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Cyberspace is an environment in which cyber-attacks can be committed. Fraudulent attacks are one of the oldest cyber-attacks of all. The aim of this article is to familiarize the reader with the evolution of phishing and Business Email Compromise (BEC) attacks that occurred to a large extent in the cyberspace of the Czech Republic from 2014 to 2018. The article describes scam, phishing and BEC definitions, as well as individual ways of implementing specific attacks. Special attention is also paid to the possible criminal liability of the attacker for the described cyber-attacks, both according to the international legal regulations (enshrined in the Convention on Cybercrime) and according to the legislation of the Czech Republic.

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Candidate: Mgr. Jan Kolouch Consultant: PharmDr. Tomáš Filipský, Ph.D. Title of thesis: Assessment of chelating properties of 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin Iron is an indispensable element in the human body. This element plays irreplaceable role in many metabolic processes, such as transport of oxygen and synthesis of DNA. The essential feature of iron is its ability to transport electrons and facilitation of catalytic reactions. These reactions are realized by redox properties of iron, which naturally occurs at two different oxidation states, i.e. Fe2+ and Fe3+ . Nevertheless, this element can catalyze not only beneficial, but also toxic reactions. One of those is Fenton reaction, which results in the formation of reactive oxygen species that are toxic to the surrounding tissue. In this thesis we have focused on the assessment of chelating properties of 6,7- dihydroxycoumarin (67DHC) at various pH conditions (4.5, 5.5, 6.8 and 7.5) using both competitive and direct UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Further, we have evaluated its reducing activity at pH 4.5 and 5.5. By the analysis of UV-Vis absorption spectra we have found out, that 67DHC chelated Fe2+ ions at pH 5.5, 6.8 and 7.5 at the chelating ratio 2:1...

Jan Kolouch Alteration of transport proteins expression during intrahepatic cholestasis in rats Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Pharmacy Background: The aim of the diploma thesis was the verification of cholestatic liver injury by biochemical analysis of plasma and analysis of the main efflux and uptake hepatic transporters (Ntcp, Oatp1a4, Bsep, Mrp2, Mrp3, Mrp4) at the mRNA level. Methods: Wistar rats (n = 6, in each group; 280 - 320 g) were divided into two groups: Control group (LPS-K) and LPS group (lipopolysaccharide was administred at once i.p., 4mg/kg). Blood and liver samples were collected 12 hours after LPS administration. Biochemical analysis of plasma was performed by Cobas Integra ® 800 and GC/MS. Changes of mRNA expression of the transporters were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Results: In comparison to control group, LPS group showed significantly elevated plasmatic levels of the bile acids and also elevated activity of ALP and GMT. Plasmatic levels of bile acids were elevated to 818%, activity of ALP was elevated to 311% and activity of GMT to 2167%. Intrahepatic cholestasis led to the significant decrease of mRNA levels - Ntcp to 4.6%, Oatp1a4 to 2.2%, Mrp2 to 1.7% and Bsep to 25%. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is...

This thesis describes and evaluates the four pastoral activities of pilgrimage sites in the archdiocese of Prague from 2005 till 2008. The names of pilgrimage sites are Stara Boleslav, Svata Hora in Pribram, Hradek u Vlasimi and Infant Jesus of Prague. Evaluation of these pilgrimage sites is made by basis of religion documents that compare the general pastoral activity of these pilgrimage sites. Keywords pilgrimage sites pastoral activity Stara Boleslav Svata Hora in Pribram Hradek u Vlasimi Infant Jesus of Prague