82 results on '"Kaiseler, M"'
Search Results
2. Psychological support within Tier 2 Adult Weight Management Services, are we doing enough for people with mental health needs? A mixed-methods survey
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Marwood, J, Brown, T, Kaiseler, M, Clare, K, Feeley, A, Jamie, B, Ells, L, Marwood, J, Brown, T, Kaiseler, M, Clare, K, Feeley, A, Jamie, B, and Ells, L
- Abstract
Background: Depression and obesity are two of the most highly prevalent global public health concerns. Obesity and poor mental health are strongly associated, and it is likely that mental health needs are common in people seeking weight management services. Aims: To identify what psychological support is provided and required in tier 2 adult weight management services (T2 WMS). Methods: Online survey: quantitative data was summarised, and open-ended free-text questions were coded and thematically analysed. Results: Participants were current or recent service users with self-reported mental health needs (n = 27), commissioners (n = 9) or providers (n = 17). Over half of service users did not feel their mental health needs were met and 60% said they would like additional psychological support within T2 WMS. Findings highlight the lack of psychological and emotional support. Psychological support and behaviour change techniques are conflated, with a lack of clear understanding or definition of what psychological support is, either between or within service users, providers, and commissioners. Conclusions: Moving towards more person-centred care, better identification and triaging of those living with mental health issues, together with improved resources and training of providers, is crucial to improve outcomes for people living with obesity and poor mental health.
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- 2023
3. How can social support make coaching less stressful? A longitudinal inquiry with sports coaches
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Norris, L, Didymus, F, Kaiseler, M, Norris, L, Didymus, F, and Kaiseler, M
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Research on social support with sports coaches is limited, yet the benefits of social support on performance and well-being within other occupations have been widely reported. This study explored sports coaches’ social support resources over a six-week period to understand how social support resources may alleviate stressors. Longitudinal data were collected from women (n = 6) and male (n = 4) sports coaches (Mage = 35.2, SD = 13.0 years, Mexperience = 13.5, SD = 9.7 years) using three semi-structured interviews over a six-week training and competition period. Interview data were analysed using abductive thematic analysis. Coaches used all four types of social support resources over the six-week period. Informational support for advice, ideas, and feedback on training sessions, new job roles, and player development was used most regularly across the different time points. Coaches also reported that they perceived social support resources may alleviate stressors through stress-buffering and main-effects Social support resources (e.g. esteem) might be more important for buffering the effects of stressors and others (e.g. emotional) may be more important for the main-effects. Given the pertinence of social support resources for performance and psychological well-being, applied interventions should aim to educate coaches on ways to develop a social support network that provides all types of social support resources to help cope more effectively with stressors. Moreover, interventions should aim to alter coaches’ perceptions of potential stressors as less of a threat and more of a challenge to alleviate the prospective negative influences of stressors.
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- 2022
4. How can social support make coaching less stressful? A longitudinal inquiry with sports coaches
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Norris, LA, Didymus, FF, Kaiseler, M, Norris, LA, Didymus, FF, and Kaiseler, M
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Research on social support with sports coaches is limited, yet the benefits of social support on performance and well-being within other occupations have been widely reported. This study explored sports coaches’ social support resources over a six-week period to understand how social support resources may alleviate stressors. Longitudinal data were collected from women (n = 6) and male (n = 4) sports coaches (Mage = 35.2, SD = 13.0 years, Mexperience = 13.5, SD = 9.7 years) using three semi-structured interviews over a six-week training and competition period. Interview data were analysed using abductive thematic analysis. Coaches used all four types of social support resources over the six-week period. Informational support for advice, ideas, and feedback on training sessions, new job roles, and player development was used most regularly across the different time points. Coaches also reported that they perceived social support resources may alleviate stressors through stress-buffering and main-effects Social support resources (e.g. esteem) might be more important for buffering the effects of stressors and others (e.g. emotional) may be more important for the main-effects. Given the pertinence of social support resources for performance and psychological well-being, applied interventions should aim to educate coaches on ways to develop a social support network that provides all types of social support resources to help cope more effectively with stressors. Moreover, interventions should aim to alter coaches’ perceptions of potential stressors as less of a threat and more of a challenge to alleviate the prospective negative influences of stressors.
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- 2022
5. Sustained positive behaviour change of wounded, injured and sick UK military following an adaptive adventure sports and health coaching recovery course
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Sutton, Rebecca J, primary, Kay, C W P, additional, McKenna, J, additional, and Kaiseler, M, additional
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Sustained positive behaviour change of wounded, injured and sick UK military following an adaptive adventure sports and health coaching recovery course
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Sutton, RJ, Kay, CWP, McKenna, J, Kaiseler, M, Sutton, RJ, Kay, CWP, McKenna, J, and Kaiseler, M
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INTRODUCTION: A rising trend has occurred in the physical and mental health challenges faced by recovering UK service personnel. To support these individuals, bespoke inclusive multiactivity and adventurous training courses (MAC) have been developed. This study investigated the MAC's influence on participants' ability to sustain day-to-day changes that facilitate positive mental health and psychological need satisfaction. METHODS: The 146 UK service personnel who participated in this study attended a five-day MAC 12 months ago. To investigate how the supportive experience influenced participants' lives, quantitative and qualitative data were collected via an online survey. Open-ended questioning and abductive analysis were conducted to understand mechanisms, influential aspects of the course and positive behaviour change. RESULTS: Positive behaviour changes were reported by 74% of the respondents. These changes align with positive psychological well-being (98%). Impactful elements of the course experienced by participants mostly aligned with the three basic psychological needs of autonomy (34%), competence (36%) and relatedness (61%). CONCLUSIONS: Recovery support programmes that encompass health coaching adventurous activities, such as the MAC, can initiate long-term positive behaviour change for recovering military personnel. In this specific context, the concurrence of the self-determination theory concepts that underpin the course delivery and participant outcomes is a powerful endorsement of implementation fidelity.
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- 2021
7. APPetite: Validation of a smartphone app-based tool for the remote measure of free-living subjective appetite
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Holliday, A, Johnson, KO, Kaiseler, M, Crabtree, DR, Holliday, A, Johnson, KO, Kaiseler, M, and Crabtree, DR
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This study determined the validity, reproducibility and usability of a smartphone app – APPetite – for the measure of free-living, subjective appetite. Validity was assessed compared with the criterion tool of pen-and-paper visual analogue scale (VAS) (n=22). Appetite was recorded using APPetite and VAS, one immediately after the other, upon waking and every hour thereafter for twelve hours. This was repeated the next day with the order of tool reversed. Agreement between tools was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. Reproducibility and usability were assessed in a separate experiment (n=22) of two trials (APPetite vs. VAS), separated by seven days. Appetite was recorded in duplicate upon waking and every hour for twelve hours using APPetite or VAS. Agreement between duplicate measures was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis and coefficient of variation (CV) was compared between tools. Usability was assessed by comparing compliance and by qualitative evaluation. APPetite demonstrated good criterion validity with trivial bias of 1.65 units/mm·hr-1 between APPetite- and VAS-derived AUC appetite scores. Limits of agreement were within a maximum allowed difference of 10%. However, proportional bias was observed. APPetite demonstrated high reproducibility, with minimal bias (-0.578 units·hr-1) and no difference in CV between APPetite and VAS (1.29±1.42% vs 1.54±2.36%, p = 0.64). Compliance was high with APPetite (92.7±8.0%) and VAS (91.6±20.4%, p = 0.81). Ninety percent of participants preferred APPetite, citing greater accessibility, simplified process and easier/quicker use. While proportional bias precludes using APPetite and VAS interchangeably, APPetite appears a valid, reproducible and highly usable tool for measuring free-living appetite in young-to-middle-aged adults.
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- 2021
8. Psychological Stress and Psychological Well-being among Sports Coaches: A Meta-synthesis of the Qualitative Research Evidence
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Potts, A, Didymus, FF, Kaiseler, M, Potts, A, Didymus, FF, and Kaiseler, M
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Approximately 200,000 coaches cease coaching each year in the United Kingdom alone. The reasons for this dropout are not fully understood, but they could be linked to the stressful nature of coaching and the potential for this to impede health and psychological well-being (PWB). The aim of this meta-synthesis is to systematically search for and draw together the qualitative research evidence on coaches’ experiences of stressors, primary appraisals, emotions, coping, and PWB. Using a rigorous and systematic search protocol, 11 studies were identified, assessed for research quality, and synthesized thematically to generate new insight. The findings highlight the plethora of stressors that coaches can experience, the impact of coaches’ appraisals on PWB, and the coping families that coaches can use to foster adaptation. In doing so, the meta-synthesis deepens our understanding of coaches’ stress transactions and their experiences of PWB. There is a significant lack of qualitative research evidence on coaches’ appraisals and PWB. Qualitative and or longitudinal research is warranted to develop knowledge in these areas. Such research should be used to develop interventions that are applicable to different coaching populations (e.g., working parents and part-time coaches) to help minimize stressors, facilitate positive appraisals and emotions, and foster PWB.
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- 2021
9. Bringing sports coaches’ experiences of primary appraisals and psychological well-being to life using composite vignettes
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Potts, A, Didymus, F, Kaiseler, M, Potts, A, Didymus, F, and Kaiseler, M
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Research attention has been directed toward coaches’ stressor experiences, yet less is known about the role of stress appraisals and psychological well-being (PWB). Considering the links between PWB, mental health, and retention in the coaching profession, this study will explore primary appraisals and PWB among sports coaches. Guided by our constructivist paradigm that underpinned our relativist ontology and subjectivist epistemology, we conducted theoretically informed semi-structured interviews with six coaches (five men and one woman) who represented both team and individual sports. We analysed data thematically using an abductive approach and constructed 10 composite vignettes that describe a powerful and shared account of the coaches’ lived experiences. The vignettes offer insight to the coaches’ primary appraisals and the impact of stress transactions on PWB. For example, benefit appraisals had a positive impact on environmental mastery and self-acceptance, threat appraisals had a negative impact on autonomy and environmental mastery, and harm/loss appraisals are shown to influence health. Based on these findings, we propose several impactful recommendations for researchers, practitioners, and National Governing Bodies (NGBs). For example, we recommend that practitioners working with coaches should foster positive working relationships with athletes to support coaches’ PWB. Further, we encourage NGBs to work closely with coaches and practitioners to promote safe and favourable working environments, increasing coaches’ autonomy, and maximise flexible working conditions.
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- 2021
10. Bringing Sports Coaches’ Experiences of Primary Appraisals and Psychological Well-being to Life using Composite Vignettes
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Potts, AJ, Didymus, FF, Kaiseler, M, Potts, AJ, Didymus, FF, and Kaiseler, M
- Abstract
Research attention has been directed towards coaches’ stressor experiences, yet less is known about the role of stress appraisals and psychological well-being (PWB). Considering the links between PWB, mental health, and retention in the coaching profession, this study will explore primary appraisals and PWB among sports coaches. Guided by our constructivist paradigm that underpinned our relativist ontology and subjectivist epistemology, we conducted theoretically informed semi-structured interviews with six coaches (five men and one woman) who represented both team and individual sports. We analysed data thematically using an abductive approach and constructed 10 composite vignettes that describe a powerful and shared account of the coaches’ lived experiences. The vignettes offer insight to the coaches’ primary appraisals and the impact of stress transactions on PWB. For example, benefit appraisals had a positive impact on environmental mastery and self-acceptance, threat appraisals had a negative impact on autonomy and environmental mastery, and harm/loss appraisals are shown to influence health. Based on these findings, we propose several impactful recommendations for researchers, practitioners, and National Governing Bodies (NGBs). For example, we recommend that practitioners working with coaches should foster positive working relationships with athletes to support coaches’ PWB. Further, we encourage NGBs to work closely with coaches and practitioners to promote safe and favourable working environments, increasing coaches’ autonomy, and maximise flexible working conditions.
- Published
- 2021
11. Psychological stress and psychological well-being among sports coaches: a meta-synthesis of the qualitative research evidence
- Author
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Potts, AJ, Didymus, FF, Kaiseler, M, Potts, AJ, Didymus, FF, and Kaiseler, M
- Abstract
Approximately 200,000 coaches cease coaching each year in the United Kingdom alone. The reasons for this dropout are not fully understood, but they could be linked to the stressful nature of coaching and the potential for this to impede health and psychological well-being (PWB). The aim of this meta-synthesis is to systematically search for and draw together the qualitative research evidence on coaches’ experiences of stressors, primary appraisals, emotions, coping, and PWB. Using a rigorous and systematic search protocol, 11 studies were identified, assessed for research quality, and synthesized thematically to generate new insight. The findings highlight the plethora of stressors that coaches can experience, the impact of coaches’ appraisals on PWB, and the coping families that coaches can use to foster adaptation. In doing so, the meta-synthesis deepens our understanding of coaches’ stress transactions and their experiences of PWB. There is a significant lack of qualitative research evidence on coaches’ appraisals and PWB. Qualitative and or longitudinal research is warranted to develop knowledge in these areas. Such research should be used to develop interventions that are applicable to different coaching populations (e.g. working parents and part-time coaches) to help minimize stressors, facilitate positive appraisals and emotions, and foster PWB.
- Published
- 2021
12. Sustained positive behaviour change of wounded, injured and sick UK military following an adaptive adventure sports and health coaching recovery course
- Author
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Sutton, Rebecca J, Kay, CWP, McKenna, J, Kaiseler, M, Sutton, Rebecca J, Kay, CWP, McKenna, J, and Kaiseler, M
- Abstract
Introduction: A rising trend has occurred in the physical and mental health challenges faced by recovering UK service personnel. To support these individuals, bespoke inclusive multiactivity and adventurous training courses (MAC) have been developed. This study investigated the MAC’s influence on participants’ ability to sustain day-to-day changes that facilitate positive mental health and psychological need satisfaction. Methods: The 146 UK service personnel who participated in this study attended a five-day MAC 12 months ago. To investigate how the supportive experience influenced participants’ lives, quantitative and qualitative data were collected via an online survey. Open-ended questioning and abductive analysis were conducted to understand mechanisms, influential aspects of the course and positive behaviour change. Results: Positive behaviour changes were reported by 74% of the respondents. These changes align with positive psychological well-being (98%). Impactful elements of the course experienced by participants mostly aligned with the three basic psychological needs of autonomy (34%), competence (36%) and relatedness (61%). Conclusions: Recovery support programmes that encompass health coaching adventurous activities, such as the MAC, can initiate long-term positive behaviour change for recovering military personnel. In this specific context, the concurrence of the self-determination theory concepts that underpin the course delivery and participant outcomes is a powerful endorsement of implementation fidelity.
- Published
- 2021
13. Sustained positive behaviour change of wounded, injured and sick UK military following an adaptive adventure sports and health coaching recovery course
- Author
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Sutton, Rebecca J, Kay, C W P, McKenna, J, and Kaiseler, M
- Abstract
IntroductionA rising trend has occurred in the physical and mental health challenges faced by recovering UK service personnel. To support these individuals, bespoke inclusive multiactivity and adventurous training courses (MAC) have been developed. This study investigated the MAC’s influence on participants’ ability to sustain day-to-day changes that facilitate positive mental health and psychological need satisfaction.MethodsThe 146 UK service personnel who participated in this study attended a five-day MAC 12 months ago. To investigate how the supportive experience influenced participants’ lives, quantitative and qualitative data were collected via an online survey. Open-ended questioning and abductive analysis were conducted to understand mechanisms, influential aspects of the course and positive behaviour change.ResultsPositive behaviour changes were reported by 74% of the respondents. These changes align with positive psychological well-being (98%). Impactful elements of the course experienced by participants mostly aligned with the three basic psychological needs of autonomy (34%), competence (36%) and relatedness (61%).ConclusionsRecovery support programmes that encompass health coaching adventurous activities, such as the MAC, can initiate long-term positive behaviour change for recovering military personnel. In this specific context, the concurrence of the self-determination theory concepts that underpin the course delivery and participant outcomes is a powerful endorsement of implementation fidelity.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Understanding Social Networks and Social Support Resources with Sports Coaches
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Didymus, F, Kaiseler, M, Norris, L, Didymus, F, Kaiseler, M, and Norris, L
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- 2020
15. Transitioning from recruit to officer : An investigation of how stress appraisal, and coping influence engagement
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Rodrigues, S, Sinval, J, Queirós, C, Marôco, J, and Kaiseler, M
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- 2019
16. Effects of emotional intelligence and supportive text messages on academic outcomes in first year undergraduates
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Deighton, K, Hudson, J, Manley, AJ, Kaiseler, M, Patterson, LB, Rutherford, ZH, and Swainson, M
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An increase in the number of students entering higher education has intensified the need for 26 targeted strategies to support a wider range of student requirements. Current research suggests 27 that emotional intelligence (EI) may be associated with academic success, progression and 28 retention in university students but the use of EI screening as a prospective measure of success 29 requires further investigation. This study evaluates the utility of prospective EI screening to 30 predict progression rates, mean grades, attendance and online engagement in a sample of first 31 year undergraduate students enrolled on the same degree programme (n=358). A supportive 32 text messaging intervention was employed during potentially stressful periods of the academic 33 year in a subsection of participants (n=60) that demonstrated low total EI scores relative to the 34 cohort. Results showed no effects of EI classification on progression rates, mean grades, 35 attendance and online engagement (all P>0.418). Alternatively, the text messaging intervention 36 was associated with significant improvements compared with a matched control group for 37 progression rates (P=0.027), mean grades (P=0.026) and attendance (P=0.007). The frequency 38 of access to the virtual learning environment also tended to be higher in the intervention group 39 compared with the control group (P=0.059). In conclusion, this study did not identify any 40 benefits of EI screening as a prospective indicator of student success but provides encouraging 41 indications that a text messaging support intervention could help to improve progression rates, 42 mean grades, attendance and online engagement in first year undergraduate students. Further 43 research is warranted to develop these proof-of-concept findings.
- Published
- 2019
17. The independent and interactive effects of the Big Five personality dimensions upon dispositional coping and coping effectiveness in sport
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Kaiseler, M, Levy, Andy, Nicholls, A R, Madigan, D, Kaiseler, M, Levy, Andy, Nicholls, A R, and Madigan, D
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We examined the independent and interactive effects of the Big-Five personality traits on dispositional coping and coping effectiveness among athletes. Participants were 400 athletes (mean age 22.97, s =7.00) from the United Kingdom. The athletes completed measures of personality, dispositional coping, and coping effectiveness. The Big-Five personality traits independently predicted the use of higher-order coping dimensions. Extraversion, agreeableness, and openness positively predicted task-oriented coping. Neuroticism positively predicted distraction-oriented coping, whereas agreeableness, extraversion and conscientiousness were negative predictors. Both extraversion and neuroticism positively predicted disengagement-oriented coping, whereas agreeableness and conscientiousness were negative predictors. Only neuroticism predicted coping effectiveness, which emerged as a negative predictor. Findings also showed a two-way interaction effect for predicting task-oriented coping between neuroticism and openness, and between extraversion and neuroticism. A further two-way interaction effect for predicting distraction-oriented coping was found between agreeableness and conscientiousness. These findings reinforce the need to investigate not only independent, but also interactive effects of personality dimensions upon sport-related dispositional coping.
- Published
- 2019
18. The Impact of an Outdoor and Adventure Sports Course on the Wellbeing of Recovering UK Military Personnel: An Exploratory Study
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Kaiseler, M, Kay, C, Mckenna, J, Kaiseler, M, Kay, C, and Mckenna, J
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UK military personnel have faced increased demands over the last three decades; these have affected their wellbeing and caused multiple physical and mental health problems. Currently, bespoke rehabilitation systems may recommend participation in sports programmes. Although research attention has been drawn to the short-term positive effects of these programmes, their long-term impact on psychological wellbeing is unknown. To address this gap, the current study explored the long-term impact of a sports programme on UK military personnel’s ability to make changes in their day-to-day life through the lens of psychological wellbeing. For this purpose, UK military personnel (n = 97) completed an online survey aiming to provide a quantitative and qualitative picture of their experiences of an outdoor and adventure sports programme, underpinned by the basic psychological needs theory, six months following completion. Findings suggest that 75% of respondents found that the course was useful for facilitating adaptive changes. Content analysis suggests that elements of the course seem to satisfy their basic psychological needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy. Activities initiated six months after the course are mostly aligned with improved psychological wellbeing. Useful theoretical and applied implications are discussed.
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- 2019
19. Exploring stressors and coping among volunteer, part-time and full-time sports coaches
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Potts, A, Didymus, FF, Kaiseler, M, Potts, A, Didymus, FF, and Kaiseler, M
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© 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group The stressor and coping experiences of full-time and paid coaches have been reported in the literature, yet researchers have largely overlooked the experiences of part-time and voluntary coaches who make a substantial contribution to the coaching workforce. This study aimed to begin addressing these voids by exploring volunteer, part-time and full-time coaches’ stressors and coping strategies. In addition, this study aimed to explore both men and women coaches’ experiences of stressors and coping because most published literature has focused on the experiences of male coaches. Guided by our interpretive paradigm and blended constructionist and critical realist perspective, theoretically informed semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 men and women coaches who represented a range of team and individual sports. Data were thematically analysed using an abductive approach. We constructed 141 codes that were represented by three themes of stressors (coach-related, athlete-related and organisational) and 131 codes relating to coping, which we grouped into seven themes (problem-solving, information seeking, escape, negotiation, self-reliance, dyadic coping and support seeking). Based on these findings, we propose several impactful recommendations for researchers and practitioners. For example, we recommend that researchers continue to generate rich understanding of stressors and coping among coaches who are working on different employment bases to work towards the development of effective stress management interventions. Further, we encourage national governing bodies work with practitioners to incorporate specific foci on stress and stress management during coach education programmes to contribute to more effective performance under pressure.
- Published
- 2019
20. Type D personality, stress, coping and performance on a novel sport task
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d'Acquisto, F, Borkoles, E, Kaiseler, M, Evans, A, Ski, CF, Thompson, DR, Polman, RCJ, d'Acquisto, F, Borkoles, E, Kaiseler, M, Evans, A, Ski, CF, Thompson, DR, and Polman, RCJ
- Abstract
We investigated (1) the relationship between Type D personality, stress intensity appraisal of a self-selected stressor, coping, and perceived coping effectiveness and (2) the relationship between Type D personality and performance. In study one, 482 athletes completed the Type D personality questionnaire (DS14), stress thermometer and MCOPE in relation to a recently experienced sport stressor. Type D was associated with increased levels of perceived stress and selection of coping strategies (more emotion and avoidance coping) as well as perceptions of their effectiveness. In study two, 32 participants completed a rugby league circuit task and were assessed on pre-performance anxiety, post-performance affect and coping. Type D was associated with poorer performance (reduced distance; more errors), decreases in pre-performance self-confidence and more use of maladaptive resignation/withdrawal coping. Findings suggest that Type D is associated with maladaptive coping and reduced performance. Type D individuals would benefit from interventions related to mood modification or enhancing interpersonal functioning.
- Published
- 2018
21. Wearable Biomonitoring Platform for the Assessment of Stress and its Impact on Cognitive Performance of Firefighters: An Experimental Study
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Rodrigues, S, Paiva, JS, Dias, D, Pimentel, G, Kaiseler, M, Cunha, JPS, Rodrigues, S, Paiva, JS, Dias, D, Pimentel, G, Kaiseler, M, and Cunha, JPS
- Abstract
Background: Stress is a complex process with an impact on health and performance. The use of wearable sensor-based monitoring systems offers interesting opportunities for advanced health care solutions for stress analysis. Considering the stressful nature of firefighting and its importance for the community’s safety, this study was conducted for firefighters. Objectives: A biomonitoring platform was designed, integrating different biomedical systems to enable the acquisition of real time Electrocardiogram (ECG), computation of linear Heart Rate Variability (HRV) features and collection of perceived stress levels. This platform was tested using an experimental protocol, designed to understand the effect of stress on firefighter’s cognitive performance, and whether this effect is related to the autonomic response to stress. Method: The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) was used as a testing platform along with a 2-Choice Reaction Time Task. Linear HRV features from the participants were acquired using an wearable ECG. Self-reports were used to assess perceived stress levels. Results: The TSST produced significant changes in some HRV parameters (AVNN, SDNN and LF/HF) and subjective measures of stress, which recovered after the stress task. Although these short-term changes in HRV showed a tendency to normalize, an impairment on cognitive performance was found after performing the stress event. Conclusion: Current findings suggested that stress compromised cognitive performance and caused a measurable change in autonomic balance. Our wearable biomonitoring platform proved to be a useful tool for stress assessment and quantification. Future studies will implement this biomonitoring platform for the analysis of stress in ecological settings.
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- 2018
22. Type D personality, stress, coping and performance on a novel sport task.
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Borkoles, E, Kaiseler, M, Evans, A, Ski, CF, Thompson, DR, Polman, RCJ, Borkoles, E, Kaiseler, M, Evans, A, Ski, CF, Thompson, DR, and Polman, RCJ
- Abstract
We investigated (1) the relationship between Type D personality, stress intensity appraisal of a self-selected stressor, coping, and perceived coping effectiveness and (2) the relationship between Type D personality and performance. In study one, 482 athletes completed the Type D personality questionnaire (DS14), stress thermometer and MCOPE in relation to a recently experienced sport stressor. Type D was associated with increased levels of perceived stress and selection of coping strategies (more emotion and avoidance coping) as well as perceptions of their effectiveness. In study two, 32 participants completed a rugby league circuit task and were assessed on pre-performance anxiety, post-performance affect and coping. Type D was associated with poorer performance (reduced distance; more errors), decreases in pre-performance self-confidence and more use of maladaptive resignation/withdrawal coping. Findings suggest that Type D is associated with maladaptive coping and reduced performance. Type D individuals would benefit from interventions related to mood modification or enhancing interpersonal functioning.
- Published
- 2018
23. Ambulatory assessment of psychophysiological stress among police officers: A proof-of-concept study.
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Rodrigues, S, Kaiseler, M, Pimentel, G, Rodrigues, J, Aguiar, A, Queirós, C, Cunha, JPS, Rodrigues, S, Kaiseler, M, Pimentel, G, Rodrigues, J, Aguiar, A, Queirós, C, and Cunha, JPS
- Abstract
Occupational stress has been widely recognized as a global challenge and has received increased attention by the academic community. Ambulatory Assessment methodologies, combining psychophysiological measures of stress, offer a promising avenue for future prevention and/or rehabilitation stress research. Considering that policing is well known for being a particularly stressful occupation, Emergency Responders Officers (EROs) stress levels were investigated. Particularly, this study analyzed: (i) physiological stress data obtained during shifts and compared these data with baseline levels (days off), as well as (ii) with normative values for healthy populations; (iii) stress symptoms differences from beginning to end of shift; (iv) stress events and events intensity and (v) the acceptability and feasibility of this proof-of-concept study in a highly stressful occupation. A Geo-location event system was used to help retrospective accounts of psychological stress, combined with electrocardiogram (ECG) data and mobile self-reports, that include stress symptoms, event types and event intensity. Results suggest that EROs experience high levels of stress (both on-duty and off duty) when compared to healthy populations. Stress symptoms increase from the beginning to end of the shift. However, the mean events intensity was very low. It can be concluded that stress may not always be diagnosed when using merely self-reports. These findings highlight the importance of combining both self-report and physiological stress measures in occupational health contexts. Finally, results confirm the acceptability and feasibility of the multi-method used. Key implications for policy makers and applied practitioners in the area of occupational health and future research directions are discussed.
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- 2018
24. Ambulatory Assessment of Psychophysiological Stress among Police Officers: a Proof-of-Concept Study
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Rodrigues, Susana, primary, Kaiseler, M., additional, Pimentel, G., additional, Rodrigues, J., additional, Aguiar, A., additional, Queirós, C., additional, and Cunha, J. P. S., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Stressors, coping, and well-being among sports coaches : A systematic review
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Norris, L, Didymus, FF, Kaiseler, M, Norris, L, Didymus, FF, and Kaiseler, M
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Objectives Sports coaching can be an inherently stressful occupation because coaches must fulfill multiple roles and cope with various expectations. Further, stress and well-being have implications for coach performance. The objective of this study was, therefore, to conduct a systematic review of literature on stressors, coping, and well-being among sports coaches. Design A systematic review using PRIMSA guidelines. Method Thorough and systematic literature searches of PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science were conducted. To be eligible for inclusion, papers had to be published in the English language between January 1994 and March 2016 and as full papers in peer-reviewed journals. Results The final sample consisted of 38 studies that were conducted with 4188 sports coaches. This sample consisted of 19 qualitative, 17 quantitative, and two mixed methods studies. The findings demonstrate that coaches experience a variety of stressors relating to their performance and that of the athletes they work with in addition to organizational, contextual, interpersonal, and intrapersonal stressors. The findings also highlight that coaches use a variety of coping strategies (e.g., problem solving, social support, escaping the stressful environment) to reduce the negative outcomes of stress. Five studies that were included in this review focused on coaches’ well-being and found that basic psychological needs satisfaction, lack of basic psychological needs thwarting, and self-determined motivation are needed for coaches to be psychologically well. Conclusion Future research should address gaps in extant literature by using longitudinal study designs to explore coaches’ appraisals of stressors, coping effectiveness, social support, and well-being among the unique sports coaching population.
- Published
- 2017
26. The Independent and Interactive Effects of the Big Five Personality Dimensions upon Dispositional Coping and Coping Effectiveness in Sport.
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Kaiseler, M, Levy, A, Nicholls, AR, Madigan, DJ, Kaiseler, M, Levy, A, Nicholls, AR, and Madigan, DJ
- Abstract
We examined the independent and interactive effects of the Big-Five personality traits on dispositional coping and coping effectiveness among athletes. Participants were 400 athletes (mean age 22.97, s =7.00) from the United Kingdom. The athletes completed measures of personality, dispositional coping, and coping effectiveness. The Big-Five personality traits independently predicted the use of higher-order coping dimensions. Extraversion, agreeableness, and openness positively predicted task-oriented coping. Neuroticism positively predicted distraction-oriented coping, whereas agreeableness, extraversion and conscientiousness were negative predictors. Both extraversion and neuroticism positively predicted disengagement-oriented coping, whereas agreeableness and conscientiousness were negative predictors. Only neuroticism predicted coping effectiveness, which emerged as a negative predictor. Findings also showed a two-way interaction effect for predicting task-oriented coping between neuroticism and openness, and between extraversion and neuroticism. A further two-way interaction effect for predicting distraction-oriented coping was found between agreeableness and conscientiousness. These findings reinforce the need to investigate not only independent, but also interactive effects of personality dimensions upon sport-related dispositional coping.
- Published
- 2017
27. The Relationship Between Mindfulness and Life Stress in Student-Athletes : The Mediating Role of Coping Effectiveness and Decision Rumination
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Kaiseler, M, Poolton, JM, Backhouse, SH, Stanger, N, Kaiseler, M, Poolton, JM, Backhouse, SH, and Stanger, N
- Abstract
The role of dispositional mindfulness on stress in student-athletes and factors that mediate this relationship has yet to be examined. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the facets of mindfulness and life stress in student-athletes and whether these relationships are mediated through coping effectiveness and decision rumination. Participants were 202 student-athletes who completed validated measures of dispositional mindfulness, student-athlete life stress, decision rumination and coping effectiveness in sport. Results indicated that the acting with awareness and non-judging facets of mindfulness were negative predictors of life stress, whereas the observe facet was a positive predictor of life stress. Mediation analyses revealed that these relationships were mediated through coping effectiveness and decision rumination. Findings provide new insight into the role dispositional mindfulness plays on student-athlete perceptions of life stress and implications for practitioners are discussed.
- Published
- 2017
28. Can physical activity reduce work-related stress interventions: What do we know?
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Smith, CF, Kaiseler, M, and McKenna, J
- Abstract
Work-related stress (WRS) has reached critical levels with the related costs being felt at individual, organisational and national levels. Although physical activity (PA) is associated with positive physical, psychological and cognitive outcomes, little is known about the direct and indirect effects of PA in alleviating WRS and potential savings. A recent meta-analysis (Richardson and Rothstein, 2008) concluded that cognitive behavioural therapy is more effective than PA for managing WRS. However, this conclusion was based on only 4 of 55 interventions using PA. Recent neurological evidence suggests that PA may have a powerful role in managing WRS. To progress this area, a new review will examine emerging evidence and propose an innovative methodology to build on previous recommendations. Previous research analysing the effects of PA on WRS has consistently failed to consider multidisciplinary nature of stress and has found interventions are often prescriptive and insufficiently underpinned by theoretical frameworks.
- Published
- 2015
29. The independent and interactive effects of the Big-Five personality dimensions upon dispositional coping and coping effectiveness in sport
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Kaiseler, M., primary, Levy, A., additional, Nicholls, A.R., additional, and Madigan, D.J., additional
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- 2017
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30. INVESTIGATING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE BIG-FIVE AND DISPOSITIONAL COPING IN SPORT
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Kaiseler, M, Levy, A, Radmann, A, Hedenborg, S, and Tsolakidis, E
- Abstract
Introduction It has been recommended (Allen, Greenlees, & Jones, 2011) that future research should consider how personality traits interact in determining specific types of sport related coping. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore what combinations of the Big-Five personality taxonomy are associated with sport-related coping. Methods Data was collected among four hundred UK athletes (male n = 237, female n = 163), aged between 18-48 years (Mage = 22,97 SD =7,0). Participants completed the Big-Five Inventory (BFI; John, Donahue, & Kentle, 1991) and the 37-item Dispositional Coping Inventory for Competitive Sport (DCICS;Hurst, Thompson, Visek, & Gaudreau, 2011). Results Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted for each coping subscale. At step one demographic variables were entered, at step two the Big-Five personality traits were added, and at step 3 two-way interaction effects were included. For task-oriented coping, the inclusion of a two-way interaction effect (R2adj = .255) showed a significant effect for the interaction between extraversion and neuroticism (β = -.19, P < .001), alongside neuroticism and openness (β = .15, P < .01). For distraction coping, the inclusion of a two-way interaction showed a significant interaction (R2adj = .380) for agreeableness and conscientiousness (β = .20, P < .001). Finally, for disengagement coping a significant two-way interaction effect (R2adj = .403) was found for extraversion and neuroticism (β = -.10, P < .05). Discussion Findings revealed that athletes who were low neurotic in conjunction with high extraversion and openness were more likely to report task-oriented coping. Distraction-oriented coping was preferred by athletes low in both conscientiousness and agreeableness traits. Finally, low extraversion and high neuroticism was associated with greater use of disengagement-oriented coping. The current findings reinforce the need to investigate the interactive effects of personality dimensions upon sport-related coping. Doing so would assist applied practitioners to maximise the potential of coping-related interventions by targeting particular personality profiles.
- Published
- 2015
31. Psychophysiological Assessment of Stress Under Ecological Settings
- Author
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Susana Cristina Rodrigues, Kaiseler,M, and Queirós,C
- Published
- 2015
32. The independent and interactive effects of the Big-Five personality dimensions upon dispositional coping and coping effectiveness in sport.
- Author
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Kaiseler, M., Levy, A., Nicholls, A.R., and Madigan, D.J.
- Subjects
PERSONALITY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,AGREEABLENESS ,EXTRAVERSION ,NEUROTICISM ,CONSCIENTIOUSNESS ,SPORTS - Abstract
We examined the independent and interactive effects of the Big-Five personality traits on dispositional coping and coping effectiveness among athletes. Participants were 400 athletes (mean age 22.97, s = 7.00) from the UK. The athletes completed measures of personality, dispositional coping, and coping effectiveness. The Big-Five personality traits independently predicted the use of higher order coping dimensions. Extraversion, agreeableness, and openness positively predicted task-oriented coping. Neuroticism positively predicted distraction-oriented coping, whereas agreeableness, extraversion, and conscientiousness were negative predictors. Both extraversion and neuroticism positively predicted disengagement-oriented coping, whereas agreeableness and conscientiousness were negative predictors. Only neuroticism predicted coping effectiveness, which emerged as a negative predictor. Findings also showed a two-way interaction effect for predicting task-oriented coping between neuroticism and openness, and between extraversion and neuroticism. A further two-way interaction effect for predicting distraction-oriented coping was found between agreeableness and conscientiousness. These findings reinforce the need to investigate not only independent, but also interactive effects of personality dimensions upon sport-related dispositional coping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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33. VOCE Corpus: Ecologically Collected Speech Annotated with Physiological and Psychological Stress Assessments
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Aguiar, A, Kaiseler, M, Cunha, M, Meinedo, H, Silva, J, Abrudan, T, and Almeida, PR
- Abstract
Public speaking is a widely requested professional skill, and at the same time an activity that causes one of the most common adult phobias (Miller and Stone, 2009). It is also known that the study of stress under laboratory conditions, as it is most commonly done, may provide only limited ecological validity (Wilhelm and Grossman, 2010). Previously, we introduced an inter-disciplinary methodology to enable collecting a large amount of recordings under consistent conditions (Aguiar et al., 2013). This paper introduces the VOCE corpus of speech annotated with stress indicators under naturalistic public speaking (PS) settings. The novelty of this corpus is that the recordings are carried out in objectively stressful PS situations, as recommended in (Zanstra and Johnston, 2011). The current database contains a total of 38 recordings, 13 of which contain full psychological and physiologic annotation. We show that the collected recordings validate the assumptions of the methodology, namely that participants experience stress during the PS events. We describe the various metrics that can be used for physiologic and psychological annotation, and we characterise the sample collected so far, providing evidence that demographics do not affect the relevant psychological or physiologic annotation. The collection activities are on-going, and we expect to increase the number of complete recordings in the corpus to 30 by June 2014.
- Published
- 2014
34. A mobile sensing approach to stress detection and memory activation for public bus drivers
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Rodrigues, JGP, Kaiseler, M, Aguiar, A, Cunha, JPS, Barros, J, Rodrigues, JGP, Kaiseler, M, Aguiar, A, Cunha, JPS, and Barros, J
- Abstract
Experience of daily stress among bus drivers has shown to affect physical and psychological health, and can impact driving behavior and overall road safety. Although previous research consistently supports these findings, little attention has been dedicated to the design of a stress detection method able to synchronize physiologic and psychological stress responses of public bus drivers in their day-to-day routine work. To overcome this limitation, we propose a mobile sensing approach to detect georeferenced stress responses and facilitate memory recall of the stressful situations. Data was collected among public bus drivers in the city of Porto, Portugal (145 hours, 36 bus drivers, +2300 km) and results supported the validation of our approach among this population and allowed us to determine specific stressor categories within certain areas of the city. Furthermore, data collected through-out the city allowed us to produce a citywide ”stress map” that can be used for spotting areas in need of local authority intervention. The enriching findings suggest that our system can be a promising tool to support applied occupational health interventions for public bus drivers and guide authorities’ interventions to improve these aspects in ”future” cities.
- Published
- 2015
35. Psychophysiological assessment of stress under ecological settings: A systematic review
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Rodrigues, S, Kaiseler, M, Queirós, C, Rodrigues, S, Kaiseler, M, and Queirós, C
- Abstract
Stress can negatively impact one’s health and well-being, however despite the recent evolution in stress assessment research methodologies, little agreement still exist about stress conceptualization and assessment. In an attempt to summarize and reflect on this evolution this paper aimed to systematically review research evidence of ecological approaches on psycho-physiological stress assessment. Thus, a literature search of electronic databases was conducted spanning 22 years (1990 – 2012) and 55 studies were reviewed. Studies were considered for inclusion if they contemplated both psychological and physiological measures of stress under ecological settings. This review focused on five themes: methodologies terminology; research population; study design; measurement and technology. Findings support the need to use a common methodology terminology in order to increase scientific rigor. Additionally, there seems to be an increasing tendency for the use of these methods by multidisciplinary teams among both clinical and non-clinical populations aiming to understand the relationship between stress and disease. Most of the studies reviewed contemplated a time-based protocol and different conceptualizations of stress were found resulting in the use of different subjective measures. Findings reinforce the importance of combining subjective and objective measures while also controlling for possible time or situation dependent confounders. Advances in technology were evident and different assessment techniques were found. The benefits and challenges of ecological protocols to assess stress are discussed and recommendations for future research are provided, aiming to overcome previous limitations and advance scientific knowledge in the area.
- Published
- 2015
36. Burnout as predictor of aggressivity among police officers
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Queirós, C, Kaiseler, M, Leitão da Silva, A, Queirós, C, Kaiseler, M, and Leitão da Silva, A
- Abstract
This paper aims to understand the relationship between aggressivity and burnout among police officers, more precisely, it investigates whether burnout is a predictor of aggressivity among police officers. The study focuses on the relationship between burnout and aggressivity, using regression analysis to identify aggressivity predictors. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to measure burnout, while the Aggression Questionnaire was used to measure aggressivity. A cross-sectional study collected data from 274 male police officers (from PSP – Portuguese Police of Public Security) exercising urban patrol tasks in Porto or Lisbon. Low burnout and moderate aggressivity levels were found, with positive significant correlations. Regression analysis reveals that burnout, more than socio-demographic characteristics, predicts 13% to 22% of aggressivity. In particular, feelings of high depersonalisation and low personal accomplishment are the burnout dimensions that most strongly explain anger and aggressivity, whereas emotional exhaustion only explains 4% of verbalaggression. The study highlights the need to develop prevention strategies of stress, aiming to avoid the development of burnout as occupational chronic stress, and decreasing the risk of developing aggressivity among police officers. Despite the wide literature in the area of police officers’ burnout and individual characteristics (e.g. aggressivity proneness as a personality trait), there is limited research on the relationship between burnout and aggressivity. Within democratic societies where excessive use of force by police officers is criticised, aggressivity predicted by burnout reinforces the need to prevent occupational stress that leads to burnout.
- Published
- 2015
37. Are standard heart rate variability measures associated with the self-perception of stress of firefighters in action?
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Gomes, P., primary, Kaiseler, M., additional, Lopes, B., additional, Faria, S., additional, Queiros, C., additional, and Coimbra, M., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Vital Analysis: Annotating sensed physiological signals with the stress levels of first responders in action
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Gomes, P., primary, Kaiseler, M., additional, Queiros, C., additional, Oliveira, M., additional, Lopes, B., additional, and Coimbra, M., additional
- Published
- 2012
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39. Gender differences in appraisal and coping: An examination of the situational and dispositional hypothesis
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Kaiseler, M., Remco Polman, and Nicholls, A. R.
40. Linking Perfectionism with Moral Behaviors in Sport: The Mediating Role of Burnout and Moral Disengagement.
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Stanger N, Jowett GE, Kaiseler M, and Williams TL
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Young Adult, Adult, Sports psychology, Burnout, Psychological psychology, Adolescent, Social Behavior, Burnout, Professional psychology, Athletes psychology, Perfectionism, Morals
- Abstract
Purpose : Research has identified a range of intrapersonal variables associated with moral behaviors in sport. However, research investigating how perfectionism and burnout are associated with prosocial and antisocial behavior toward teammates and opponents in sport has received scant attention. In the present study, we address this issue by examining whether perfectionism is associated with prosocial and antisocial behavior in sport directly and indirectly via burnout and moral disengagement. Method : A total of 312 team sport players completed validated measures for each variable. Results : Path analyses revealed that perfectionistic concerns had a negative relationship with prosocial behavior toward teammates and an indirect positive association with antisocial behavior toward both teammates and opponents via being positively associated with burnout, which in turn, was positively associated with moral disengagement. In contrast, perfectionistic strivings had a positive association with prosocial behavior toward teammates, and an indirect positive association with antisocial behavior toward teammates and opponents via moral disengagement. Conclusion : Our findings offer new insights into how perfectionism and burnout are associated with prosocial and antisocial behavior in sport, as well as highlight the need to consider perfectionistic tendencies and approaches to help reduce burnout and moral disengagement in the regulation of antisocial behavior in sport.
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- 2024
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41. Sustained positive behaviour change of wounded, injured and sick UK military following an adaptive adventure sports and health coaching recovery course.
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Sutton RJ, Kay CWP, McKenna J, and Kaiseler M
- Subjects
- Humans, Health Promotion, Mental Health, United Kingdom, Military Personnel, Mentoring
- Abstract
Introduction: A rising trend has occurred in the physical and mental health challenges faced by recovering UK service personnel. To support these individuals, bespoke inclusive multiactivity and adventurous training courses (MAC) have been developed. This study investigated the MAC's influence on participants' ability to sustain day-to-day changes that facilitate positive mental health and psychological need satisfaction., Methods: The 146 UK service personnel who participated in this study attended a five-day MAC 12 months ago. To investigate how the supportive experience influenced participants' lives, quantitative and qualitative data were collected via an online survey. Open-ended questioning and abductive analysis were conducted to understand mechanisms, influential aspects of the course and positive behaviour change., Results: Positive behaviour changes were reported by 74% of the respondents. These changes align with positive psychological well-being (98%). Impactful elements of the course experienced by participants mostly aligned with the three basic psychological needs of autonomy (34%), competence (36%) and relatedness (61%)., Conclusions: Recovery support programmes that encompass health coaching adventurous activities, such as the MAC, can initiate long-term positive behaviour change for recovering military personnel. In this specific context, the concurrence of the self-determination theory concepts that underpin the course delivery and participant outcomes is a powerful endorsement of implementation fidelity., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2023
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42. Psychological support within tier 2 adult weight management services, are we doing enough for people with mental health needs? A mixed-methods survey.
- Author
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Marwood J, Brown T, Kaiseler M, Clare K, Feeley A, Blackshaw J, and Ells LJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Health, Counseling
- Abstract
Depression and obesity are two of the most highly prevalent global public health concerns. Obesity and poor mental health are strongly associated, and it is likely that mental health needs are common in people seeking weight management services. The aim was to identify what psychological support is provided and required in tier 2 adult weight management services (T2 WMS). Online survey was conducted: quantitative data were summarized, and open-ended free-text questions were coded and thematically analysed. Participants were current or recent service users with self-reported mental health needs (n = 27), commissioners (n = 9) or providers (n = 17). Over half of service users did not feel their mental health needs were met and 60% said they would like additional psychological support within T2 WMS. Findings highlight the lack of psychological and emotional support. Psychological support and behaviour change techniques are conflated, with a lack of clear understanding or definition of what psychological support is, either between or within service users, providers, and commissioners. Moving towards more person-centred care, better identification and triaging of those living with mental health issues, together with improved resources and training of providers, is crucial to improve outcomes for people living with obesity and poor mental health., (© 2023 The Authors. Clinical Obesity published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of World Obesity Federation.)
- Published
- 2023
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43. APPetite: Validation of a smartphone app-based tool for the remote measure of free-living subjective appetite.
- Author
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Holliday A, Johnson KO, Kaiseler M, and Crabtree DR
- Abstract
This study determined the validity, reproducibility and usability of a smartphone app - APPetite - for the measure of free-living, subjective appetite. Validity was assessed compared with the criterion tool of pen-and-paper visual analogue scale (VAS) (n=22). Appetite was recorded using APPetite and VAS, one immediately after the other, upon waking and every hour thereafter for twelve hours. This was repeated the next day with the order of tool reversed. Agreement between tools was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis. Reproducibility and usability were assessed in a separate experiment (n=22) of two trials (APPetite vs. VAS), separated by seven days. Appetite was recorded in duplicate upon waking and every hour for twelve hours using APPetite or VAS. Agreement between duplicate measures was assessed using Bland-Altman analysis and coefficient of variation (CV) was compared between tools. Usability was assessed by comparing compliance and by qualitative evaluation. APPetite demonstrated good criterion validity with trivial bias of 1.65 units/mm·hr-1 between APPetite- and VAS-derived AUC appetite scores. Limits of agreement were within a maximum allowed difference of 10%. However, proportional bias was observed. APPetite demonstrated high reproducibility, with minimal bias (-0.578 units·hr-1) and no difference in CV between APPetite and VAS (1.29±1.42% vs 1.54±2.36%, p = 0.64). Compliance was high with APPetite (92.7±8.0%) and VAS (91.6±20.4%, p = 0.81). Ninety percent of participants preferred APPetite, citing greater accessibility, simplified process and easier/quicker use. While proportional bias precludes using APPetite and VAS interchangeably, APPetite appears a valid, reproducible and highly usable tool for measuring free-living appetite in young-to-middle-aged adults.
- Published
- 2021
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44. Correction: Kaiseler, M., et al. The Impact of an Outdoor and Adventure Sports Course on the Wellbeing of Recovering UK Military Personnel: An Exploratory Study. Sports 2019, 7(5) , 112.
- Author
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Kaiseler M, Kay C, and McKenna J
- Abstract
The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...].
- Published
- 2020
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45. The Impact of an Outdoor and Adventure Sports Course on the Wellbeing of Recovering UK Military Personnel: An Exploratory Study.
- Author
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Kaiseler M, Kay C, and McKenna J
- Abstract
UK military personnel have faced increased demands over the last three decades; these have affected their wellbeing and caused multiple physical and mental health problems. Currently, bespoke rehabilitation systems may recommend participation in sports programmes. Although research attention has been drawn to the short-term positive effects of these programmes, their long-term impact on psychological wellbeing is unknown. To address this gap, the current study explored the long-term impact of a sports programme on UK military personnel's ability to make changes in their day-to-day life through the lens of psychological wellbeing. For this purpose, UK military personnel (n = 97) completed an online survey aiming to provide a quantitative and qualitative picture of their experiences of an outdoor and adventure sports programme, underpinned by the basic psychological needs theory, six months following completion. Findings suggest that 75% of respondents found that the course was useful for facilitating adaptive changes. Content analysis suggests that elements of the course seem to satisfy their basic psychological needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy. Activities initiated six months after the course are mostly aligned with improved psychological wellbeing. Useful theoretical and applied implications are discussed.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Wearable Biomonitoring Platform for the Assessment of Stress and its Impact on Cognitive Performance of Firefighters: An Experimental Study.
- Author
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Rodrigues S, Paiva JS, Dias D, Pimentel G, Kaiseler M, and Cunha JPS
- Abstract
Background: Stress is a complex process with an impact on health and performance. The use of wearable sensor-based monitoring systems offers interesting opportunities for advanced health care solutions for stress analysis. Considering the stressful nature of firefighting and its importance for the community's safety, this study was conducted for firefighters., Objectives: A biomonitoring platform was designed, integrating different biomedical systems to enable the acquisition of real time Electrocardiogram (ECG), computation of linear Heart Rate Variability (HRV) features and collection of perceived stress levels. This platform was tested using an experimental protocol, designed to understand the effect of stress on firefighter's cognitive performance, and whether this effect is related to the autonomic response to stress., Method: The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) was used as a testing platform along with a 2-Choice Reaction Time Task. Linear HRV features from the participants were acquired using an wearable ECG. Self-reports were used to assess perceived stress levels., Results: The TSST produced significant changes in some HRV parameters (AVNN, SDNN and LF/HF) and subjective measures of stress, which recovered after the stress task. Although these short-term changes in HRV showed a tendency to normalize, an impairment on cognitive performance was found after performing the stress event., Conclusion: Current findings suggested that stress compromised cognitive performance and caused a measurable change in autonomic balance. Our wearable biomonitoring platform proved to be a useful tool for stress assessment and quantification. Future studies will implement this biomonitoring platform for the analysis of stress in ecological settings.
- Published
- 2018
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47. Type D personality, stress, coping and performance on a novel sport task.
- Author
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Borkoles E, Kaiseler M, Evans A, Ski CF, Thompson DR, and Polman RCJ
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Athletes psychology, Athletic Performance, Competitive Behavior, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Perception, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Adaptation, Psychological, Sports, Stress, Psychological, Type D Personality
- Abstract
We investigated (1) the relationship between Type D personality, stress intensity appraisal of a self-selected stressor, coping, and perceived coping effectiveness and (2) the relationship between Type D personality and performance. In study one, 482 athletes completed the Type D personality questionnaire (DS14), stress thermometer and MCOPE in relation to a recently experienced sport stressor. Type D was associated with increased levels of perceived stress and selection of coping strategies (more emotion and avoidance coping) as well as perceptions of their effectiveness. In study two, 32 participants completed a rugby league circuit task and were assessed on pre-performance anxiety, post-performance affect and coping. Type D was associated with poorer performance (reduced distance; more errors), decreases in pre-performance self-confidence and more use of maladaptive resignation/withdrawal coping. Findings suggest that Type D is associated with maladaptive coping and reduced performance. Type D individuals would benefit from interventions related to mood modification or enhancing interpersonal functioning.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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48. Stress appraisal, coping, and work engagement among police recruits: an exploratory study.
- Author
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Kaiseler M, Queirós C, Passos F, and Sousa P
- Subjects
- Adult, Humans, Male, Motivation, Young Adult, Adaptation, Psychological, Police, Stress, Psychological, Work
- Abstract
This study investigated the influence of stress appraisal and coping on work engagement levels (Absorption, Vigour, and Dedication) of police recruits. Participants were 387 men, ages 20 to 33 yr. (M = 24.1, SD = 2.4), in their last month of academy training before becoming police officers. Partially in support of predictions, work engagement was associated with Stressor control perceived, but not Stress intensity experienced over a self-selected stressor. Although the three dimensions of work engagement were explained by Stressor control and coping, Absorption was the dimension better explained by these variables. Police recruits reporting higher Absorption, Vigour, and Dedication reported using more Active coping and less Behavioural disengagement. Results showed that stress appraisal and coping are important variables influencing work engagement among police recruits. Findings suggested that future applied interventions fostering work engagement among police recruits should reinforce perceptions of control over a stressor as well as Active coping strategies.
- Published
- 2014
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49. Predictors of burnout among nurses: an interactionist approach.
- Author
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Queiros C, Carlotto MS, Kaiseler M, Dias S, and Pereira AM
- Subjects
- Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Job Satisfaction, Male, Risk Factors, Burnout, Professional epidemiology, Nursing, Nursing Staff, Hospital
- Abstract
Background: Nurses' practice involves working in complex organizational settings and facing multiple stressors over time that can lead to burnout. This study aimed to identify predictors of burnout among nurses working in hospitals., Method: A sample of 1,157 participants from four hospitals in the city of Porto (Portugal) was investigated (78% women, mean age = 34.7 years) using socio-demographic and work variable questionnaires, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), Personal Views Survey (PVS), Job Satisfaction Scale (S20/23), and Survey Work-Home Interaction - NijmeGen (SWING)., Results: Multiple linear hierarchical regression analyses (stepwise method) showed that gender, age, years of experience at work, working in more than one institution, being involved in management positions, job satisfaction, hardiness, and experience of work-home and home-work interaction, seem to be predictors of burnout among nurses., Conclusions: This study adds support to the interactionist approach to burnout. In other words, it is crucial to investigate the relationship between several factors such as socio-demographic, work, and personality factors to understand burnout. Additionally, these findings should be taken into account when designing burnout prevention programs for nurses working in hospitals.
- Published
- 2013
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50. Are standard heart rate variability measures associated with the self-perception of stress of firefighters in action?
- Author
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Gomes P, Kaiseler M, Lopes B, Faria S, Queirós C, and Coimbra M
- Subjects
- Adult, Cell Phone, Humans, Male, Time Factors, Firefighters psychology, Heart Rate physiology, Self Concept, Stress, Psychological physiopathology, Stress, Psychological psychology
- Abstract
Stress is a major factor for the degradation of cardiac health in first responder professionals such as firefighters. Monitoring stress during real events might be the key for controlling this problem. In this paper we inspect how standard heart rate variability (HRV) measures are associated with the self-perception of stress of firefighters in action, supported by an advanced technological solution to acquire this data. Results obtained from more than 94 hours of annotated ECG recordings of firefighters in action are promising, showing positive association with various standard HRV measures. Given the richness of the gathered data, we have also measured the association of the HRV measures with the stage of a firefighting event (pre, during, post), obtaining some interesting results that hint that the psychological impact of the post-event may be one of the most concerning situations for a firefighter, motivating further studies on this in the future.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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