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Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver and demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters and predictory non-high density lipoprotein to high density lipoprotein ratio. Material and Methods: Between February and September 2020, 329 patients with fatty liver prediagnosis were evaluated prospectively. Laboratory (whole blood counts, transaminases, lipid profiles, 25-oh vitamin d3 levels) and ultrasonography findings, body height, body weight and body mass index of patients were compared between fatty liver and control groups. Results: Fatty liver was diagnosed in 164 patients out of 329 participants. There were significant relationships between existence of fatty liver and age, body weight, body mass index, triglyceride levels, non-high density lipoprotein, non-high density lipoprotein to high density lipoprotein ratios. Also relationships between severity of fatty liver and body weight, alanine aminotransferase and body mass index were found to be significant. There were no relationship between existence of fatty liver and monocyte to high density lipoprotein ratio and vitamin D levels. Linear regression analysis for Non-HDL/ HDL ratio in diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver, revealed a correlation coefficient as r=0.179. Positive and negative predictive values for Non-HDL/HDL ratio in diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver were, 56.3% and 60.9%, respectively . Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between fatty liver and non-high density lipoprotein to high density lipoprotein ratio. This ratio may be a simple and readily available predictor in patients with fatty liver.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to inspect return and readmission reasons and rates of discharged patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This is an observational descriptive retrospective study that was conducted with patients who had confirmed COVID-19 diagnosed with severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and hospitalized between April 2020 and June 2021 in a tertiary care university hospital. Patients returning to the hospital after treatment for COVID-19, with symptoms related to COVID-19 within 30 days, were included. Patients under 18 years of age and who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit were excluded. RESULTS: It was determined that of 369 discharged patients, 87 (23.5%) returned to the hospital, 9 (2.4%) were readmitted, and 1 (0.02%) was deceased within 30 days. The most frequent reasons for returning to the hospital were dyspnea and cough complaints. Existence of pneumonia at first admission, levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, neutrophil counts, lymphocyte counts, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte count ratios were found to be higher in patients who returned to hospital, compared with the patients who did not return. CONCLUSIONS: Return rate of patients to hospital after discharge with COVID-19 was comparatively high, but readmissions to hospital and mortality rate were low. Comparatively, the higher rate of return to hospital within 30 days of discharge was thought to be resulting from prolonged signs and symptoms related to COVID-19. Since COVID-19 is a new and enigmatic disease and its long-term effects still need to be elucidated, long-term follow-ups of discharged patients will be adequate.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. The aims of this study were to assess Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and their association with liver histology in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), chronic hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV).We studied 38 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven NASH, 19 patients with HCV, 45 patients with HBV, and 35 healthy controls who were similar for age and gender. The stage of fibrosis was measured using a 6-point scale.NLR was significantly higher in NASH patients compared to controls, HBV, and HCV patients (p0.001, p0.001, and p0.001, respectively). NLR was positively associated with NAFLD activity scores (r=0.861, p0.001). NLR was associated with hepatocyte ballooning degeneration (r=0.426, p=0.024), lobular inflammation(r=0.694, p0.001), steatosis(r=0.498, p=0.007), and fibrosis stage(r=0.892, p0.001) in NASH patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that NLR was significantly associated with liver fibrosis and NAS (β=0.631, p0.001 for liver fibrosis; β=0.753, p0.001 for NAS in the multivariate model); however, CRP had no association with liver fibrosis and NAS CONCLUSION: NLR is a promising and inexpensive inflammation marker that correlates with histological grade and fibrosis stage in NASH patients.