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In the published article, an author name was incorrectly written as [Sara Laura Cortés-Amaro]. The correct spelling is [Sara Cortés-Amaro]. The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.

Background: The study of physiotherapy is challenging and can affect the students’ well-being and quality of life. The aim of this study was to describe and compare factors that could affect well-being among students across Europe. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire survey, students of bachelor’s physiotherapy programs from 23 European faculties, from 8 countries, were interviewed on mental health and stress burden, sleep quality, dietary habits, and physical activity. Results: Although 75% of students rated their quality of life positively and 47% were satisfied with their mental health, 65% showed higher levels of stress and 51% described impaired sleep quality. The minimum physical activity of 150 min weekly was described by 79% of students, within which 67% engaged in strengthening twice a week. Students with a higher stress load/worse psychological health also showed worse sleep quality and lower amount of physical activity, women were significantly worse off. In terms of physical activity and sleep quality, students from Finland and Kosovo achieved the best results, while students from Italy, Greece, and Portugal achieved the worst. Students from Italy indicated the greatest dissatisfaction with the organisation of the study system and communication with teachers, while in Kosovo students rated the communication and study organisation the highest. All students had a problem with adhering to nutritional habits. Students from Italy and Spain, with the lowest body mass indexes and weight averages, were closest to the nutrition recommendations. Conclusion: We demonstrated that physiotherapy students are burdened with stress, suffer from sleep disorders, and do not follow the recommendations regarding nutrition nor physical activity. There are significant differences between universities and countries in some aspects.

Background: Sedentary behaviour is a major problem in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, little is known about the related factors of sedentary behaviour in MS. Our study aimed to examine the association between sedentary behaviour and physical activity level, fear of falling, and fatigue. Method: Demographic and clinical data have been recorded. Sedentary behaviour was assessed with the Marshall Sitting Questionnaire, physical activity level was evaluated with the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire, fear of falling was evaluated with the Fall Efficacy Scale International, and fatigue was evaluated with the modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS). The Timed 25-Foot Walk, 6-Minute Walk Test, Timed Up and Go Test, and 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale were also used to assess walking and perceived walking disability. Results: We recruited 71 pwMS [49 were female (69 %), mean age:38.08 years, median EDSS:1.5]. The mean daily sitting time was 593.54 min (∼10 h). No significant correlation was found between sitting times and demographics, leisure time physical activity, fear of falling, walking, perceived walking disability, and neurological disability level (p > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that being male increased the risk of sedentary behaviour by 3.08 times, being employed increased the risk of sitting by 4.65 times, and each point increase in MFIS scores resulted in a 1.03-fold elevation in the odds of prolonged sitting. Conclusion: The fact that pwMS, even with a mild disability spend almost 10 h sitting highlights the significance of sedentary behaviour in this population. Developing strategies to address modifiable factors, such as fatigue, may be effective in reducing sedentary behaviour.

Background The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical therapy services for people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) is unknown. Therefore, the Special Interest Group for Mobility (SIG Mobility) of the European Network for Best Practice and Research in Multiple Sclerosis Rehabilitation (RIMS) has undertaken the initiative to examine the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on physical therapy services and physical activity participation in pwMS across Europe, Israel and Australia. Objective To describe the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on physical therapy practice from the perspective of the therapist. Methods An online survey was developed and conducted from December 2020 to July 2021. The survey (50 questions), included multiple-choice questions and open-ended responses. Results In total, 215 physical therapists (PT's) from 9 countries (Australia, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Norway, Spain, and Turkey) participated in the study. The therapy most affected during the pandemic was aerobic training/conditioning exercises; 33.5% reported that these activities were either reduced or unavailable. In contrast, 15% of the PTs reported increased use of relaxation/mind body techniques and/or fatigue management programs during the pandemic. PTs reported a mixture of positive and negative feelings about the therapeutic sessions offered during the pandemic. Most reported positive feelings included “positive” (26.5%), and “optimistic” (24.7%). Negative feelings most frequently reported included “worried” (30.7%), and “hesitant” (20.9%). The PTs reported a 10% decrease in the use of hands-on techniques and a 10% increase in the use of oral instructions when treating moderately and severely pwMS during as compared to before the pandemic. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has affected physical therapy services in pwMS internationally in terms of content, frequency of use and format.

Deze scriptie doet verslag van het onderzoek naar het implementatieproces van nieuw sportaanbod bij sportbonden en hoe zich dit verhoudt met de cultuur en structuur van de sportbond. Het onderzoek heeft als doel om sportbonden handvaten te bieden voor de ontwikkeling en implementatie van nieuw sportaanbod. Sportbonden starten namelijk steeds meer met het aanbieden van ander sportaanbod dan de klassieke verenigingssport. NOC*NSF en de aangesloten sportbonden hebben uitgesproken (Sportagenda 2017+), dat fundamentele aanpassingen doorgevoerd moeten worden om aansluiting te krijgen op de veranderende sportwereld. De manier waarop mensen sporten verandert namelijk: het aantal sporters stijgt, maar het marktaandeel van de verenigingsleden daalt. Waar de vereniging voorheen de enige plek was om te sporten, groeit het aantal commerciële sportaanbieders. Sportbonden willen ook deze groep sporters bedienen met ander sportaanbod, maar dit sportaanbod heeft wel een andere benadering dan de klassieke verenigingssport. Het nieuwe sportaanbod is gericht op flexibiliteit, laagdrempeligheid en kortere lidmaatschapen. Terwijl het klassieke sportaanbod via de vereniging gericht is op een jaar lang committeren aan vaste momenten van sporten en bijbehorende vrijwilligerswerk binnen de vereniging. Het nieuwe sportaanbod dient anders aangepakt en ingericht te worden en dat heeft gevolgen voor de organisatie van de sportbond. Deze ontwikkelingen binnen de sport zijn aanleiding tot dit onderzoek met de volgende hoofdvraag: Welke factoren zijn van invloed op de implementatie van nieuw sportaanbod bij sportbonden (zoals 3x3 basketball, Kicks, Baseball 5 en Flexhockey) en hoe verhouden deze zich tot de bestaande structuur en cultuur van de sportbonden? Om deze hoofdvraag te beantwoorden zijn er tien interviews gehouden met betrokkenen van vier nieuw sportaanbod, namelijk: 3x3 Basketball (Nederlandse Basketball Bond), Flexhockey (Koninklijke Nederlandse Hockey Bond), Kicks (Koninklijke Nederlan