelihood of the disorders). Behavioural and EEG responses to pairs of tactile stimuli were experimentally recorded and concurrent parental reports of tactile responsiveness were collected. ASD and ADHD traits were measured at 24 months through standardized assessment (ADOS-2) and parental report (ECBQ), respectively. Results: There was no effect of infants’ likelihood status on behavioural markers of tactile sensory processing. Conversely, increased ASD likelihood associated with reduced neural repetition suppression to tactile input. Reduced neural repetition suppression at 10 months significantly predicted ASD (but not ADHD) traits at 24 months across the entire sample. Elevated tactile sensory seeking at 10 months moderated the relationship between early reduced neural repetition suppression and later ASD traits. Conclusions: Reduced tactile neural repetition suppression is an early marker of later ASD traits in infants at elevated likelihood of ASD or ADHD, suggesting that a common pathway to later ASD traits exists despite different familial backgrounds. Elevated tactile sensory seeking may act as a protective factor, mitigating the relationship between early tactile neural repetition suppression and later ASD traits.
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- 2021
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13. Neuronal gating of tactile input and sleep in 10-month-old infants at typical and elevated likelihood for autism spectrum disorder.
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De Laet, Anna, Piccardi, Elena Serena, Begum-Ali, Jannath, Charman, Tony, Johnson, Mark H., Jones, Emily J. H., Bedford, Rachael, Gliga, Teodora, The STAARS Team, Agyapong, Mary, Bazelmans, Tessel, Dafner, Leila, Ersoy, Mutluhan, Goodwin, Amy, Haartsen, Rianne, Halkola, Hanna, Hendry, Alexandra, Holman, Rebecca, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, and Kolesnik-Taylor, Anna
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CHILDREN with autism spectrum disorders ,INFANTS ,AUTISM spectrum disorders ,SLEEP latency ,NON-REM sleep ,GENERALIZED estimating equations ,SLEEP ,AUTUMN - Abstract
Sleep problems in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) emerge early in development, yet the origin remains unclear. Here, we characterise developmental trajectories in sleep onset latency (SOL) and night awakenings in infants at elevated likelihood (EL) for ASD (who have an older sibling with ASD) and infants at typical likelihood (TL) for ASD. Further, we test whether the ability to gate tactile input, using an EEG tactile suppression index (TSI), associates with variation in SOL and night awakenings. Parent-reported night awakenings and SOL from 124 infants (97 at EL for ASD) at 5, 10 and 14 months were analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Compared to TL infants, infants at EL had significantly more awakenings and longer SOL at 10 and 14 months. The TSI predicted SOL concurrently at 10 months, independent of ASD likelihood status, but not longitudinally at 14 months. The TSI did not predict night awakenings concurrently or longitudinally. These results imply that infants at EL for ASD wake up more frequently during the night and take longer to fall asleep from 10 months of age. At 10 months, sensory gating predicts SOL, but not night awakenings, suggesting sensory gating differentially affects neural mechanisms of sleep initiation and maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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14. Early development of infants with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case series
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Kolesnik, Anna May, Jones, Emily Jane Harrison, Garg, Shruti, Green, Jonathan, Charman, Tony, Johnson, Mark Henry, Baron-Cohen, Simon, Begum-Ali, Jannath, Bolton, Patrick, Cheung, Celeste, Dafner, Leila, Davies, Kim, Elsabbagh, Mayada, Fernandes, Janice, Fish, Laurel, Gammer, Isobel, Greensmith, Marian, Gliga, Teodora, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Liew, Michelle, Pasco, Greg, Pickles, Andrew, Ribeiro, Helena, Salomone, Erica, Taylor, Chloe, Tucker, Leslie, Wass, Sam, Burkitt-Wright, Emma, Evans, D. Gareth, Vassallo, Grace, Eelloo, Judith, West, Siobhan, Howard, Elizabeth, Hupton, Eileen, Huson, Sue, Lewis, Lauren, Tricker, Karen, Dobbie, Angus, Drimer, Ruth, Sharif, Saghira Malik, Baralle, Diane, Redman, Carolyn, Sharif, Saba, Symth, Carolyn, Lam, Wayne, Bradbury, Alyson, Harrower, Neil, Quarrell, Oliver, Bethell, Helen, Jones, Rachel, Musson, Susan, Prem, Catherine, Splitt, Miranda, Horridge, Karen, Steiger, Christine, Jim, Carly, Kolesnik, A, Jones, E, Garg, S, Green, J, Charman, T, Johnson, M, Baron-Cohen, S, Begum-Ali, J, Bolton, P, Cheung, C, Dafner, L, Davies, K, Elsabbagh, M, Fernandes, J, Fish, L, Gammer, I, Greensmith, M, Gliga, T, Kalwarowsky, S, Liew, M, Pasco, G, Pickles, A, Ribeiro, H, Salomone, E, Taylor, C, Tucker, L, Wass, S, Burkitt-Wright, E, Evans, D, Vassallo, G, Eelloo, J, West, S, Howard, E, Hupton, E, Huson, S, Lewis, L, Tricker, K, Dobbie, A, Drimer, R, Sharif, S, Baralle, D, Redman, C, Symth, C, Lam, W, Bradbury, A, Harrower, N, Quarrell, O, Bethell, H, Jones, R, Musson, S, Prem, C, Splitt, M, Horridge, K, Steiger, C, Jim, C, Johnson, Mark [0000-0003-4229-2585], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
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Male ,Pediatrics ,Autism Spectrum Disorder ,Adaptive functioning ,Autism ,Prospective longitudinal ,Developmental cognitive neuroscience ,Language Development Disorder ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,psyc ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cognition ,Development ,Infant ,NF1 ,Sensory processing ,Social engagement ,Translational neurodevelopment ,Activities of Daily Living ,Communication ,Female ,Humans ,Language Development Disorders ,Motor Activity ,Neurofibromatosis 1 ,Prospective Studies ,Risk ,Temperament ,Molecular Biology ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Developmental Biology ,Psychiatry and Mental Health ,Prospective cohort study ,media_common ,05 social sciences ,Neuropsychology ,Autism spectrum disorder ,Cohort ,Psychology ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Human ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,03 medical and health sciences ,mental disorders ,medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Neurofibromatosis ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Research ,medicine.disease ,Prospective Studie ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background Prospective studies of infants at familial risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have yielded insights into the earliest signs of the disorder but represent heterogeneous samples of unclear aetiology. Complementing this approach by studying cohorts of infants with monogenic syndromes associated with high rates of ASD offers the opportunity to elucidate the factors that lead to ASD. Methods We present the first report from a prospective study of ten 10-month-old infants with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a monogenic disorder with high prevalence of ASD or ASD symptomatology. We compared data from infants with NF1 to a large cohort of infants at familial risk for ASD, separated by outcome at age 3 of ASD (n = 34), atypical development (n = 44), or typical development (n = 89), and low-risk controls (n = 75). Domains assessed at 10 months by parent report and examiner observation include cognitive and adaptive function, sensory processing, social engagement, and temperament. Results Infants with NF1 showed striking impairments in motor functioning relative to low-risk infants; this pattern was seen in infants with later ASD from the familial cohort (HR-ASD). Both infants with NF1 and the HR-ASD group showed communication delays relative to low-risk infants. Conclusions Ten-month-old infants with NF1 show a range of developmental difficulties that were particularly striking in motor and communication domains. As with HR-ASD infants, social skills at this age were not notably impaired. This is some of the first information on early neurodevelopment in NF1. Strong inferences are limited by the sample size, but the findings suggest implications for early comparative developmental science and highlight motor functioning as an important domain to inform the development of relevant animal models. The findings have clinical implications in indicating an important focus for early surveillance and remediation in this early diagnosed genetic disorder. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13229-017-0178-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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- 2017
15. Eurosibs: Towards robust measurement of infant neurocognitive predictors of autism across Europe
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Jones, E. J. H., Mason, L., Ali, J. Begum, van den Boomen, C., Braulunann, R., Cauvet, E., Demurie, Ellen, Hessels, R. S., Ward, E. K., Hunnius, S., Bolte, S., Tomalski, P., Kemner, C., Warreyn, Petra, Roeyers, Herbert, Buitelaar, J., Falck-Ytter, T., Charman, T., Johnson, M. H., Taylor, Chloe, Dafner, Leila, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Dewaele, Nele, Arslan, Melda, Nystrom, Par, Candrian, Gian, Malinowska, Anna, Pisula, Ewa, Kawa, Rafal, de Jonge, Maretha, Munsters, Nicolette, van Wielink, Lilli, Blommers, Karlijn, Murphy, Declan, McAlonan, Grainne, Leerstoel Kemner, Social and personality development: A transactional approach, Helmholtz Institute, Afd Psychologische functieleer, Experimental Psychology (onderzoeksprogramma PF), and ICON - Media and Performance Studies
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Male ,Infancy ,Autism Spectrum Disorder ,Developmental psychology ,psyc ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neurodevelopmental disorder ,6-MONTH-OLD INFANTS ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Psychology ,Spectrum disorder ,Attention ,Longitudinal Studies ,Prospective Studies ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Electroencephalography ,Mental Status and Dementia Tests ,Neurocognitive ,Europe ,Autism spectrum disorder ,TODDLERS ,Female ,SIBLINGS RESEARCH CONSORTIUM ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,YOUNG-CHILDREN ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Eyetracking ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Journal Article ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,First-degree relatives ,SPECTRUM DISORDER ,Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7] ,Psykologi ,Action, intention, and motor control ,Siblings ,ATTENTION ,Infant ,Reproducibility of Results ,Biomarker ,medicine.disease ,HIGH-RISK ,Sample size determination ,Multisite ,Data quality ,Autism ,DIAGNOSTIC STABILITY ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Highlights • The Eurosibs consortium is a nine-site European neurocognitive study of infants with an older sibling with ASD. • Data quality assessments show that that neurocognitive measures hold promise for cross-site consistency in diverse populations. • We present robust data analysis pipelines and highlight challenges and opportunities for future multisite research efforts., Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social communication skills and flexible behaviour. Developing new treatment approaches for ASD requires early identification of the factors that influence later behavioural outcomes. One fruitful research paradigm has been the prospective study of infants with a first degree relative with ASD, who have around a 20% likelihood of developing ASD themselves. Early findings have identified a range of candidate neurocognitive markers for later ASD such as delayed attention shifting or neural responses to faces, but given the early stage of the field most sample sizes are small and replication attempts remain rare. The Eurosibs consortium is a European multisite neurocognitive study of infants with an older sibling with ASD conducted across nine sites in five European countries. In this manuscript, we describe the selection and standardization of our common neurocognitive testing protocol. We report data quality assessments across sites, showing that neurocognitive measures hold great promise for cross-site consistency in diverse populations. We discuss our approach to ensuring robust data analysis pipelines and boosting future reproducibility. Finally, we summarise challenges and opportunities for future multi-site research efforts.
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- 2019
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16. Colour vision during the developing age
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Ripamonti, Caterina, primary, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, additional, and Nardini, Marko, additional
- Published
- 2016
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17. Optimizing the rapid measurement of detection thresholds in infants
- Author
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Jones, Pete R., primary, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, additional, Braddick, Oliver J., additional, Atkinson, Janette, additional, and Nardini, Marko, additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Beneficial Effects of the NMDA Antagonist Ketamine on Decision Processes in Visual Search.
- Author
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Shen, Kelly, Kalwarowsky, Sarah, Clarence, Wendy, Brunamonti, Emiliano, and Paré, Martin
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- *
KETAMINE , *SENSORY perception , *METHYL aspartate antagonists , *SACCADIC eye movements , *INTRAMUSCULAR injections , *EYE movements - Abstract
The ability of sensory-motor circuits to integrate sensory evidence over time is thought to underlie the process of decision-making in perceptual discrimination. Recent work has suggested that the NMDA receptor contributes to mediating neural activity integration. To test this hypothesis, we trained three female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) to perform a visual search task, in which they had to make a saccadic eye movement to the location of a target stimulus presented among distracter stimuli of lower luminance. We manipulated NMDA-receptor function by administering an intramuscular injection of the noncompetitive NMDA antagonist ketamine and assessed visual search performance before and after manipulation. Ketamine was found to lengthen response latency in a dose-dependent fashion. Surprisingly, it was also observed that response accuracy was significantly improved when lower doses were administered. These findings suggest that NMDA receptors play a crucial role in the process of decision-making in perceptual discrimination. They also further support the idea that multiple neural representations compete with one another through mutual inhibition, which may explain the speed-accuracy trade-off rule that shapes discrimination behavior: lengthening integration time helps resolve small differences between choice alternatives, thereby improving accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2010
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19. Automated measurement of resolution acuity in infants using remote eye-tracking.
- Author
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Jones PR, Kalwarowsky S, Atkinson J, Braddick OJ, and Nardini M
- Subjects
- Case-Control Studies, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted methods, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Reproducibility of Results, Vision Tests instrumentation, Vision, Binocular physiology, Eye Movements, Vision Disorders diagnosis, Vision Tests methods, Visual Acuity
- Abstract
Purpose: To validate a novel, automated test of infant resolution acuity based on remote eye-tracking., Methods: Infants aged 2 to 12 months were tested binocularly using a new adaptive computerized test of infant vision using eye tracking (ACTIVE), and Keeler infant acuity cards (KIAC). The ACTIVE test ran automatically, using remote eye-tracking to assess whether the infant fixated a black-and-white grating of variable spatial frequency. Test-retest reliability was assessed by performing each test twice. Accuracy was assessed by comparing acuity measures across tests and with established age-norms, and by comparing low-contrast acuity estimates in adults with data reported previously., Results: All infants completed the ACTIVE test at least once. Median test duration was 101 seconds. Measured visual acuity increased with age (P < 0.001), and 90% of mean acuity estimates were within previously published 90% tolerance limits (based on acuity-card age norms). Acuity estimates were also correlated, within-subjects, with results from the KIAC (P = 0.004). In terms of reliability, 86% of acuity estimates deviated by ≤1 octave, with no significant difference in test-retest reliability between the ACTIVE and KIAC procedures (P = 0.461). In adults, acuity estimates from the ACTIVE test did not differ significantly from values reported by previous authors (P > 0.183)., Conclusions: An adaptive computerized test of infant vision using eye-tracking provides a rapid, automated measure of resolution acuity in preverbal infants. The ACTIVE performed comparably to the current clinical gold standard (acuity cards) in terms of testability, reliability, and accuracy, and its principles can be extended to measure other visual functions., (Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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