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There is an urgent need to study safe and biocompatible medicinal compounds which necessitates the discovery of new agents from simple natural starting materials. In this study, eight novel capsaicin derivatives have been synthesized by combination of oxadiazole containing fatty acids with vanillyl amide. All the compounds were characterized by spectral analysis and were examined for their cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized derivatives was evaluated by 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays. All of the synthesized derivatives have exhibited significant antioxidant activity in comparison to butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) which is used as a reference antioxidant. The novel capsaicin derivatives with nitro (8 e) and methoxy substituents (8 f, 8 g and 8 h) exhibited the most significant antioxidant activity compared with BHT. In cytotoxicity assay against three cell lines, the derivative with bromo substituent showed excellent activity against B16‐melanoma cancer cell line followed by nitro and methoxy analogs which showed promising activity against HepG2‐ hepato and DU145‐prostate cancer cell lines respectively. In addition, all the derivatives exhibited moderate broad spectrum antibacterial, antifungal and anti‐inflammatory activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present study aimed to prepare palm‐based blends with edible oils to obtain healthier smart blends with a desired fatty acid profile of SAFA:MUFA:PUFA ratios as established by international health authorities for potential use in cooking and trans‐free fat formulation applications. Several blends of palm olein (POo), super olein (SOo) and palm stearin (PS) with sunflower (SFO), soybean (SBO), rice bran (RBO), mustard (MO), olive (OO) and sesame (SMO) oils were prepared in different mass (wt/wt) ratios. Among the prepared blends, the 6:4 POo:SFO, 1:1/6:4 POo:SBO, 6:4 SOo:SBO and 4:6 PS:RBO/SMO blends; 2:8 POo:RBO, 6:4 SOo:SFO blends and 1:1/6:4 POo:SMO, 1:1/6:4 POo:RBO, 6:4 SOo:SMO blends were found to have the balanced fatty acid profiles closer to AHA/JMHW/WHO recommended SFA:MUFA:PUFA ratios of 1:1:1/1:1.5:1/1:1.5:0.7, respectively. In addition, the 1:1/6:4 POo:SBO and 6:4 SOo:SBO blends also fulfilled the required ω‐6/ω‐3 ratios of 9.5 and 10.5 along with balanced fatty acid profile of 1:1:1 as per the nutritional guidelines. The 6:4 POo/SOo with SFO/SBO, 1:1 SOo:SMO and 4:6 PS:RBO/SMO smart blends were further processed for enzymatic interesterification (EIE) employing Lipozyme TLIM packed in a specially designed basket type stirrer (BTS) equipped in a bioreactor at 70°C with agitation speed of 390 rpm for 9 h to obtain trans‐free interesterified (IE) structured lipids (SLs) with desired physicochemical properties. This BTS technology helped to sustain the structure and morphology of the enzyme intact, and enable to process about 9 kg of the edible oil blends for IE with excellent recyclability and stability for 81 active hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel phenolipids were synthesized by coupling ( Z)-methyl-12-aminooctadec-9-enoate with substituted aromatic phenolic acids. The substrate ( Z)-methyl-12-aminooctadec-9-enoate was synthesized from methyl ricinoleate employing a four-step procedure. The synthesized phenolipids were thoroughly characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-MS, and HRMS spectral analysis. The in vitro antioxidant activities of synthesized compounds were evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•), superoxide free radical scavenging activity, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities. The novel phenolic compounds were compared in terms of antioxidant activity with the commercial antioxidants, namely butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) and α-tocopherol as reference compounds. The antioxidant screening data of all the synthesized compounds revealed that DPPH free radical scavenging activity, superoxide, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity of caffeic and gallic acid substituted phenolipids exhibited excellent activity as compared to commercial antioxidants, BHT, and α-tocopherol. The synthesized phenolipids were also evaluated for anticancer activities against four different cancer cell lines namely DU145, HePG2, SKOV3, MDA-MB-231. Among these compounds, 7a, 7b, 7d, 7e which were derived from cinnamic acid-based phenolic acids and 8b which is derived from vanillic acid exhibited good anticancer activity against the tested cell lines. Practical applications: Lipophilization of phenolic acids improves their antioxidant and anticancer properties. The (Z)-methyl-12-aminooctadec-9-enoate-based phenolipids can be exploited in a number of lipophilic antioxidant and anticancer formulations. A panel of ( Z)-methyl-12-aminooctadec-9-enoate-based phenolipids are synthesized for the first time from methyl ricinoleate, an unusual fatty acid isolated from castor oil. These compounds were evaluated for antioxidant properties, and gallic and caffeic acid-based phenolipids exhibited extraordinary properties compared to BHT and α-tocopherol commercially available antioxidants used in food and pharmaceutical formulations. These compounds were evaluated for anticancer activity for the first time, where these have exhibited good to moderate activity. Hence, ( Z)-methyl-12-aminooctadec-9-enoate-based phenolipids can be exploited in a number of lipophilic antioxidant and anticancer formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]