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A design for drainage is suggested consisting of connected tubes with openings. For continuous and long-term drainage the openings are made one opposite to the other on the contiguous sides of the tubes.

The authors developed a method for drainage of the retroperitoneal space in acute destructive pancreatitis, which includes retroperitoneal advancement of tubes to the pancreatic bed. To limit the spreading of the pyonecrotic process by creating an effective withdrawal of the exudate, the drains are introduced on both sides through the space between Toldt's fascia and the colon, and additional drains are also introduced into the paracolonic space limited by Toldt's and prerenal fascias.

While analyzing the results of 594 direct operative interventions for various forms of complicated chronic pancreatitis, which were conducted in a specialized department, the author specifies the indications for various types of operations on the pancreas and adjoining organs. The elaboration of new and improvement of existing methods of operative interventions, their individualization, adherence to the organ-preserving principle in surgical pancreatology, purposeful prevention of postoperative complications, and persistent application of medical rehabilitation measures in the postoperative period made it possible to improve significantly the immediate and late-term results of surgical management of the complicated category of patients, to reduce the postoperative mortality from 4.6 to 1.7% in particular, and to gain good and satisfactory results of treatment in 91.2% of patients.

The analysis of 161 case record of the patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases was carried out. The dependence of duration of treatment on the age of a patient, character of pathology, body temperature, leukocytic count, presence of pathologic changes in the urine was established. The expediency to limit antibiotic therapy in purulent-inflammatory diseases is substantiated.

The results of diagnosis and treatment of iatrogenic injuries of the extrahepatic biliary tract in 47 patients are analysed. The injury was detected during the operation only in 6 cases, in 41 cases it was revealed on the 1st-6th postoperative day. Intensive conservative therapy was applied in the preoperative period to correct the values of homeostasis and metabolism. Special attention was attached to antibacterial therapy aimed at suppression of ++non-clostridial anaerobic infection. Sixty-three surgical interventions were conducted on 47 patients; 47 of them were restorative or reconstructive, 15 were undertaken for emergency indications, one, for developed postoperative complication. One patient died. Particular importance was attached to adequate draining both in emergency and in reconstructive and restorative operations.

Biopsies of pancreatic tissue in 54 patients with chronic pancreatitis were studied histologically and electron microscopically. Pathomorphological criteria of this disease include: dyscomplexation of acini, necroses, hemorrhages, inflammatory reaction, pseudocystosis, lipomatosis, condensation of secretory masses, and formation of concrements, hyperplasia, metaplasia, and increased desquamation of ductular epithelium, hyperplasia of Langerhans islands, damage of the vessels and perineural spaces, fibrosis. The increased permeability of ductal epithelium, increased synthesis of protein substances, formation of concrements and specific antibody are conducive to exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis.

An analysis of the clinical course, diagnosis and surgical treatment of 8 cases (out of 102) of malignant degeneration of pancreatic gland cysts is reported. Males--6, females--2, their age ranging from 23 to 52 years. Radical intervention was performed in 6 patients, in one case an internal drainage with the jejunum was made due to an erroneous histological and cytological conclusion, and in one case an external drainage of the cyst was performed. In 6 patients the diagnosis was established during the operative procedure. Due to diagnostic difficulties arising in malignant regeneration of pancreatic cysts the primary importance is attached to the intraoperative methods of investigation: urgent biopsy from different sites of the cyst, cytological assay and pancreatocystography.