Search

Abstract Background 3D printing holds great potential of improving examination, diagnosis and treatment planning as well as interprofessional communication in the field of gynecological oncology. In the current manuscript we evaluated five individualized, patient-specific models of cervical cancer FIGO Stage I-III, created with 3D printing, concerning their value for translational oncology. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis was performed on a 3.0 Tesla MRI, including a T2-weighted isotropic 3D sequence. The MRI images were segmented and transferred to virtual 3D models via a custom-built 3D-model generation pipeline and printed by material extrusion. The 3D models were evaluated by all medical specialties involved in patient care of cervical cancer, namely surgeons, radiologists, pathologists and radiation oncologists. Information was obtained from evaluated profession-specific questionnaires which were filled out after inspecting all five models. The questionnaires included multiple-select questions, questions based on Likert scales (1 = „strongly disagree “ or „not at all useful “ up to 5 = „strongly agree “ or „extremely useful “) and dichotomous questions (“Yes” or “No”). Results Surgeons rated the models as useful during surgery (4.0 out of 5) and for patient communication (4.7 out of 5). Furthermore, they believed that the models had the potential to revise the patients’ treatment plan (3.7 out of 5). Pathologists evaluated with mean ratings of 3.0 out of 5 for the usefulness of the models in diagnostic reporting and macroscopic evaluation. Radiologist acknowledged the possibility of providing additional information compared to imaging alone (3.7 out of 5). Radiation oncologists strongly supported the concept by rating the models highly for understanding patient-specific pathological characteristics (4.3 out of 5), assisting interprofessional communication (mean 4.3 out of 5) and communication with patients (4.7 out of 5). They also found the models useful for improving radiotherapy treatment planning (4.3 out of 5). Conclusion The study revealed that the 3D printed models were generally well-received by all medical disciplines, with radiation oncologists showing particularly strong support. Addressing the concerns and tailoring the use of 3D models to the specific needs of each medical speciality will be essential for realizing their full potential in clinical practice.

Abstract We analyzed the effects of foliar spraying with amino acids, chitosan (CHS) and nanocomposites (NCs) of chitosan with the amino acids proline, l-cysteine and glycine betaine (CHS-Pro NCs; CHS-Cys NCs, CHS-GB NCs, respectively) on the changes in the physiological and biochemical parameters of iceberg lettuce grown at the control temperature (20 °C) and under chilling conditions (4 °C). The physicochemical parameters of the phospholipid monolayers (PLs) extracted from plants showed the effects of the treatments on the properties of the monolayers, namely, the packing density and flexibility. We observed increased accumulation of proline at 4 °C, and differences in the concentrations of sugars in most of the analyzed variants were a consequence of the lowered temperature and/or the use of organic compounds. A temperature of 4 °C caused a significant increase in the l-ascorbic acid level compared with that at 20 °C. Differences were also found in glutathione (GSH) content depending on the temperature and treatment with the tested organic compounds. CHS NCs loaded with Pro and GB were effective at increasing the amount of phenols under stress temperature conditions. We noted that a significant increase in the antioxidant activity of plants at 4 °C occurred after priming with Cys, CHS-Cys NCs, Pro and CHS-Pro NCs, and the CHS nanocomposites were more effective in this respect. Both low-temperature stress and foliar spraying of lettuce with various organic compounds caused changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Two forms of dismutase (SOD), iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) and copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD), were identified in extracts from the leaves of iceberg lettuce seedlings. The application of the tested organic compounds, alone or in combination with CHS, increased the amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) in plants grown under controlled temperature conditions. Chilling caused an increase in the content of MDA, but some organic compounds mitigated the impact of low temperature. Compared with that of plants subjected to 20 °C, the fresh weight of plants exposed to chilling decreased. However, the tested compounds caused a decrease in fresh weight at 4 °C compared with the corresponding control samples. An interesting exception was the use of Cys, for which the difference in the fresh weight of plants grown at 20 °C and 4 °C was not statistically significant. After Cys application, the dry weight of the chilled plants was greater than that of the chilled control plants but was also greater than that of the other treated plants in this group. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that engineered chitosan–amino acid nanocomposites could be applied as innovative protective agents to mitigate the effects of chilling stress in crop plants.

In the paper, the results of a numerical analysis of KCl and KF particles present in liquid aluminium assimilation to the slag are presented. The authors analysed particle movement in the slag model, which is based on buoyant, capillary, viscosity, Newton and repulsion forces, interfacial tensions at the interface of phases and surface energy during the particle movement through phases boundary. On the basis of the mathematical model, a computer programme was written to make simulations under different conditions. The results of particle position in the slag are presented for different particle radiuses: 1, 5, 10, 20 μm, and constant viscosity of the slag including velocity evolution of the velocity. Another approach was used to indicate the influence of slag viscosity on particle and slag penetration depth. During computations, selected viscosities of slag of 0.0012, 0.0015, 0.0018 [kg/m·s] were taken into account. Different comparisons were made for the chosen particle sizes. Each examination takes into account the impact of the particle type. The results clearly show that for larger particles the penetration depth is greater and viscosity of the slag has an impact on the velocity evolution during assimilation process.

Composite Multimetal Stahl 1018 has been used in the process of preserving worn surfaces of materials operating in extremely difficult conditions. This work presents the results of simulation of the mechanical properties of steel samples in contact with the MM "Stahl 1018" composite. Tests were carried out for various models with with one- and two-sided contact sample models with the composite. Theoretical tests were conducted in the "SolidWorks 2019" environment. It was found that the maximum strength of the specimen layer made of MM "Stahl 1018" material, which closely adheres to the surfaces of steel bases on both sides (444 MPa) is higher than that of the material layer in one-sided contact (358 MPa), for specimens with a height of 4.5 mm and at 80 °C. Simulations also revealed a significant increase in the maximum stress in the composite MM "Stahl 1018" for specimens in the so-called free state from 285 MPa to 358 MPa with the increasing temperature from 20 °C to 80 °C, for specimens 4.5 mm high.

During this two-year experiment (2008-2010), the ‘Kenton’ leek cultivar was grown in the field from July to March/April of the following year. During the winter months the plants were kept under biodegradable nonwoven covers (Bionolle - polybutylene succinate, 59 and 100 g m-2). The control treatments were left uncovered. Some cracks and tears in the biodegradable nonwoven covers were observed. The covers resulted in better leek yields. In the first season the bleached parts of the leek contained more ascorbic acid when kept under the Bionolle 100 g m-2 cover. The lighter nonwoven (59 g m-2) cover caused a grater accumulation of soluble sugars. Biodegradable films, used in the winter cultivation of leek, increased the soil temperature by 1°C on average.

This study exposes relevant tensions between deep-tech startups’ sound technological solutions, confronted with lack of marketing skills to communicate their unique value proposition for targeted customers. Incorporating technological foresight as an essential component of strategic foresight, this study explores how the interplay between firm internal technological, environmental, and market features influences enhanced foresight capabilities. The model is tested with Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) and uses survey data from managers of European deep-tech companies. PLS-SEM findings reveal a significant correlation between market features, tech features and environmental features jointly influencing enhanced foresight capabilities. The strong correlation between tech features and enhanced foresight capabilities give promising insight for upgrading this managerial capability as it influences successful scaling from laboratory to pilot customers. In turn, the lack of correlation between firm internal features and enhanced foresight capabilities proves that rapid technological advances outpace market readiness or customer adoption, claiming to replace “learning from the past” with “learning from the future”. The findings enrich the current body of knowledge, while the practical implication highlights how enhanced foresight capabilities enable deep tech firms to leverage technology dominance with desirable business agility, in order to adopt a virtuous cycle of capturing-market maker opportunities towards a future shaping builder.

Abstract Background Sarcoptic mange is rare in cats. The main symptoms reported in cases of feline sarcoptic mange include crusty lesions and pruritus, although these may vary in severity among individuals. Objectives This report describes three cats infested with Sarcoptes scabiei, all presenting with pruritus and excoriation. Methods The diagnosis was confirmed by microscopic observation of skin scrape samples. Results All three cats were treated successfully using moxidectin and imidacloprid, selamectin and ivermectin, respectively. Conclusions The clinical presentation of feline scabies appears to be more variable in cats than in dogs. Infestation with S. scabiei should be considered a differential diagnosis for cats presenting with pruritic inflammatory skin disease.

The aim of the research, which was carried out in the years 2003-2005, was to assess the possibility of creating regression models for the earliness of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa var. chinensis, pak choy) plants cultivated under field conditions during the summer-autumn months. Four variables were chosen for developing the prediction model: the minimum, mean and maximum air temperatures and sunshine hours. After stepwise regression analysis, it was noted that crop earliness could be described as a function of mean air temperature and sunshine hours. For this model, the coefficient of determination R2 was equal to 0.962. Additional models based on various thermal indices - growing degree days (GDD), heliothermal units (HTU) and photothermal units (PTU) - were also constructed and taken into consideration. The linear regression equation that includes GDD could only simulate the earliness of the plants with a precision below 14%. The model built on the basis of PTU showed a better fit of the predicted data to the observed data (around 49%), while the last model, which incorporated HTU, was the most accurate (R2 was equal to 0.843). Models for the growth of pak choy plants in the field based on a time variable are also presented in this paper.

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie z perspektywy multimodalnej i genologicznej złożonej natury podcastu, przejawiającej się zarówno w jego audialnej, jak i audiowizualnej odsłonie. Odpowiednio dobrane narzędzia genologii lingwistycznej oraz parametry mediolingwistyczne pozwoliły nie tylko na ustalenie mechanizmów kształtujących warstwę genologiczną podcastu, lecz także na uchwycenie funkcji, jaką pełnią poszczególne kody semiotyczne zawarte w tym osobliwym zjawisku medialnym. Analiza zebranego materiału badawczego w pierwszej kolejności umożliwiła dostrzeżenie w podcaście tekstu multimodalnego, w którym to warstwa słowna, mimo niezwykłej ekspansywności ruchomego obrazu, w znacznym stopniu determinuje ten rodzaj przekazu. Z kolei obserwacja płaszczyzny genologicznej wykazała, że podcast jest gatunkiem medialnym o szerokim wachlarzu komponentów, których dobór w zależności od zamysłu twórcy konkretnego nagrania można by rozpatrywać w kategoriach Wittgensteinowskiej gry językowej, gdzie coraz wyraźniej w obrębie pojedynczego odcinka dochodzi do współwystępowania gatunków na zasadach adaptacji czy alternacji. Wybrane do analizy tytuły ujawniły, że ukazująca się coraz częściej odsłona wizualna podcastu, określana mianem wideocastu, podyktowana jest raczej chęcią ukazania tego, kto mówi, niż ma związek z występowaniem w badanych przekazach określonego zestawu gatunków czy konkretnych form podawczych.

Lifestyle and habits are acquired in the family environment and then shaped by the potential influence of the environment and received education. In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the relationship between sleep and dietary behaviors in various health professionals, including medical and dietetics professionals and students, as well as their self-perceived knowledge and attitudes. Despite the importance of this topic, there is a lack of research on the assessment of individual behaviors in dietetics students and professionals. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of education level on individual behaviors regarding nutrition, sleep, and physical activity in dietetics students and professionals. 71 dietetics students and professionals were enrolled in this study. Their overall knowledge, sleep, and nutritional behavior were assessed with a validated Questionnaire of Eating Behaviors at the beginning of their dietetics university education and then prospectively after a year. It was also compared to dieticians who already graduated. The analysis showed that the educational level did not correlate with sleep length or the physical activity level. However, the educational level was correlated with dietary knowledge and properly self-assessed by the participants. Significant differences were observed in both the prospective and comparative analyses. The educational level and knowledge were not correlated with eating behaviors. The self-assessment of nutritional behaviors also did not correlate with the objective assessment. Sleep length did not correlate with BMI, but it was inversely correlated with overall and healthy diet scores and knowledge levels. On the other hand, physical activity levels were positively correlated with healthy diet scores. Dietary education results in better nutritional knowledge; however, it does not significantly impact individual nutritional behaviors among dietetics students and professionals. Moreover, the inverse relationship between sleep length and nutritional knowledge and behaviors, as well as the positive relationship between physical activity level and dietary behaviors, shows that nutritional aspects of lifestyle are probably prioritized among dietetic students and professionals, with an acknowledgment of the role of physical activity and a neglect of sleep hygiene importance. Dietetics students should be advised to use their theoretical knowledge not only to guide their patients but also to implement it in their own lives.

Smart horticulture aims to use the emerging technologies to modernise industrial applications and address issues such as productivity, environmental sustainability, and food security. In recent years, scientists have made significant efforts to design the novel methods for horticultural applications with using nanoparticles (NPs) and their composites. The use of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) as growth-modulating and antipathogen agents in horticulture is a promising area of research. However, the current state of knowledge in these fields is still insufficient.The study aimed to assess the impact of alginate gels containing Ag-NPs on the germination of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seeds and the initial growth stage of seedlings. Composites with Ag-NPs were prepared using chemical synthesis, with maltose as the reducing substance and biodegradable polymer, sodium alginate, as the stabilizer. Blotting paper was used to place cucumber seeds on dishes. The seeds were then soaked with diluted test solutions containing Ag-NPs (10 ppm and 20 ppm), as well as treatments with deionized water (negative control) and aqueous sodium alginate solutions (1:5 and 1:10) without silver nanoparticles (positive control). After 8 days, the germination, morphological and biochemical parameters were determined. Seed germination percentage was not affected by alginate gels and 10 ppm Ag-NPs. At a concentration of 20 ppm, Ag-NPs reduced the germination index,as well as length and weight of the root, stem, seedling, when compared to the positive and negative control. The inhibition coefficients for root, stem, and seedling were significantly higher in the treatment group. The application of Ag-NPs at concentrations of 10 and 20 ppm resulted in a decrease in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenolics (TP), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in seedling roots compared to the negative control. However, there was an increase in TAC and TP in shoots, but not in MDA. In the roots of the seedlings, the application of Ag-NPs resulted in an increase in catalase (CAT) activity, while ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased compared to the negative control. In the shoots of the seedlings, CAT, GPX, and SOD activity was higher than in the plant material from the positive control. The application of Ag-NPs had a significant, dose-dependent effect on the investigated parameters of cucumber seedlings. However, it was also observed that sodium alginate without NPs had an impact. Ag-NPs elicit a stronger response in shoot tissues, as reflected by higher TAC and content of TP and MDA, although CAT, GPX, and SOD activity was lower than in roots Composites of sodium alginate with Ag-NPs can be used to shape of cucumber seedling germination performance.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a strategic management framework for a successful digital transformation (DT) roll-out aimed at enabling organisational resilience. The study aims to identify the critical areas of consideration for management to strategically approach DT in order to build resilience. Design/methodology/approach – The research study is based on the 3Ps framework: (1) people (culture, capabilities, engagement and well-being), (2) processes (systems) and (3) plant (technological infrastructure and tools). The research methodology is a qualitative study comprising semi-structured in-depth interviews, conducted with industry experts in different sectors undergoing major digital disruptions such as financial services, mining, oil and gas, energy and retail. Findings – The research findings show that the successful roll-out of an organisation’s DT is largely driven by the people elements incorporating organisational culture, workforce skills and training and employee well-being. It also highlights that it is critical for organisations to invest in technological infrastructure, once the people elements have been addressed, as they are the drivers of technology implementation. Research limitations/implications – A bigger and broader sample size can validate the elements and structure of the DT framework in South Africa. Practical implications – The study’s discussion unlocks understanding about: (1) what are the key enablers for successful DT; (2) what hinders organisations from realising the value of digital investments and (3) a strategic framework for the digital roll-out. Social implications – Technology is impacting employees at both a personal and professional levels. Ensuring that DT rollouts are strategical implemented lowers the impact on technostress and strengthens resilience. Originality/value – The value and practical implication of this study is that the developed strategic framework can be used by managements to enable the smooth adoption of DT toward building organisational resilience in developing countries such as South Africa with low digital maturity.

This study investigates the firms’ performance following cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) from 2000 to 2022, employing the generalized method of moments (GMM) technique within the French context. Grounded in the theories of organizational learning and the institutional-based view, the empirical findings reveal that acquiring firms exhibit an improved long-term performance after engaging in cross-border M&A deals. Additionally, acquisition experience and industry relatedness significantly enhance the firms’ performance. Institutional quality and cultural similarity are also found to positively moderate the impact of cross-border M&As on firms’ performance.

Ukraine has become a candidate country for the European Union membership, which brings challenges, including those of a legal nature. One of such challenges is the regulation of the institution of mediation, which is a subject of interest to European institutions (both within the Council of Europe and the European Union) that actively promote methods of alternative dispute resolution (ADR methods). The aim of the article is to compare the current development of mediation in Poland and Ukraine, as well as to determine to what extent there are similarities in successes and challenges and to what extent the Polish experience could be helpful for the development of mediation in Ukraine. The essence of the problem is whether Ukraine shall follow Polish solutions in this area.

Abstract Bioreactor systems are very precious tools to generate living bone grafts in vitro. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of rotating and perfusion bioreactor in the production of a living bone construct. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMDSCs) were seeded on the surfaces of hydroxyapatite-based scaffolds and cultured for 21 days in three different conditions: (1) static 3D culture, (2) 3D culture in a perfusion bioreactor, and (3) dynamic 3D culture in a rotating bioreactor. Quantitative evaluation of cell number showed that cultivation in the perfusion bioreactor significantly reduced cell proliferation compared to the rotating bioreactor and static culture. Osteogenic differentiation test demonstrated that BMDSCs cultured in the rotating bioreactor produced significantly greater amount of osteopontin compared to the cells cultured in the perfusion bioreactor. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy showed that cultivation of BMDSCs in the rotating bioreactor enhanced extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization that was characterized by B-type carbonated substitution of hydroxyapatite (associated with PO4 3− groups) and higher mineral-to-matrix ratio compared to the ECM of cells cultured in the perfusion system. Thus, it was concluded that the rotating bioreactor was much more effective than the perfusion one in the generation of bone tissue construct in vitro.

Cardoon leaves are of great pharmaceutical importance due to their high content of polyphenol compounds. Polyphenolic compounds have attracted much interest due to their health-promoting effects. The content of these compounds in C. cardunculus depends on several factors, such as genotype, crop management, plant tissues, harvest time, and storage time. In this study, the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilisation (rates and forms) on the biomass yield and polyphenol profile of the leaves were determined. Increasing the amount of N up to 180 kg-ha−1 in fertilisation did not significantly increase the air-dried biomass yield of the leaves. On the contrary, it led to lower concentrations of total phenolic compounds (TP), total flavonoids (TF), caffeic acid, cynarin, and luteolin. Improvements in performance were achieved when 120 kg-ha−1 N rate was applied and increases in TP, TF content, and radical scavenging activity were observed. The applied N forms (NO3, NH4 or urea) had different effects on the concentrations of individual compounds and leaf air-dried biomass. Higher concentrations of cynarin, luteolin, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were found when the N forms NH4 and urea were applied; higher caffeic acid content was found when urea was applied. The application of NO3 and urea in fertilisation reduced the level of luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, while the application of NO3 and NH4 reduced the amount of caffeic acid. The obtained results provide a better understanding of the effects of N rates and forms on cardoon leaves over two growing seasons.

This study presents an innovative method for caffeine determination in tea, employing ethanol as the sole organic solvent for both SPE sample preparation and chromatographic analysis. This approach aligns with green chemistry principles, as confirmed by a comparative study highlighting ethanol’s safety and eco-friendliness compared to traditional solvents. The experiments validate ethanol’s efficacy in caffeine extraction and chromatographic analysis, minimizing environmental impact and eliminating toxicity risks. Utilizing a reduced chromatography column enhances the method’s efficiency and sustainability, resulting in a low limit of quantitation (0.125 μg/mL) and good reproducibility (RSD < 2.5%). Based on tea from the Polish market, the findings reveal the caffeine content (19.29–37.69 mg/g) and endorse ethanol’s role in enhancing sustainable chemical analysis in food science.

An investigation of the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of polyphenol-rich aqueous extracts from blackberry, chokeberry and raspberry pomaces was carried out. The aim of the study was to choose optimal conditions for UAE in order to obtain extracts rich in phenolic compounds. The optimization was carried out based on response surface methodology. The variable conditions were amplitude of ultrasound wave and extraction time, whereas responses were total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. Based on the ANOVA analysis, mathematical models were fitted and verified. The most effective conditions of amplitude and time were 98% and 5.00 min, 78% and 10.32 min and 90% and 11.56 min for blackberry pomace, chokeberry pomace and raspberry pomace, respectively. The actual results obtained in optimized conditions were comparable to the results predicted by the models. Additionally, the anthocyanin content in extracts was determined in the high-performance liquid chromatography assay. It was proven that response surface methodology could be a useful tool in the optimization of UAE processes for obtaining polyphenol-rich extracts from berry fruit pomaces.

Abstract Background Most nanoparticles (NPs) have a significant impact on the structure and function of the plant photosynthetic apparatus. However, their spectrum of action varies significantly, from beneficial stimulation to toxicity, depending on the type of NPs, the concentration used and plant genotypic diversity. Photosynthetic performance can be assessed through chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) measurements. These data allow to indirectly obtain detailed information about primary light reactions, thylakoid electron transport reactions, dark enzymatic stroma reactions, slow regulatory processes, processes at the pigment level. It makes possible, together with leaf reflectance performance, to evaluate photosynthesis sensitivity to stress stimuli. Results We investigated effects of different metal and metal(oid) oxide nanoparticles on photosynthesis of oakleaf lettuce seedlings by monitoring the chlorophyll a fluorescence light radiation and reflectance from the leaves. Observations of ChlF parameters and changes in leaf morphology were carried out for 9 days in two-day intervals. Spectrophotometric studies were performed at 9th day. Suspensions of NPs with the following concentrations were used: 6% TiO2, SiO2; 3% CeO2, SnO2, Fe2O3; 0.004% (40 ppm) Ag; 0.002% (20 ppm) Au. Nanoparticles were applied directly on the leaves which caused small symptoms of chlorosis, necrosis and leaf veins deformation, but the plants fully recovered to the initial morphological state at 9th day. Leaf reflectance analysis showed an increase in FRI for SiO2-NPs and CeO2-NPs treatments and ARI2 for Fe2O3, however, WBI and PRI coefficients for the latter nanoparticle were lower than in control. Chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters have changed due to NPs treatment. Fe2O3-NPs caused an increase in Fv/F0, PIABS, ET0/RC, DI0/RC, ABS/RC in different time points in comparison to control, also Ag, Au and SnO2 treatment caused an increase in Fv/F0, PIABS or ET0/RC, respectively. On the other hand, TiO2-NPs caused a decrease in Fv/Fm and Fv/F0 parameters, but an increase in DI0/RC value was observed. SnO2-NPs decreased PIABS, but increased ET0/RC than compared to control. Nanoparticles affected the shape of the O-J-I-P curve in slight manner, however, further analyses showed unfavourable changes within the PSII antenna, manifested by a slowdown in the transport of electrons between the Chl molecules of the light-harvesting complex II and the active center of PSII due to NPs application. Conclusion Changes in ChlF parameters and leaf reflectance values clearly proved the significant influence of NPs on the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus, especially right after NPs application. The nature of these changes was strictly depended on the type of nanoparticles and sometimes underwent very significant changes over time. The greatest changes in ChlF parameters were caused by Fe2O3 nanoparticles, followed by TiO2-NPs. After slight response of O-J-I-P curves to treatment of the plants with NPs the course of the light phase of photosynthesis stabilized and at 9th day were comparable to the control curve.

Abstract The research focused on the influence of cerium on the chemical composition and morphology of non-metallic inclusions in pre-oxidised steel to which Al, Ca, and Ce was added in different amount and order. Calculations were carried out using our own computer program. The simulation results obtained according to two calculation models helped identify precipitates from the Ce–O–S system. The possibility of CeN formation was also identified. The trace amounts of these inclusions were also found in the results. Consideration of the physicochemical phenomena at the boundary, as well as the interfacial partitioning and the sulfur partition coefficient, influences the favourable chemical composition of the inclusions, limiting it mainly to compounds from the Al2O3, Ce2O3, and CaS systems. It was found that the addition of Ce before Ca causes the elimination of MnS precipitates and Ca-containing inclusions in the steel.