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For the last few years the disorders of the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract are subjects of interest for investigators and physicians. The article presents an analysis of different abnormalities of the motor function of the stomach and duodenum made by gastroduodenoscintigraphy in patients with the biliary tract disorders. The most frequent types of motor gastric and duodenal dysfunctions are discussed in patients with gall bladder dysfunction, chronic cholescystitis, and patients after cholecystectomy.

For 21 patients with a functional dyspepsia the influencing biologically active additives to nutrition "Pekcecom" on dynamics of clinical symptoms and parameters gastroduodenal motility under the data gastroduodenoscintigraphy was studied. The usage of biologically active additives during 4 weeks was accompanied by deboosting of accelerated gastric emptying for want of statistically significant influencing on a normal and delayed gastric emptying and parameters of duodenal transit.

The paper deals with studies of the intestinal microflora in 114 patients with acne vulgaris (94 and 20 with its papulopustular and nodulocystic forms). Sixty-one (54%) patients have either the first (21%) or second (78.7%) impaired bacterial microflora. At the same time, there are no great differences in the content of the intestinal microflora in different forms of acne. It is noted that adding intestinal microflora-correcting agents to combined therapy in patients with papulopustular acne vulgaris and verified dysbacteriosis reduces the duration of treatment by over twice and makes its duration the same as that in patients without dysbacteriosis.

The paper gives colonic X-ray findings in 39 patients with rectal prolapse. Of them, 20 and 19 patients were found to have internal and external rectal prolapse, respectively. Studies were conducted by the modified irrigoscopy developed by the State Coloproctology Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, to explore the anatomic and functional status of the rectum and the fundus of the pelvis in patients with impaired defecation. The X-ray sign of circular invagination that had been detected by the authors allowed them to make the diagnosis of internal rectal prolapse with the greatest assurance. The modified irrigoscopy in combination with oral enterography for external rectal prolapse could show associated changes, including enterocele and sigmocele.

The aim of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term results of sphincter preserving operations with forming a colonic J-reservoir. This study examined the results of the treatment of 63 patients with medioampullary carcinoma of the rectum. Sphincter preserving operations with forming a reservoiroanal anastomosis were made in 34 patients (test group), 29 patients had sphincter preserving operations with forming coloanal and supraanal colorectal anastomoses (control group). In the test group complications were observed in 6 (17.6%) patients and in the control group in 6 (20.7%) patients (p = 0.3962). The defecation frequency in the test group 3 months after the operation was 1.87 +/- (1-3) time a day, in the control group even through 12 months--3.0 +/- 1.5 times a day (p = 0.0001). In terms up to 6 months tenesmus, imperative desire to defecate and defecation's multistage more often disturbed the patients of the control group (p = 0.0005). The function of the faeces continence was satisfactory in both the patients' groups, however in the control group the events of the anal incontinence of I-II degree (p > 0.05) occurred more often. The negative aspect of the colonic reservoir's forming is frequent change of the evacuation function with constipation, however, the differences were statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Creation of a colonic reservoir doesn't increase lethality and postoperative complications rate, allows to reduce clinical manifestations of a "low anterior resection" syndrome.

The study discusses the experience gained with application of a complex of methods for early diagnosis of perifocal inflammation in 50 patients with cancer of the colon. Endoscopic, roentgenologic and radionuclide (using 67Ga citrate) methods were mainly employed. Perifocal inflammation was established in 38 (76%) patients. The diagnosis was further confirmed by morphologic examination of resected material. Application of the methods assured early diagnosis of asymptomatic perifocal inflammation associated with tumor.

The volume of daily blood loss was studied in 47 patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis by labelling red cells with radioactive sodium chromate. The volume of blood loss correlated closely with the activity of the inflammatory process evaluated during colonoscopy. Unlike visual, often erroneous, evaluation of blood loss, radioisotope study in dynamics makes it possible to objectify the appraisal of the activity and severity of the process, choose a rational therapeutic tactics, and determine the efficacy of the antiinflammatory treatment.