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5. Genome-wide analysis of the soybean eEF gene family and its involvement in virus resistance.

Author

Hexiang Luan, Daiqiao Song, Kai Huang, Shuxin Li, Hao Xu, Kachroo, Pradeep, Kachroo, Aardra, and Longgang Zhao

Subjects
CUCUMBER mosaic virus, SOYBEAN mosaic virus, ELONGATION factors (Biochemistry), GENE expression, GENE families
Abstract

Eukaryotic elongation factors (eEFs) are protein factors that mediate the extension of peptide chain, among which eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha (eEF1A) is one of the most abundant protein synthesis factors. Previously we showed that the P3 protein of Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), one of the most destructive and successful viral pathogens of soybean, targets a component of the soybean translation elongation complex to facilitate its pathogenesis. Here, we conducted a systematic analyses of the soybean eEF (GmeEF) gene family in soybean and examinedits role in virus resistance. In this study, GmeEF family members were identified and characterized based on sequence analysis. The 42 members, which were unevenly distributed across the 15 chromosomes, were renamed according to their chromosomal locations. The GmeEF members were further divided into 12 subgroups based on conserved motif, gene structure, and phylogenetic analyses. Analysis of the promoter regions showed conspicuous presence of myelocytomatosis (MYC) and ethylene-responsive (ERE) cis-acting elements, which are typically involved in drought and phytohormone response, respectively, and thereby in plant stress response signaling. Transcriptome data showed that the expression of 15 GmeEF gene family members changed significantly in response to SMV infection. To further examine EF1A function in pathogen response, three different Arabidopsis mutants carrying T-DNA insertions in orthologous genes were analyzed for their response to Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Results showed that there was no difference in viral response between the mutants and the wild type plants. This study provides a systematic analysis of the GmeEF gene family through analysis of expression patterns and predicted protein features. Our results lay a foundation for understanding the role of eEF gene in soybean anti-viral response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Nitric Oxide and Salicylic Acid Signaling in Plant Defense

Author

Klessig, Daniel F., Durner, Jorg, Noad, Robert, Navarre, Duroy A., Wendehenne, David, Kumar, Dhirendra, Zhou, Jun Ma, Shah, Jyoti, Zhang, Shuqun, Kachroo, Pradeep, Trifa, Youssef, Pontier, Dominique, Lam, Eric, and Silva, Herman

Published
2000

46. Plastidial fatty acid levels regulate resistance gene-dependent defense signaling in Arabidopsis

Author

Chandra-Shekara, A.C., Venugopal, Srivathsa C., Barman, Subhankar Roy, Kachroo, Aardra, and Kachroo, Pradeep

Subjects
Arabidopsis -- Genetic aspects, Arabidopsis -- Research, Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Research, Gene expression -- Research, Glycerin -- Research, Glycerol -- Research, Science and technology
Abstract

In Arabidopsis, resistance to Turnip Crinkle Virus (TCV) depends on the resistance (R) gene, HRT, and the recessive locus rrt. Resistance also depends on salicylic acid (SA), EDS1, and PAD4. Exogenous application of SA confers resistance in RRT-containing plants by increasing HRT transcript levels in a PAD4-dependent manner. Here we report that reduction of oleic acid (18:1) can also induce HRT gene expression and confer resistance to TCV. However, the 18:1-regulated pathway is independent of SA, rrt, EDS1, and PAD4. Reducing the levels of 18:1, via a mutation in the SSI2-encoded stearoyl-acyl carrier protein-desaturase, or by exogenous application of glycerol, increased transcript levels of HRT as well as several other R genes. Second-site mutations in the ACT1-encoded glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase or GLY1-encoded glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase restored 18:1 levels in HRT ssi2 plants and reestablished a dependence on rrt. Resistance to TCV and HRT gene expression in HRT act1 plants was inducible by SA but not by glycerol, whereas that in HRT pad4 plants was inducible by glycerol but not by SA. The low 18:1-mediated induction of R gene expression was also dependent on ACT1 but independent of EDS1, PAD4, and RAR1. Intriguingly, TCV inoculation did not activate this 18:1-regulated pathway in HRT plants, but instead resulted in the induction of several genes that encode 18:1-synthesizing isozymes. These results suggest that the 18:1-regulated pathway may be specifically targeted during pathogen infection and that altering 18:1 levels may serve as a unique strategy for promoting disease resistance. glycerol | salicylic acid | stearoyl-acyl carrier protein-desaturase | Turnip Crinkle Virus | ssi2

Published
2007

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