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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), which primarily includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a group of chronic diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract. In terms of the severity of clinical manifestations of the disease, the severity of treatment, and the overall significant disruption of life, patients may also experience psychological problems. In this context, depression and anxiety appear to be the most common psychopathological co-morbidity in IBD patients. Symptoms of depression or anxiety may lead to intensification of clinical symptoms, general worsening of the course of the disease, or contribute to the relapse of the disease. The primary aim of the research was to map the level of depression and anxiety in adult IBD patients in the Czech Republic. The secondary aim of the research was to describe the relationship between anxiety/depression and selected clinical and demographic factors. A total of 213 adult IBD patients were admitted to the questionnaire through IBD centres and patient organizations. The data-collection methods were Beck's Depression Inventory II., Beck's Anxiety Inventory, and questionnaire for clinical/demographic variables. The results have found that patients included in the research have had a mild level of depression and anxiety. For the secondary aim of the research - data was analysed using univariate analysis, from which significant variables were subsequently included in multiple regression analysis. In univariate analysis, gender (p = 0,02), disease activity (p < 0,001), age (p < 0,01) and type of treatment (p = 0, 04) had a significant relationship to depression. Whereas gender (p = 0,04), disease activity (p < 0,001) and type of treatment (p = 0,04) had a significant relationship to anxiety. Multiple regression results showed that disease activity (p < 0,001) is among the most important predictors of higher level of depression (ß = 0,36) and anxiety (ß = 0,20). Multiple regression has also found age (ß = - 0,14; p = 0,03) as a significant predictor for a lower level of depression. Medication with corticosteroids (ß = 0,22; p=0,03) has been found as a significant predictor for a higher level of anxiety. The obtained overall results of the research are comparable to the foreign research's findings. One of the surprising results was no difference between CD and UC patients in the level of depression or anxiety. The difference between individual diseases can be influenced by the activity itself, where foreign researchers have not found any difference between UC and CD patients after controlling for the activity of the disease. The research has some limitations that need to be mentioned. The research sample included mostly female patients, most of the patients underwent biological treatment, thus they were probably patients with a more complicated course of the disease. A significant representation of women might be caused by the fact that women tend to be more involved in support groups or they are more willing to talk about disease-related problems. When measuring depression and anxiety, some issues may have been overestimated as some of them focused on the somatic manifestations of depression or anxiety, thus affected by the current state of the disease. Psychological problems should be considered in general treatment in IBD, with regard to the possible negative impact on disease and general quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of this research is examining the needs of patients after the stabilization of their spines. The purpose is to point out the diseases that are less serious, however, still very limiting. We want to arouse interest among doctors, psychologists and relatives of patients and show them how to work with such patients. For this research we chose spondylolisthesis, which affects mainly lumbar and sacrum part of the spine. The problem is caused by the slide of one vertebra over the other. We used a qualitative method, the Interpretative phenomenological analysis. The data were gained by semi-structured interviews where patients responded retrospectively. Respon-dents describe their experience in four periods - finding out the diagnosis, finding out the necessity of the operation, the last week before the surgery, and returning to their normal life after the surgery. The research sample consists of four respondents, two women and two men who were operated in their adolescence or young adulthood. In the time of these interviews, they were not older than thirty five because we wanted them to have the exact memories from the time of the surgery. We focused on young people because vertebra diseases are more common in older age and that is why we think it is harder for young people to reconcile to it. Although we wanted to ensure homogeneity of our sample, there are big differences, concerning the time of the surgery of our respondents - one of them was just two months after the surgery but the other seventeen years. This fact could affect the whole experience. Unfortunately, this is the forfeit for our strict criteria. We found four basic needs, which were the same in all periods. It was the need to have the necessary information, appropriate behaviour, attention and the doctor care, social support and security, and the need to cope with the situation and focus on oneself. In each period there were more needs emerging than just these four. In the first period it was the need to be perceived and accepted by other people. In the second period the need of a miracle, belief in good end, the need of help from other people, the need to go back to normal life and the need to show emotions without shame. In the third period there were the need to show real emotions again and the need of having the surgery done. They wanted to do other things - to make waiting bearable and to solve practical questions of disease in this period. In the fourth period it was very important to see some progress, to learn how to move, to be careful and to let others help with casual daily activities. The results were quite often the same as the findings in some foreign articles. For example Snelgrove & Liossi (2009), Osborn & Smithe (1998), Middleton (2014) and Alqahtani (2015). We can see people with spine diseases feel the same in different parts of the Earth. We recommend focusing on this kind of a less serious disease and work with patients not just through their body but psychologically as well. For this case we create lists for doctors, psychologists and relatives which suggest how to communicate with patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the form of a case study the author introduces logotherapy intervention with bereavement during 14 logotherapy sessions. The text is supplemented by an introduction of the basic assumptions of logotherapy - conducting of the interview and logotherapy techniques. This is the case from a private practice. A more detailed description is devoted to seven introductory sessions. The text is supplemented by rewritings of some of the important moments in therapy. The author pays attention to modulation of attitudes - work with photographs, the letter of gratitude, the journey through the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to assess the influence of the overall context of a modified version of chamber restricted environmental stimulation (chamber REST; in a variation also known as "Darkness Therapy" - „DT") on the meaning in life, mindfulness and self-esteem. The research sample consisted of 37 clients of the Beskydy Rehabilitation Centre in Čeladná who, based on their own decision, underwent a week-long stay under chamber REST conditions, between 15th March, 2012 and 14th November, 2013. The age ranged between 25 and 84 (M = 45.86; SD = 13.16). The sample consisted of 17 women and 20 men. The youngest woman was 25 years old and the oldest one was 71 years old. The youngest man was 25 years old and the oldest man was 84 years old. The respondents were selected by purposive voluntary sampling. Considering the education, 14 subjects completed secondary-school education, 23 of them completed university education. Considering the occupation, 3 respondents were retired, the remaining 34 were employed. All subjects, who participated in the research voluntarily and at their own expense, underwent technically the same process. It was a seven-day stay in a REST environment (absolute darkness, quiet and solitude). The participants stated and confirmed by their signature that they did not show any psychopathological reactions at that time, they did not take any psychopharmaceutical drugs and did not experience any significant physical ailments (acute illness, bleeding etc.) and they entered the experimental environment voluntarily. During the week the participants/clients were daily visited by a therapist with whom they could talk about any current issues. The duration of the interviews depended on their current needs, thirty to forty-five minutes on average. A week before the DT stay, each of the subjects filled in the following diagnostic questionnaires: Existence Scale (ES), Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Three weeks after they completed the procedure they received the same measures again. The data obtained were evaluated by the SPSS software. Normal distribution of data was verified by Shapiro-Wilk test. The effect of the experimental conditions was assessed by a pairedsample t-test or Wilcoxon paired-sample test. The distortion emerging as a result of multiple testing was eliminated by Bonferroni correction. Comparing the values measured prior to and after the stay in the researched modification of chamber REST environment (DT), we found a significant difference on all scales. Most of them remained significant even after applying the Bonferroni correction. Therefore, we concluded that the overall framework of the effect of the researched modification of chamber restricted environmental stimulation applied for a week has a positive influence on the respondents regarding the meaning in life (evaluated by ES), mindfulness (measured by FFMQ) and self-esteem (measured by RSES). No statistically significant differences were found as a function of gender or educational level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to answer whether environment with restricted environmental stimulation (REST; chamber REST variant) influences the functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The criterion of the effect on ANS is measuring the heart rate variability (HRV). A pilot research of chamber REST (a variant on the Dark Therapy; DT): in co-operation with dr. Andrew Urbiš from Beskydy Rehabilitation Centre in Čeladná (BRC) we commenced measuring HRV with an emWave2 device in clients prior to and after a week of chamber REST (DT). From the data obtained from the measurements we can tentatively make the preliminary conclusion that HRV tends to increase after a week of DT. Thanks to the findings we are preparing a more elaborated experimental study in 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes development of therapeutic, relaxation and self-experiencing method Restricted environmental stimulation technique/therapy (REST). From a historical standpoint it refers to early research into sensory deprivation from the 1950s to 1970s. Further it emphasizes the connection with Japanese therapists approach (Masatake Morita and Yoshimoto Ishin). Research of REST is intensively practiced in Sweden and USA. REST is method that is construed as a supplement of therapeutic action. This method has two forms: Chamber REST and Flotation REST. The chamber REST variant, in combination with other therapeutic techniques, has a therapeutic potencial that enables restructuralization of attitudes, opinions, understanding of the patients own emotions in relation to social environment, enacts on change of self-concept and enables an insight into actual problems. It improves realistic thinking and ability of elaboration. Some studies support positive influence on serious diagnosis such as obsessive compulsive disorder, autism, reducing psychotic symptoms in schizofrenic patients, manic and hypomanic states, and addictive behaviour changes (alcohol abuse, obesity, smoking). The flotation REST variant has similar effects such as relaxation, autogenous training, meditation. Its use is connected with medical influence in hypertension reduction, insomnia treatment, stress coping. It also provides relief of chronic pain and muscle tension, and improves creativity. It can create feeling of relief without previous training [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have investigated the influence of the damping force acting on high quality tuning forks (Q∼10) of different sizes and geometries in superfluid He-B at temperatures below 200 μK and a pressure of 0.1 bar. The measurements show that at low velocities, the damping of the largest fork expressed in terms of its resonance characteristic width Δ f rises up as its velocity increases. This is in contradiction to the damping of the fork due to Andreev reflection and it may be caused by the interaction of this fork with excitations trapped in the Andreev bond states. We present our preliminary experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]