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2. Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author

Bethlehem, R. A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, J. W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-Gonzalez, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, B., Ayub, M., Bae, J., Ball, G., Baron-Cohen, S., Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, F., Blangero, J., Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, A., Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, F., Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, S., Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, G., Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galan-Garcia, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, D. C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, N. A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, O., Hedden, T., Heinz, A., Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, A. J., Holt, R., Huang, H., Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, Jr, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, D. T., Kahn, R. S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, S., Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, M. V., Lv, J., Lynch, C., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, M., Markello, R. D., Mathias, S. R., Mazoyer, B., McGuire, P., Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, A., Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, D., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, R., Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, C., Park, M. M., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Paz-Linares, D., Pichet Binette, A., Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, J., Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero-Garcia, R., Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, T. D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, G., Schöll, M., Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, I., Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, D. J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, J., Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, R., Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, S. L., van Amelsvoort, T., Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, A., Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, E., Westwater, M. L., Whalley, H. C., Witte, A. V., Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, A., Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., and Alexander-Bloch, A. F.

Published
2022
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3. First Observational Evidence That Dust‐Driven Cloud Phase Changes Cool the Surface Over Summertime Arctic Sea Ice.

Author

Zamora, L. M. and Kahn, R. A.

Subjects
*SULFATE aerosols, *CLOUD droplets, *ICE clouds, *SURFACE temperature, *AEROSOLS
Abstract

Cloud phase has important impacts on Arctic surface temperatures, and circumstantial evidence suggests that dust aerosols have strong regional impacts on Arctic cloud phase. We used 7 years of satellite observations and model and reanalysis products to control for co‐varying meteorology, and to assess how dust and other aerosols impact cloud phase and cloud radiative effects over the summertime sea ice. We focus on clouds at 3 km, where dust modeling is most accurate. There is strong indication that dust aerosols caused about 4.5% of clouds below −15°C to change phase, with smaller effects at higher temperatures. Sulfate has a smaller impact on cloud phase. Dust is associated with cloud‐mediated surface cooling of up to a 6.3 W m−2 below single‐layer clouds at ∼3 km in June. This is the first observational study to constrain likely dust‐related cloud radiative effects over the summertime Arctic sea ice. Plain Language Summary: The amount of liquid and ice in clouds affects how much they warm or cool the surface in the rapidly warming Arctic. Dust aerosols cause cloud droplets to freeze and may be why clouds at similar temperatures are substantially icier over the Arctic than over the cleaner Antarctic. We used satellites and model information to better understand how clouds containing some dust were different from other clouds in similar meteorological conditions over summertime sea ice. At 3 km, where dust modeling is most reliable, about 4.5% more clouds below −15°C either contain some ice particles mixed with liquid droplets, or become fully composed of ice particles when dust is present. This occurs less often at warmer temperatures. Sulfate aerosol also seems to have an effect, though smaller, on the amount of liquid and ice in Arctic summertime clouds. Dustier clouds also cool the surface more than clouds with lower dust amounts. Key Points: Dust causes a fraction of Arctic clouds to change phase, leading to summertime cooling over sea iceThis is the first observational study to constrain likely dust‐related cloud radiative effects in this regionChanges to the cloud radiative effect (1.5 to 6.3 W m−2) may be underestimated here due to uncertainties in near‐surface dust concentrations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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4. Reaching for Duration and Leverage in the Treasury Market.

Author

Barth, Daniel, Kahn, R. Jay, Monin, Phillip, and Sokolinskiy, Oleg

Subjects
MUTUAL funds, FUTURES, RATE of return, MORTGAGE-backed securities, GOVERNMENT securities
Abstract

We show substantial variation in mutual funds' use of Treasury futures, both over time and across funds. This variation from mutual funds drives much of the time series variation in aggregate Treasury futures open interest, including over 60% of the recent rise in Treasury futures positions. We provide evidence these Treasury futures positions are largely attributable to mutual funds "reaching for duration" in order to track the duration of a benchmark index with high cash Treasury exposure. Specifically, we show mutual funds use futures to fill the gap between their portfolio and the index that results when they tilt their cash positions toward higher return but lower duration assets, such as mortgage-backed securities and equities, and away from cash Treasuries. Treasury futures positions are more common in mutual funds which indicate a focus on dual objectives of duration management and total return whose style has a higher allocation to Treasuries. Reaching for duration allows funds to track their index better at lower cost, but increases leverage in the Treasury market both through mutual funds long Treasury futures positions and through the leverage of hedge funds who take the corresponding short positions in Treasury futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. THE GENERAL CIRCULATION OF THE VENUS ATMOSPHERE

Author

GIERASCH, P. J., primary, GOODY, R. M., additional, YOUNG, R. E., additional, CRISP, D., additional, EDWARDS, C., additional, KAHN, R., additional, McCLEESE, D., additional, RIDER, D., additional, DEL GENIO, A., additional, GREELEY, R., additional, HOU, A., additional, LEOVY, C. B., additional, and NEWMAN, M., additional

Published
2022
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6. MIR137 polygenic risk for schizophrenia and ephrin-regulated pathway:Role in lateral ventricles and corpus callosum volume

Author

Blokland, G. A.M., Maleki, N., Jovicich, J., Mesholam-Gately, R. I., DeLisi, L. E., Turner, J. A., Shenton, M. E., Voineskos, A. N., Kahn, R. S., Roffman, J. L., Holt, D. J., Ehrlich, S., Kikinis, Z., Dazzan, P., Murray, R. M., Lee, J., Sim, K., Lam, M., de Zwarte, S. M.C., Walton, E., Kelly, S., Picchioni, M. M., Bramon, E., Makris, N., David, A. S., Mondelli, V., Reinders, A. A.T.S., Oykhman, E., Morris, D. W., Gill, M., Corvin, A. P., Cahn, W., Ho, N., Liu, J., Gollub, R. L., Manoach, D. S., Calhoun, V. D., Sponheim, S. R., Buka, S. L., Cherkerzian, S., Thermenos, H. W., Dickie, E. W., Ciufolini, S., Reis Marques, T., Crossley, N. A., Purcell, S. M., Smoller, J. W., van Haren, N. E.M., Toulopoulou, T., Donohoe, G., Goldstein, J. M., Keshavan, M. S., Petryshen, T. L., del Re, E. C., Blokland, G. A.M., Maleki, N., Jovicich, J., Mesholam-Gately, R. I., DeLisi, L. E., Turner, J. A., Shenton, M. E., Voineskos, A. N., Kahn, R. S., Roffman, J. L., Holt, D. J., Ehrlich, S., Kikinis, Z., Dazzan, P., Murray, R. M., Lee, J., Sim, K., Lam, M., de Zwarte, S. M.C., Walton, E., Kelly, S., Picchioni, M. M., Bramon, E., Makris, N., David, A. S., Mondelli, V., Reinders, A. A.T.S., Oykhman, E., Morris, D. W., Gill, M., Corvin, A. P., Cahn, W., Ho, N., Liu, J., Gollub, R. L., Manoach, D. S., Calhoun, V. D., Sponheim, S. R., Buka, S. L., Cherkerzian, S., Thermenos, H. W., Dickie, E. W., Ciufolini, S., Reis Marques, T., Crossley, N. A., Purcell, S. M., Smoller, J. W., van Haren, N. E.M., Toulopoulou, T., Donohoe, G., Goldstein, J. M., Keshavan, M. S., Petryshen, T. L., and del Re, E. C.

Abstract

Background/Objective:Enlarged lateral ventricle (LV) volume and decreased volume in the corpus callosum (CC) are hallmarks of schizophrenia (SZ). We previously showed an inverse correlation between LV and CC volumes in SZ, with global functioning decreasing with increased LV volume. This study investigates the relationship between LV volume, CC abnormalities, and the microRNA MIR137 and its regulated genes in SZ, because of MIR137’s essential role in neurodevelopment. Methods:Participants were 1224 SZ probands and 1466 unaffected controls from the GENUS Consortium. Brain MRI scans, genotype, and clinical data were harmonized across cohorts and employed in the analyses. Results:Increased LV volumes and decreased CC central, mid-anterior, and mid-posterior volumes were observed in SZ probands. The MIR137-regulated ephrin pathway was significantly associated with CC:LV ratio, explaining a significant proportion (3.42 %) of CC:LV variance, and more than for LV and CC separately. Other pathways explained variance in either CC or LV, but not both. CC:LV ratio was also positively correlated with Global Assessment of Functioning, supporting previous subsample findings. SNP-based heritability estimates were higher for CC central:LV ratio (0.79) compared to CC or LV separately.Discussion:Our results indicate that the CC:LV ratio is highly heritable, influenced in part by variation in the MIR137-regulated ephrin pathway. Findings suggest that the CC:LV ratio may be a risk indicator in SZ that correlates with global functioning.

Published
2024

10. Publisher Correction: Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author

Bethlehem, R. A. I., Seidlitz, J., White, S. R., Vogel, J. W., Anderson, K. M., Adamson, C., Adler, S., Alexopoulos, G. S., Anagnostou, E., Areces-Gonzalez, A., Astle, D. E., Auyeung, B., Ayub, M., Bae, J., Ball, G., Baron-Cohen, S., Beare, R., Bedford, S. A., Benegal, V., Beyer, F., Blangero, J., Blesa Cábez, M., Boardman, J. P., Borzage, M., Bosch-Bayard, J. F., Bourke, N., Calhoun, V. D., Chakravarty, M. M., Chen, C., Chertavian, C., Chetelat, G., Chong, Y. S., Cole, J. H., Corvin, A., Costantino, M., Courchesne, E., Crivello, F., Cropley, V. L., Crosbie, J., Crossley, N., Delarue, M., Delorme, R., Desrivieres, S., Devenyi, G. A., Di Biase, M. A., Dolan, R., Donald, K. A., Donohoe, G., Dunlop, K., Edwards, A. D., Elison, J. T., Ellis, C. T., Elman, J. A., Eyler, L., Fair, D. A., Feczko, E., Fletcher, P. C., Fonagy, P., Franz, C. E., Galan-Garcia, L., Gholipour, A., Giedd, J., Gilmore, J. H., Glahn, D. C., Goodyer, I. M., Grant, P. E., Groenewold, N. A., Gunning, F. M., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Hammill, C. F., Hansson, O., Hedden, T., Heinz, A., Henson, R. N., Heuer, K., Hoare, J., Holla, B., Holmes, A. J., Holt, R., Huang, H., Im, K., Ipser, J., Jack, Jr, C. R., Jackowski, A. P., Jia, T., Johnson, K. A., Jones, P. B., Jones, D. T., Kahn, R. S., Karlsson, H., Karlsson, L., Kawashima, R., Kelley, E. A., Kern, S., Kim, K. W., Kitzbichler, M. G., Kremen, W. S., Lalonde, F., Landeau, B., Lee, S., Lerch, J., Lewis, J. D., Li, J., Liao, W., Liston, C., Lombardo, M. V., Lv, J., Lynch, C., Mallard, T. T., Marcelis, M., Markello, R. D., Mathias, S. R., Mazoyer, B., McGuire, P., Meaney, M. J., Mechelli, A., Medic, N., Misic, B., Morgan, S. E., Mothersill, D., Nigg, J., Ong, M. Q. W., Ortinau, C., Ossenkoppele, R., Ouyang, M., Palaniyappan, L., Paly, L., Pan, P. M., Pantelis, C., Park, M. M., Paus, T., Pausova, Z., Paz-Linares, D., Pichet Binette, A., Pierce, K., Qian, X., Qiu, J., Qiu, A., Raznahan, A., Rittman, T., Rodrigue, A., Rollins, C. K., Romero-Garcia, R., Ronan, L., Rosenberg, M. D., Rowitch, D. H., Salum, G. A., Satterthwaite, T. D., Schaare, H. L., Schachar, R. J., Schultz, A. P., Schumann, G., Schöll, M., Sharp, D., Shinohara, R. T., Skoog, I., Smyser, C. D., Sperling, R. A., Stein, D. J., Stolicyn, A., Suckling, J., Sullivan, G., Taki, Y., Thyreau, B., Toro, R., Traut, N., Tsvetanov, K. A., Turk-Browne, N. B., Tuulari, J. J., Tzourio, C., Vachon-Presseau, É., Valdes-Sosa, M. J., Valdes-Sosa, P. A., Valk, S. L., van Amelsvoort, T., Vandekar, S. N., Vasung, L., Victoria, L. W., Villeneuve, S., Villringer, A., Vértes, P. E., Wagstyl, K., Wang, Y. S., Warfield, S. K., Warrier, V., Westman, E., Westwater, M. L., Whalley, H. C., Witte, A. V., Yang, N., Yeo, B., Yun, H., Zalesky, A., Zar, H. J., Zettergren, A., Zhou, J. H., Ziauddeen, H., Zugman, A., Zuo, X. N., Bullmore, E. T., and Alexander-Bloch, A. F.

Published
2022
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13. Magnetic fluctuations in frustrated Laves hydrides R(Mn_{1-x}Al_{x})_{2}H_{y}

Author

Cadavez-Peres, P., Mirebeau, I., Kahn, R., Goncharenko, I. N., Vincent, E., and Makarova, O. L.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

By neutron scattering, we have studied the spin correlations and spin fluctuations in frustrated Laves hydrides, where magnetic disorder sets in the topologically frustrated Mn lattice. Below the transition towards short range magnetic order, static spin clusters coexist with fluctuating and alsmost uncorrelated spins. The magnetic response shows a complexe lineshape, connected with the presence of the magnetic inhomogeneities. Its analysis shows the existence of two different processes, relaxation and local excitations, for the spin fluctuations below the transition. The paramagnetic fluctuations are discussed in comparison with classical spin glasses, cluster glasses, and non Fermi liquid itinerant magnets.

Published
2003
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14. Propylene Carbonate Reexamined: Mode-Coupling $\beta$ Scaling without Factorisation ?

Author

Wuttke, J., Ohl, M., Goldammer, M., Roth, S., Schneider, U., Lunkenheimer, P., Kahn, R., Rufflé, B., Lechner, R., and Berg, M. A.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

The dynamic susceptibility of propylene carbonate in the moderately viscous regime above $T_{\rm c}$ is reinvestigated by incoherent neutron and depolarised light scattering, and compared to dielectric loss and solvation response. Depending on the strength of $\alpha$ relaxation, a more or less extended $\beta$ scaling regime is found. Mode-coupling fits yield consistently $\lambda=0.72$ and $T_{\rm c}=182 $K, although different positions of the susceptibility minimum indicate that not all observables have reached the universal asymptotics.

Published
1999
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15. 4f-spin dynamics in La(2-x-y)Sr(x)Nd(y)CuO(4)

Author

Roepke, M., Holland-Moritz, E., Buechner, B., Berg, H., Lechner, R. E., Longeville, S., Fitter, J., Kahn, R., Coddens, G., and Ferrand, M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We have performed inelastic magnetic neutron scattering experiments on La(2-x-y)Sr(x)Nd(y)CuO(4) in order to study the Nd 4f-spin dynamics at low energies. In all samples we find at high temperatures a quasielastic line (Lorentzian) with a line width which decreases on lowering the temperature. The temperature dependence of the quasielastic line width Gamma/2(T) can be explained with an Orbach-process, i.e. a relaxation via the coupling between crystal field excitations and phonons. At low temperatures the Nd-4f magnetic response S(Q,omega) correlates with the electronic properties of the CuO(2)-layers. In the insulator La(2-y)Nd(y)CuO(4) the quasielastic line vanishes below 80 K and an inelastic excitation occurs. This directly indicates the splitting of the Nd3+ ground state Kramers doublet due to the static antiferromagnetic order of the Cu moments. In La(1.7-x)Sr(x)Nd(0.3)CuO(4) with x = 0.12, 0.15 and La(1.4-x)Sr(x)Nd(0.6)CuO(4) with x = 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.18 superconductivity is strongly suppressed. In these compounds we observe a temperature independent broad quasielastic line of Gaussian shape below T about 30 K. This suggests a distribution of various internal fields on different Nd sites and is interpreted in the frame of the stripe model. In La(1.8-y)Sr(0.2)Nd(y)CuO(4) (y = 0.3, 0.6) such a quasielastic broadening is not observed even at lowest temperature., Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures included, to appear in Phys. Rev. B

Published
1999
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16. The sensitivity of CO and aerosol transport to the temporal and vertical distribution of North American boreal fire emissions

Author

Chen, Y., Li, Q., Randerson, J. T, Lyons, E. A, Kahn, R. A, Nelson, D. L, and Diner, D. J

Subjects
aerosol, biomass burning, black carbon, boreal forest, EOS, forest fire, ground-based measurement, long range transport, satellite imagery, simulation, temporal distribution, trace gas, vertical profile, Alaska, North America, United States
Abstract

Forest fires in Alaska and western Canada represent important sources of aerosols and trace gases in North America. Among the largest uncertainties when modeling forest fire effects are the timing and injection height of biomass burning emissions. Here we simulate CO and aerosols over North America during the 2004 fire season, using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model. We apply different temporal distributions and injection height profiles to the biomass burning emissions, and compare model results with satellite-, aircraft-, and ground-based measurements. We find that averaged over the fire season, the use of finer temporal resolved biomass burning emissions usually decreases CO and aerosol concentrations near the fire source region, and often enhances long-range transport. Among the individual temporal constraints, switching from monthly to 8-day time intervals for emissions has the largest effect on CO and aerosol distributions, and shows better agreement with measured day-to-day variability. Injection height substantially modifies the surface concentrations and vertical profiles of pollutants near the source region. Compared with CO, the simulation of black carbon aerosol is more sensitive to the temporal and injection height distribution of emissions. The use of MISR-derived injection heights improves agreement with surface aerosol measurements near the fire source. Our results indicate that the discrepancies between model simulations and MOPITT CO measurements near the Hudson Bay can not be attributed solely to the representation of injection height within the model. Frequent occurrence of strong convection in North America during summer tends to limit the influence of injection height parameterizations of fire emissions in Alaska and western Canada with respect to CO and aerosol distributions over eastern North America.

Published
2009

26. Genome-wide association analyses of symptom severity among clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Author

Okhuijsen-Pfeifer, C., van der Horst, M. Z., Bousman, C. A., Lin, B., van Eijk, K. R., Ripke, S., Ayhan, Y., Babaoglu, M. O., Bak, M., Alink, W., van Beek, H., Beld, E., Bouhuis, A., Edlinger, M., Erdogan, I. M., Ertuğrul, A., Yoca, G., Everall, I. P., Görlitz, T., van Amelsvoort, T., Bartels-Velthuis, A. A., Bruggeman, R., Cahn, W., Guloksuz, S., de Haan, L., Kahn, R. S., Schirmbeck, F., Simons, C. J. P., van Os, J., Alizadeh, B. Z., Luykx, J. J., Rutten, B. P. F., van Winkel, R., Grootens, K. P., Gutwinski, S., Hallikainen, T., Jeger-Land, E., de Koning, M., Lähteenvuo, M., Legge, S. E., Leucht, S., Morgenroth, C., Müderrisoğlu, A., Narang, A., Pantelis, C., Pardiñas, A. F., Oviedo-Salcedo, T., Schneider-Thoma, J., Schreiter, S., Repo-Tiihonen, E., Tuppurainen, H., Veereschild, M., Veerman, S., de Vos, M., Wagner, E., Cohen, D., Bogers, J. P. A. M., Walters, J. T. R., Yağcıoğlu, A. E. Anil, Tiihonen, J., Hasan, A., Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, Adult Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, ANS - Complex Trait Genetics, and ANS - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep

Subjects
POLYGENIC RISK SCORE, GENETIC RISK, N-DESMETHYLCLOZAPINE, Schizophrenia/chemically induced, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2/genetics, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2, Humans, ddc:610, CYP2C19, BRAIN, Clozapine, POLYMORPHISMS, Biological Psychiatry, IDENTIFICATION, PHARMACOGENETICS, CYTOCHROME-P450, Clozapine/therapeutic use, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6, Schizophrenia, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19/genetics, Antipsychotic Agents/therapeutic use, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6/genetics, PHARMACOLOGICAL-TREATMENT, Antipsychotic Agents, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Clozapine is the most effective antipsychotic for patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. However, response is highly variable and possible genetic underpinnings of this variability remain unknown. Here, we performed polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses to estimate the amount of variance in symptom severity among clozapine-treated patients explained by PRSs (R2) and examined the association between symptom severity and genotype-predicted CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C19 enzyme activity. Genome-wide association (GWA) analyses were performed to explore loci associated with symptom severity. A multicenter cohort of 804 patients (after quality control N = 684) with schizophrenia spectrum disorder treated with clozapine were cross-sectionally assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and/or the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale. GWA and PRS regression analyses were conducted. Genotype-predicted CYP1A2, CYP2D6, and CYP2C19 enzyme activities were calculated. Schizophrenia-PRS was most significantly and positively associated with low symptom severity (p = 1.03 × 10−3; R2 = 1.85). Cross-disorder-PRS was also positively associated with lower CGI-S score (p = 0.01; R2 = 0.81). Compared to the lowest tertile, patients in the highest schizophrenia-PRS tertile had 1.94 times (p = 6.84×10−4) increased probability of low symptom severity. Higher genotype-predicted CYP2C19 enzyme activity was independently associated with lower symptom severity (p = 8.44×10−3). While no locus surpassed the genome-wide significance threshold, rs1923778 within NFIB showed a suggestive association (p = 3.78×10−7) with symptom severity. We show that high schizophrenia-PRS and genotype-predicted CYP2C19 enzyme activity are independently associated with lower symptom severity among individuals treated with clozapine. Our findings open avenues for future pharmacogenomic projects investigating the potential of PRS and genotype-predicted CYP-activity in schizophrenia.

Published
2022

29. Prefrontal cortical thinning links to negative symptoms in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium

Author

Walton, E., Hibar, D. P., van Erp, T. G. M., Potkin, S. G., Roiz-Santiañez, R., Crespo-Facorro, B., Suarez-Pinilla, P., van Haren, N. E. M., de Zwarte, S. M. C., Kahn, R. S., Cahn, W., Doan, N. T., Jørgensen, K. N., Gurholt, T. P., Agartz, I., Andreassen, O. A., Westlye, L. T., Melle, I., Berg, A. O., Morch-Johnsen, L., Færden, A., Flyckt, L., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Jönsson, E. G., Hashimoto, R., Yamamori, H., Fukunaga, M., Jahanshad, N., De Rossi, P., Piras, F., Banaj, N., Spalletta, G., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Wolf, D. H., Satterthwaite, T. D., Beard, L. M., Sommer, I. E., Koops, S., Gruber, O., Richter, A., Krämer, B., Kelly, S., Donohoe, G., McDonald, C., Cannon, D. M., Corvin, A., Gill, M., Di Giorgio, A., Bertolino, A., Lawrie, S., Nickson, T., Whalley, H. C., Neilson, E., Calhoun, V. D., Thompson, P. M., Turner, J. A., and Ehrlich, S.

Published
2018
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30. Cognitive functioning throughout adulthood and illness stages in individuals with psychotic disorders and their unaffected siblings

Author

Velthorst E., Mollon J., Murray R. M., de Haan L., Germeys I. M., Glahn D. C., Arango C., van der Ven E., Di Forti M., Bernardo M., Guloksuz S., Delespaul P., Mezquida G., Amoretti S., Bobes J., Saiz P. A., Garcia-Portilla M. P., Santos J. L., Jimenez-Lopez E., Sanjuan J., Aguilar E. J., Arrojo M., Carracedo A., Lopez G., Gonzalez-Penas J., Parellada M., Atbasoglu C., Saka M. C., Ucok A., Alptekin K., Akdede B., Binbay T., Altinyazar V., Ulas H., Yalincetin B., Gumus-Akay G., Beyaz B. C., Soygur H., Cankurtaran E. S., Kaymak S. U., Maric N. P., Mihaljevic M. M., Petrovic S. A., Mirjanic T., Del-Ben C. M., Ferraro L., Gayer-Anderson C., Jones P. B., Jongsma H. E., Kirkbride J. B., La Cascia C., Lasalvia A., Tosato S., Llorca P. -M., Menezes P. R., Morgan C., Quattrone D., Menchetti M., Selten J. -P., Szoke A., Tarricone I., Tortelli A., McGuire P., Valmaggia L., Kempton M. J., van der Gaag M., Riecher-Rossler A., Bressan R. A., Barrantes-Vidal N., Nelson B., McGorry P., Pantelis C., Krebs M. -O., Ruhrmann S., Sachs G., Rutten B. P. F., van Os J., Alizadeh B. Z., van Amelsvoort T., Bartels-Velthuis A. A., Bruggeman R., van Beveren N. J., Luykx J. J., Cahn W., Simons C. J. P., Kahn R. S., Schirmbeck F., van Winkel R., Calem M., Tognin S., Modinos G., Pisani S., Kraan T. C., van Dam D. S., Burger N., Amminger G. P., Politis A., Goodall J., Borgwardt S., Studerus E., Gadelha A., Brietzke E., Asevedo G., Asevedo E., Zugman A., Dominguez-Martinez T., Monsonet M., Cristobal-Narvaez P., Racioppi A., Kwapil T. R., Kazes M., Daban C., Bourgin J., Gay O., Mam-Lam-Fook C., Nordholm D., Rander L., Krakauer K., Glenthoj L. B., Glenthoj B., Gebhard D., Arnhold J., Klosterkotter J., Lasser I., Winklbaur B., Reichenberg A., Velthorst E., Mollon J., Murray R.M., de Haan L., Germeys I.M., Glahn D.C., Arango C., van der Ven E., Di Forti M., Bernardo M., Guloksuz S., Delespaul P., Mezquida G., Amoretti S., Bobes J., Saiz P.A., Garcia-Portilla M.P., Santos J.L., Jimenez-Lopez E., Sanjuan J., Aguilar E.J., Arrojo M., Carracedo A., Lopez G., Gonzalez-Penas J., Parellada M., Atbasoglu C., Saka M.C., Ucok A., Alptekin K., Akdede B., Binbay T., Altinyazar V., Ulas H., Yalincetin B., Gumus-Akay G., Beyaz B.C., Soygur H., Cankurtaran E.S., Kaymak S.U., Maric N.P., Mihaljevic M.M., Petrovic S.A., Mirjanic T., Del-Ben C.M., Ferraro L., Gayer-Anderson C., Jones P.B., Jongsma H.E., Kirkbride J.B., La Cascia C., Lasalvia A., Tosato S., Llorca P.-M., Menezes P.R., Morgan C., Quattrone D., Menchetti M., Selten J.-P., Szoke A., Tarricone I., Tortelli A., McGuire P., Valmaggia L., Kempton M.J., van der Gaag M., Riecher-Rossler A., Bressan R.A., Barrantes-Vidal N., Nelson B., McGorry P., Pantelis C., Krebs M.-O., Ruhrmann S., Sachs G., Rutten B.P.F., van Os J., Alizadeh B.Z., van Amelsvoort T., Bartels-Velthuis A.A., Bruggeman R., van Beveren N.J., Luykx J.J., Cahn W., Simons C.J.P., Kahn R.S., Schirmbeck F., van Winkel R., Calem M., Tognin S., Modinos G., Pisani S., Kraan T.C., van Dam D.S., Burger N., Amminger G.P., Politis A., Goodall J., Borgwardt S., Studerus E., Gadelha A., Brietzke E., Asevedo G., Asevedo E., Zugman A., Dominguez-Martinez T., Monsonet M., Cristobal-Narvaez P., Racioppi A., Kwapil T.R., Kazes M., Daban C., Bourgin J., Gay O., Mam-Lam-Fook C., Nordholm D., Rander L., Krakauer K., Glenthoj L.B., Glenthoj B., Gebhard D., Arnhold J., Klosterkotter J., Lasser I., Winklbaur B., Reichenberg A., RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, RS: MHeNs - R1 - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Clinical Developmental Psychology, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Center, Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Adult Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, and Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, validity, medicine.medical_treatment, CHILDHOOD, Neuropsychological Tests, FAMÍLIA, episode, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, DEFICITS, Settore MED/48 -Scienze Infermierist. e Tecn. Neuro-Psichiatriche e Riabilitat, Medicine, Cognitive impairment, Psychiatry, Symptom severity, Cannabis use, IMPAIRMENT, ABILITY, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, RELIABILITY, Neuropsychological Test, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, Clinical psychology, Adult, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, impairment, schizophrenia-patients, ability, GENETIC RISK, Psychotic Disorder, SCHIZOPHRENIA-PATIENTS, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Settore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia Clinica, Humans, In patient, Cognitive skill, VALIDITY, Antipsychotic, Molecular Biology, Settore MED/25 - Psichiatria, Aged, Cross-Sectional Studie, DECLINE, Science & Technology, reliability, business.industry, Working memory, Siblings, Neurosciences, Diagnostic markers, medicine.disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, 030104 developmental biology, deficits, Psychotic Disorders, PSYCHOSIS, COGNITION, MULTICENTRIC STUDY, Neurosciences & Neurology, business, EPISODE, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No. HEALTH-F2-2010-241909 (EUGEI); The Spanish sample was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (SAM16PE07CP1, PI16/02012, PI19/024) (...), Velthorst, E., Mollon, J., Murray, R.M., de Haan, L., Germeys, I.M., Glahn, D.C., Arango, C., van der Ven, E., Di Forti, M., Bernardo, M., Guloksuz, S., Delespaul, P., Mezquida, G., Amoretti, S., Bobes, J., Saiz, P.A., García-Portilla, M.P., Santos, J.L., Jiménez-López, E., Sanjuan, J., Aguilar, E.J., Arrojo, M., Carracedo, A., López, G., González-Peñas, J., Parellada, M., Atbaşoğlu, C., Saka, M.C., Üçok, A., Alptekin, K., Akdede, B., Binbay, T., Altınyazar, V., Ulaş, H., Yalınçetin, B., Gümüş-Akay, G., Beyaz, B.C., Soygür, H., Cankurtaran, E.Ş., Kaymak, S.U., Maric, N.P., Mihaljevic, M.M., Petrovic, S.A., Mirjanic, T., Del-Ben, C.M., Ferraro, L., Gayer-Anderson, C., Jones, P.B., Jongsma, H.E., Kirkbride, J.B., La Cascia, C., Lasalvia, A., Tosato, S., Llorca, P.-M., Menezes, P.R., Morgan, C., Quattrone, D., Menchetti, M., Selten, J.-P., Szöke, A., Tarricone, I., Tortelli, A., McGuire, P., Valmaggia, L., Kempton, M.J., van der Gaag, M., Riecher-Rössler, A., Bressan, R.A., Barrantes-Vidal, N., Nelson, B., McGorry, P., Pantelis, C., Krebs, M.-O., Ruhrmann, S., Sachs, G., Rutten, B.P.F., van Os, J., Alizadeh, B.Z., van Amelsvoort, T., Bartels-Velthuis, A.A., Bruggeman, R., van Beveren, N.J., Luykx, J.J., Cahn, W., Simons, C.J.P., Kahn, R.S., Schirmbeck, F., van Winkel, R., Calem, M., Tognin, S., Modinos, G., Pisani, S., Kraan, T.C., van Dam, D.S., Burger, N., Amminger, G.P., Politis, A., Goodall, J., Borgwardt, S., Studerus, E., Gadelha, A., Brietzke, E., Asevedo, G., Asevedo, E., Zugman, A., Domínguez-Martínez, T., Monsonet, M., Cristóbal-Narváez, P., Racioppi, A., Kwapil, T.R., Kazes, M., Daban, C., Bourgin, J., Gay, O., Mam-Lam-Fook, C., Nordholm, D., Rander, L., Krakauer, K., Glenthøj, L.B., Glenthøj, B., Gebhard, D., Arnhold, J., Klosterkötter, J., Lasser, I., Winklbaur, B., Reichenberg, A., EU-GEI High Risk Study

Published
2021

31. Genetic vulnerability to DUSP22 promoter hypermethylation is involved in the relation between in utero famine exposure and schizophrenia

Author

Boks, M. P., Houtepen, L. C., Xu, Z., He, Y., Ursini, G., Maihofer, A. X., Rajarajan, P., Yu, Q., Xu, H., Wu, Y., Wang, S., Shi, J. P., Hulshoff Pol, H. E., Strengman, E., Rutten, B. P. F., Jaffe, A. E., Kleinman, J. E., Baker, D. G., Hol, E. M., Akbarian, S., Nievergelt, C. M., De Witte, L. D., Vinkers, C. H., Weinberger, D. R., Yu, J., and Kahn, R. S.

Published
2018
Full Text
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36. How well do aerosol retrievals from satellites and representation in global circulation models match ground-based AERONET aerosol statistics?

Author

Kinne, S., Holben, B., Eck, T., Smirnov, A., Dubovik, O., Slutsker, I., Tanre, D., Zibozdi, G., Lohmann, U., Ghan, S., Easter, R., Chin, M., Ginoux, P., Takemura, T., Tegen, I., Koch, D., Kahn, R., Vermote, E., Stowe, L., Torres, O., Mishchenko, M., Geogdzhayev, I., Hiragushi, A., Beniston, Martin, editor, and Verstraete, Michel M., editor

Published
2001
Full Text
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37. Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author

Dima, D., Modabbernia, A., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dannlowski, U., Dale, A.M., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., Kalnin, A., Naaijen, J., Klein, M., Thompson, P.M., Frangou, S., Dima, D., Modabbernia, A., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dannlowski, U., Dale, A.M., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., Kalnin, A., Naaijen, J., Klein, M., Thompson, P.M., and Frangou, S.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 245411.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3-90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.

Published
2022

38. Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author

Frangou, S., Modabbernia, A., Williams, S.C.R., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dale, A.M., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., Klein, M., Frangou, S., Modabbernia, A., Williams, S.C.R., Papachristou, E., Doucet, G.E., Agartz, I., Aghajani, M., Akudjedu, T.N., Albajes-Eizagirre, A., Alnaes, D., Alpert, K.I., Andersson, M., Andreasen, N.C., Andreassen, O.A., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bargallo, N., Baumeister, S., Baur-Streubel, R., Bertolino, A., Bonvino, A., Boomsma, D.I., Borgwardt, S., Bourque, J., Brandeis, D., Breier, A., Brodaty, H., Brouwer, R.M., Buitelaar, J.K., Busatto, G.F., Buckner, R.L., Calhoun, V., Canales-Rodríguez, E.J., Cannon, D.M., Caseras, X., Castellanos, F.X., Cervenka, S., Chaim-Avancini, T.M., Ching, C.R., Chubar, V., Clark, V.P., Conrod, P., Conzelmann, A., Crespo-Facorro, B., Crivello, F., Crone, E.A.M., Dale, A.M., Dannlowski, U., Davey, C., Geus, E.J. de, Haan, L. de, Zubicaray, G.I. de, Braber, A., Dickie, E.W., Giorgio, A. Di, Doan, N.T., Dørum, E.S., Ehrlich, S., Erk, S., Espeseth, T., Fatouros-Bergman, H., Fisher, S.E., Fouche, J.P., Franke, B., Frodl, T., Fuentes-Claramonte, P., Glahn, D.C., Gotlib, I.H., Grabe, H.J., Grimm, O., Groenewold, N.A., Grotegerd, D., Gruber, O., Gruner, P., Gur, R.E., Gur, R.C., Hahn, T., Harrison, B.J., Hartman, Catharina A., Hatton, S.N., Heinz, A., Heslenfeld, D.J., Hibar, D.P., Hickie, I.B., Ho, B.C.H., Hoekstra, P.J., Hohmann, S., Holmes, A.J., Hoogman, M., Hosten, N., Howells, F.M., Pol, H.E.H., Huyser, C., Jahanshad, N., James, A., Jernigan, T.L., Jiang, J., Jönsson, E.G., Joska, J.A., Kahn, R., and Klein, M.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 245396.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access), Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3-90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.

Published
2022

39. Subcortical volumes across the lifespan: Data from 18,605 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author

Dima, D, Modabbernia, A, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, Ortiz-Garcia De la Foz, V, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, Van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Williams, SCR, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, Frangou, S, Dima, D, Modabbernia, A, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, Ortiz-Garcia De la Foz, V, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, Van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Williams, SCR, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, and Frangou, S

Abstract

Age has a major effect on brain volume. However, the normative studies available are constrained by small sample sizes, restricted age coverage and significant methodological variability. These limitations introduce inconsistencies and may obscure or distort the lifespan trajectories of brain morphometry. In response, we capitalized on the resources of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to examine age-related trajectories inferred from cross-sectional measures of the ventricles, the basal ganglia (caudate, putamen, pallidum, and nucleus accumbens), the thalamus, hippocampus and amygdala using magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from 18,605 individuals aged 3-90 years. All subcortical structure volumes were at their maximum value early in life. The volume of the basal ganglia showed a monotonic negative association with age thereafter; there was no significant association between age and the volumes of the thalamus, amygdala and the hippocampus (with some degree of decline in thalamus) until the sixth decade of life after which they also showed a steep negative association with age. The lateral ventricles showed continuous enlargement throughout the lifespan. Age was positively associated with inter-individual variability in the hippocampus and amygdala and the lateral ventricles. These results were robust to potential confounders and could be used to examine the functional significance of deviations from typical age-related morphometric patterns.

Published
2022

40. Cortical thickness across the lifespan: Data from 17,075 healthy individuals aged 3-90 years

Author

Frangou, S, Modabbernia, A, Williams, SCR, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, de la Foz, VO-G, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, Dima, D, Frangou, S, Modabbernia, A, Williams, SCR, Papachristou, E, Doucet, GE, Agartz, I, Aghajani, M, Akudjedu, TN, Albajes-Eizagirre, A, Alnaes, D, Alpert, K, Andersson, M, Andreasen, NC, Andreassen, OA, Asherson, P, Banaschewski, T, Bargallo, N, Baumeister, S, Baur-Streubel, R, Bertolino, A, Bonvino, A, Boomsma, D, Borgwardt, S, Bourque, J, Brandeis, D, Breier, A, Brodaty, H, Brouwer, RM, Buitelaar, JK, Busatto, GF, Buckner, RL, Calhoun, V, Canales-Rodriguez, EJ, Cannon, DM, Caseras, X, Castellanos, FX, Cervenka, S, Chaim-Avancini, TM, Ching, CRK, Chubar, V, Clark, VP, Conrod, P, Conzelmann, A, Crespo-Facorro, B, Crivello, F, Crone, EA, Dale, AM, Davey, C, de Geus, EJC, de Haan, L, de Zubicaray, G, den Braber, A, Dickie, EW, Di Giorgio, A, Nhat, TD, Dorum, ES, Ehrlich, S, Erk, S, Espeseth, T, Fatouros-Bergman, H, Fisher, SE, Fouche, J-P, Franke, B, Frodl, T, Fuentes-Claramonte, P, Glahn, DC, Gotlib, IH, Grabe, H-J, Grimm, O, Groenewold, NA, Grotegerd, D, Gruber, O, Gruner, P, Gur, RE, Gur, RC, Harrison, BJ, Hartman, CA, Hatton, SN, Heinz, A, Heslenfeld, DJ, Hibar, DP, Hickie, IB, Ho, B-C, Hoekstra, PJ, Hohmann, S, Holmes, AJ, Hoogman, M, Hosten, N, Howells, FM, Pol, HEH, Huyser, C, Jahanshad, N, James, A, Jernigan, TL, Jiang, J, Jonsson, EG, Joska, JA, Kahn, R, Kalnin, A, Kanai, R, Klein, M, Klyushnik, TP, Koenders, L, Koops, S, Kraemer, B, Kuntsi, J, Lagopoulos, J, Lazaro, L, Lebedeva, I, Lee, WH, Lesch, K-P, Lochner, C, Machielsen, MWJ, Maingault, S, Martin, NG, Martinez-Zalacain, I, Mataix-Cols, D, Mazoyer, B, McDonald, C, McDonald, BC, McIntosh, AM, McMahon, KL, McPhilemy, G, Menchon, JM, Medland, SE, Meyer-Lindenberg, A, Naaijen, J, Najt, P, Nakao, T, Nordvik, JE, Nyberg, L, Oosterlaan, J, de la Foz, VO-G, Paloyelis, Y, Pauli, P, Pergola, G, Pomarol-Clotet, E, Portella, MJ, Potkin, SG, Radua, J, Reif, A, Rinker, DA, Roffman, JL, Rosa, PGP, Sacchet, MD, Sachdev, PS, Salvador, R, Sanchez-Juan, P, Sarro, S, Satterthwaite, TD, Saykin, AJ, Serpa, MH, Schmaal, L, Schnell, K, Schumann, G, Sim, K, Smoller, JW, Sommer, I, Soriano-Mas, C, Stein, DJ, Strike, LT, Swagerman, SC, Tamnes, CK, Temmingh, HS, Thomopoulos, S, Tomyshev, AS, Tordesillas-Gutierrez, D, Trollor, JN, Turner, JA, Uhlmann, A, van den Heuvel, OA, van den Meer, D, van der Wee, NJA, van Haren, NEM, van't Ent, D, van Erp, TGM, Veer, IM, Veltman, DJ, Voineskos, A, Voelzke, H, Walter, H, Walton, E, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Wassink, TH, Weber, B, Wen, W, West, JD, Westlye, LT, Whalley, H, Wierenga, LM, Wittfeld, K, Wolf, DH, Worker, A, Wright, MJ, Yang, K, Yoncheva, Y, Zanetti, M, Ziegler, GC, Thompson, PM, and Dima, D

Abstract

Delineating the association of age and cortical thickness in healthy individuals is critical given the association of cortical thickness with cognition and behavior. Previous research has shown that robust estimates of the association between age and brain morphometry require large-scale studies. In response, we used cross-sectional data from 17,075 individuals aged 3-90 years from the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium to infer age-related changes in cortical thickness. We used fractional polynomial (FP) regression to quantify the association between age and cortical thickness, and we computed normalized growth centiles using the parametric Lambda, Mu, and Sigma method. Interindividual variability was estimated using meta-analysis and one-way analysis of variance. For most regions, their highest cortical thickness value was observed in childhood. Age and cortical thickness showed a negative association; the slope was steeper up to the third decade of life and more gradual thereafter; notable exceptions to this general pattern were entorhinal, temporopolar, and anterior cingulate cortices. Interindividual variability was largest in temporal and frontal regions across the lifespan. Age and its FP combinations explained up to 59% variance in cortical thickness. These results may form the basis of further investigation on normative deviation in cortical thickness and its significance for behavioral and cognitive outcomes.

Published
2022

49. Subcortical brain volume abnormalities in 2028 individuals with schizophrenia and 2540 healthy controls via the ENIGMA consortium

Author

van Erp, T GM, Hibar, D P, Rasmussen, J M, Glahn, D C, Pearlson, G D, Andreassen, O A, Agartz, I, Westlye, L T, Haukvik, U K, Dale, A M, Melle, I, Hartberg, C B, Gruber, O, Kraemer, B, Zilles, D, Donohoe, G, Kelly, S, McDonald, C, Morris, D W, Cannon, D M, Corvin, A, Machielsen, M WJ, Koenders, L, de Haan, L, Veltman, D J, Satterthwaite, T D, Wolf, D H, Gur, R C, Gur, R E, Potkin, S G, Mathalon, D H, Mueller, B A, Preda, A, Macciardi, F, Ehrlich, S, Walton, E, Hass, J, Calhoun, V D, Bockholt, H J, Sponheim, S R, Shoemaker, J M, van Haren, N EM, Pol, H EH, Ophoff, R A, Kahn, R S, Roiz-Santiañez, R, Crespo-Facorro, B, Wang, L, Alpert, K I, Jönsson, E G, Dimitrova, R, Bois, C, Whalley, H C, McIntosh, A M, Lawrie, S M, Hashimoto, R, Thompson, P M, and Turner, J A

Published
2016
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