Search

A study conducted to appraise the prevalence pattern of gastrointestinal parasites present in sheep of different regions of Maharashtra recorded 61.88 % sheep positive for several helminthic infections. Regional variations in the GI parasitic infections of sheep revealed 70.16, 56.57, 66.66 and 51.33 percent positivity from Western Maharashtra, Vidarbha, Marathwada and Konkan region, respectively from the total 669 fecal samples examined. The age wise prevalence observed in sheep showed non-significant variation between two age groups studied viz. young sheep below one year of age and adults. The prevalence rate observed as non-significantly differing among ewes and rams in all four regions. Species composition of GIPs found in the study was Strongyles (50.52%), Strongyloides (29.30%), Trichuris sp (11.51%), amphistomes (2.51%), Eimeria sp (20.63%) and mixed infection (21.38%), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a research study which examined the efficacy of herbal and chemical pesticides on lice infestation in ruminants. The researchers recorded the mortality of lice post-treatment of herbal acaricides such as Karanj oil, Eucalyptus oil, Topicure, Neemazal concentration and Butox. Results showed the cidal activity of each herbal treatment against lice.

This study examined the pattern of resistance to widely applied synthetic pyrethroids, i.e., cypermethrin and deltamethrin, against larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus ticks sampled from Marathwada region in Maharashtra, India. The study also examined the role of α- and β-esterases and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in resistance development. All eight R. microplus isolates tested were resistant to deltamethrin (RL IV), having RR 50 values from 6.88 to 131.26. LPT analysis exhibited the resistance level II deltamethrin resistance in Beed and Hingoli, III in Dharashiv, and IV in Sambhajinagar, Parbhani, Latur, Jalna, and Nanded isolates. The LIT analysis showed that Dharashiv field isolates had the lowest LC 50 value of 229.09 ppm against cypermethrin, while Sambhajinagar field isolates had the highest at 489.78 ppm. The RR 50 ranged from 1145.45 to 2448.9. Seven isolates were level I resistant to cypermethrin while the Jalna isolate was level II resistant. In larvae treated with deltamethrin and cypermethrin, the activity of α- and β-esterase enzymes increased significantly compared to control groups. The enzyme ratios in treated larvae ranged from 0.7533 to 1.7023 for α-esterase and 0.7434 to 3.2054 for β-esterase. The Hingoli isolate treated with cypermethrin exhibited the highest α-esterase activity (903.261), whereas Sambhajinagar isolate had the highest GST enzyme ratio (2.8224) after deltamethrin exposure. When exposed to cypermethrin, the Hingoli isolate showed the highest GST enzyme ratio, 2.0832. The present study provides the current resistance status in tick populations from Marathwada region indicating deltamethrin and cypermethrin to be ineffective for tick control. The results also suggest that SP compounds should be regulated in this region and alternative control strategies should be introduced., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)