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Small and medium-sized enterprises have a significant impact on the economic development of countries. Some of the resources obtained by governments to finance public services are allocated to support SMEs. This support for SMEs contributes to achieving objectives such as increasing economic growth and employment, promoting innovation and competitiveness. These supports, which have a critical importance at every stage of SMEs' development, enable SMEs to improve their performance. The study aims to compare the financing of SMEs in Türkiye and the countries under consideration and to draw policy implications for Türkiye. In the study prepared for this purpose, firstly, the concept of SMEs is mentioned and then information about the financing of SMEs is given. After giving information about the practices in the countries considered in SME financing, a comparison is made. The study concludes that Türkiye is inadequate in programs to develop financial skills for SMEs and to increase transparency in financial markets. In this direction, it is suggested that programs should be developed by making use of successful country examples, a long-term SME strategy should be developed and a Ministry of SMEs should be established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the developments in technology, the phenomenon of digitalization, which is reflected in every segment of society, has also spread to organizations, which are a subsystem of society. With this change, organizations have tried to develop strategies that can adapt to change in order to take part in competition in the sector in which they operate. In this study, the digital services offered by banks to SMEs are analyzed from the perspective of institutional isomorphism. Banks are among the types of organizations where digitalization is most observed today. In this context, the digital services offered by banks for the digitalization of SMEs were investigated using content analysis method. The digital services offered by banks for SMEs were analyzed over a five-year period according to their annual and integrated reports. According to the results obtained from the analysis, isomorphism was found in the services offered by banks for the digitalization of SMEs. The isomorphism in these services is also reflected in the digital transformation practices offered to SMEs. In addition, as a result of the research findings, a general increase was observed in the digital services offered by banks to SMEs on a yearly basis. However, the increase in the services offered during the pandemic period attracted attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Economics, Finance, Politics is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Erciyes Akademi is the property of Erciyes Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu çalışmanın amacı Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli İşletmeleri Geliştirme ve Destekleme İdaresi Başkanlığı (KOSGEB) desteklerinin, destekleri kullanan paydaşlara ne ölçüde katkı sağladığı analiz etmektedir. Aynı zamanda destekler ile ilgili yaşanan olumsuzluklar ve beklentilerin neler olduğunu ortaya koymak da çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak yarı yapılandırılmış mülakat çalışması yapılmış, nitel yaklaşım yönteminde uygulanan fenomenoloji deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni 2020-2021 yıllarında KOSGEB’in KOBİ proje başlığı altında faaliyet gösteren Erzurum ilindeki KOBİ’lerdir. Araştırma KOSGEB destek programından yararlanan 10 işletme sahibi ile yüz yüze mülakat şeklinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri analizinde katılımcılara istatistiki program olan regrasyon analizi yapılmıştır. Tüm bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında katılımcılar genel olarak desteklerden faydalanamadıklarını düşünmektedirler. Bunun sebepleri arasında; mentörlük, destek koşullarının ağır olması, prosedürlerin karmaşıklığı ön plana çıkmaktadır. Desteklerin Erzurum ilinde faaliyet gösteren KOBİ’lere faydası, genel olarak olumlu olup, yeni destek programlarına pozitif bakıldığı görülmektedir. Devlet desteklerinin işletme verimliliğine etkilerine ilişkin katılım derecelerinin kuruluş sermayesi kendi öz sermayesi olanlar ile kuruluş sermayesi olarak devlet kredi teşviki kullananların farklılaştığı görülmektedir. Eruzurum’ da bulunan KOBİ’lere mentörlük çalışması yapılarak ve destek prosedürlerini kolaylaştıran bir programın uygulanması KOSGEB destek verimliliğini artıracağı kanısına varılmıştır. Ayrıca KOBİ ihtiyaçlarına yönelik koşulların karşılıklı olarak gözden geçirilmesi ve revize edilmesi karşılıklı yarar sağlayacaktır.

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Economics, Finance, Politics is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University (AKU) Sosyal Bilimler Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development (IJERAD) is the property of International Journal of Engineering Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Afyon Kocatepe University, Faculty of Business Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Silk Road Tourism Research is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are essential building blocks of the economy, acting as key players that contribute significantly to increasing added value within the ecosystem. These enterprises play a critical role in economic growth and the expansion of employment opportunities. Enhancing the digital capabilities of SMEs is a crucial step in increasing their competitiveness and ensuring sustainable growth. In this context, the Small and Medium Industry Development Organization (KOSGEB) supports the development of SMEs nationwide through the SME Development Support Program (KOBİGEL), aiming to enhance the competitiveness of SMEs. KOBİGEL, through a call-based approach, supports SMEs to advance in the realms of digital transformation and innovation. The purpose of this study is to establish effective evaluation criteria for KOSGEB’s KOBİGEL support program’s digitalization call and to develop a scoring system. To determine the evaluation criteria, an initial literature review was conducted. The main and sub-evaluation criteria identified based on the research results were then presented to experts, and suitable criteria for the digitalization call were established. Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) method, the scoring for each main criterion was performed. As a result of this evaluation, the Digital Culture and Skills criterion obtained the highest score with 23%, followed by the Technological Infrastructure of the firm with 22%, Digitalization Strategy with 20%, Governance with 17%, and Resource Status for Digitalization with 17%. Thus, evaluation criteria for the digitalization call of the KOBİGEL support program were determined, and a scoring system was established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The financial performance of SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) plays a crucial role in bank credit access of these enterprises and the economies of countries where they operate. However, firm' executives' Resource-based View (RBV) characteristics can differently affect the financial performance of SMEs that they manage, therefore, credit access of SMEs can differ. In this regard, this paper aims to analyze whether the impact of financial performance on bank access to finance differs depending on executives' educational status, gender, and sectoral experience or not. In line with this aim, this research collects data from 479 randomly selected respondents by directing an online questionnaire. After that, the research data is analyzed by employing a Binary Logistic Regression Test. According to the results, the impact of financial performance on credit access differs depending on the gender and sectoral experience of firms' executives. However, the educational status of firm executives does not play any role in the impact of financial performance on access to finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was achieved to estimate the intercourse amid task-oriented leadership style, psychological capital, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. In the research, a survey was applied to 425 employees of small and medium-sized businesses operating in Gaziantep and Şanlıurfa provinces, determined by convenience sampling method. In this context, the relationship between task-oriented leadership, psychological capital, job satisfaction and organizational commitment was tested with "partial least squares" (PLS) and "structural equation modeling" (SEM). According to the results of the structural equation model, it was concluded that the task-oriented leadership style had a positive effect on psychological capital and subdimensions of psychological capital, namely self-efficacy, optimism, hope and resiliency. The research concluded that the task-oriented leadership style had a positive effect on job satisfaction. The study concluded that task-oriented leadership style had a positive effect on organizational commitment; had a positive effect on continuance, normative and affective commitment sub-dimensions of organizational commitment; psychological capital had a positive effect on job satisfaction. In addition, psychological capital had a positive effect on organizational commitment and had a positive effect on continuance, normative and affective commitment sub-dimensions of organizational commitment; job satisfaction had a positive effect on organizational commitment and had a positive effect on the continuance, normative and affective commitment sub-dimensions of organizational commitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Economics, Business & Politics (UEIP) is the property of International Journal of Economics, Business & Politics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Employee theft is a common form of behavior in small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs). This situation inflicts serious financial losses on businesses and hinders their development. SMEs that cannot achieve the required growth level indirectly hinder the country's development. In this respect, describing employee thefts in SMEs will make serious contributions to both the relevant literature and practitioners. Therefore, the research aims to reflect a general portrait of the causes, processes, and consequences of employee theft in SMEs. In line with the purpose of the research, answers were sought to two basic questions. The first of these is the discovery of the factors that affect the tendency of individuals working in SMEs to theft behavior. The second is to determine what measures should be taken to prevent employee theft from happening again in these businesses. To answer the research questions, individuals working in 10 SMEs were contacted and interviews were held. These employees operate in the textile, tourism, white goods, furniture, accounting-finance and food sectors in Turkey's Denizli province. The data evaluated by the descriptive analysis method pointed to 3 main themes and 23 sub-themes, namely cash, goods or products and time, which pushed the employees to theft. The data evaluated by the descriptive analysis method pointed to 3 main themes and 23 sub-themes, namely cash, goods or products and time, which pushed the employees to theft. In addition, theoretical and practical implications are presented by interpreting sub-themes such as timely stocktaking, security measures and surveillance to prevent theft behaviors experienced in SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All around the globe, SMEs constitute the backbones of the countries' economies, with their contribution to a very high level of employment and enterprises, as well as GDP creation. Despite their significance in their economies, SMEs' engagement in export activities is limited, which could be enhanced with better corporate governance initiatives. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between one of the main components of corporate governance, i.e., board of directors (BOD), and SME internationalization. We apply stratified sampling by city, size, and sector to fairly reflect the SME population in Turkey, collecting data from 469 SMEs. To quantify the board characteristics, we construct a board index, composed of seven board-related variables. Then, we estimate cross-sectional regressions including firm-specific control variables and legal and industry dummies. Our findings show that the board index is strongly and positively associated with SME internationalization, implying SMEs can reach higher internationalization levels by fostering a more attentive approach toward the composition and functioning of their BODs. By focusing on the individual board characteristics, SMEs are likely to enhance their BODs’ monitoring and controlling functions in addition to their resource-acquiring functions, ultimately leading to higher internationalization levels.

Tedarikçi finansmanı, özellikle KOBİ niteliğindeki firmalar için yeni bir çözüm önermektedir. Kriz dönemlerinde daha da ciddileşen krediye ulaşım sorunu, nakit yönetimi ve tedarik zincirlerinin bozulması konularında olumlu bir yaklaşımı olan bu enstrüman, İslami finans uygulayıcısı olan Katılım Bankaları için de yeni bir alan açmakta ve kurumsal müşteriler için katılım finansı prensiplerine uygun bir çözüm önermektedir. Dünya’da “Supplier Chain Finance” olarak ifade edilen bu enstrüman özellikle nakit akışı ve finans yönetimi açısından son yıllarda önem arz etmektedir. Bu ürünün çok yakın zamanda katılım finans sistemine dâhil olması nedeni ile yapılan akademik çalışmaların sayısı oldukça sınırlıdır. Tedarikçi finansmanının KOBİ’lerin kısa vadede yapabilecekleri finansal planlama ve değer oluşturma süreçlerinin ve verimliliklerinin artmasına katkıda bulunması beklenmektedir. Katılım finansı prensipleri çerçevesinde ihtiyaç duyulan ticari işlemlerin gerçekleştirilebilmesi başta faiz hassasiyeti olmak üzere katılım finansı hassasiyeti olan firmalar için yeni bir kapı açmıştır. Çalışmamızın amacı, katılım bankacılığı uygulaması ile birlikte tedarikçi finansmanı enstrümanının KOBİ’lere olan finansal ve operasyonel faydalarını açıklamaktır. KOBİ’lerin ödeme periyodu sürelerine olan etkisini ve uzun vadeli, stratejik faydaları gibi konular ise bu çalışmanın dışında tutulmuştur.

Copyright of Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance / Ekonomi, Politika & Finans Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Digitalization and sustainability are no longer contentious topics in today's world. Digital innovation and ecological actions constantly evolve, affecting a company's strategy, structure, operations, and performance. These developments are particularly important for growing economies such as Türkiye. Small and mediumsized enterprises (SMEs) are essential to the Turkish economy, providing 72 % of employment. The utilization of digital innovations and sustainability approaches is having an increasingly positive impact on the growth of SMEs in today's business environment. This article focuses on the transformative process of Turkish SMEs toward sustainability and digitalization. The data were from the Flash Eurobarometer 486, which compares the average of 27 EU countries to Türkiye. As a result of the study, it is understood that sustainability and digitalization continue to be underused in Turkish SMEs, primarily due to high investment requirements and a scarcity of financial resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışma, KOBİ’lerin yatırım teşviklerinden yararlanma durumlarını, yatırım teşviklerinden ve yatırım teşviklerinin denetimine ilişkin beklentilerinin tespit edilmesi amacı taşımaktadır. Bu kapsamda Sivas ilinde yer alan KOBİ’lere yönelik bir anket çalışması uygulanmıştır. Anket sonucunda elde edilen veriler, SPSS 22.0 programında analiz edilerek yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır. Verilerin analizi için frekans analizi, açıklayıcı faktör analizi ve regresyon analizi gibi istatistiki analizlerden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, çalışmaya katılım sağlayan tüm KOBİ’lerin yatırım teşviklerinden yararlandığı, çoğunluğunun yatırım teşviklerini faydalı bulduğu ve yatırım teşvikleri konusunda daha çok sanayi ve ticaret odalarından bilgi aldıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcı firma çalışanlarının yatırım teşviklerinden beklentileri ve yatırım teşviklerinin denetimine ilişkin ölçekler arasında ise anlamlı bir ilişkinin olmaması araştırmada elde edilen bir diğer sonuçtur.

Copyright of Çankırı Karatekin University Journal of the Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences is the property of Cankiri Karatekin University, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Economics Business & Finance Research / Ekonomi İşletme ve Maliye Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Irfan Ersin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are private sector enterprises whose capital, workforce and assets are below the thresholds determined according to national regulations. SMEs play an important role in the economy of most countries in the world, especially in developing countries. SMEs, which make up approximately 90% of enterprises worldwide, provide more than 50% of employment. Estimating the contribution of SMEs to the economy at the country level is very important in terms of planning and investment. In this study, a deep learning-based model was developed to predict the contribution of SMEs to the economy. The developed LSTM-based deep learning model was compared with RF, SVM, CNN, GRU, MLP and RNN. Experimental results showed that the developed model had a better prediction performance than other models compared with 2.169 MSE, 1.473 RMSE, 1.175 MAE, and 0.959 R2 values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pamukkale University Journal of Business Research / Pamukkale Üniversitesi İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Pamukkale University Journal of Business Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sakarya University Graduate School of Business Journal (SAUGSB-J)Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Sakarya University Journal of Business Administration Institute (SAUIED) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Islamic Economics / İslam Ekonomisi Dergisi is the property of Journal of Islamic Economics / Islam Ekonomski Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boğaziçi Journal: Review of Social, Economic & Administrative Studies is the property of Bogazici University, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

ÖZ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, özellikle en son sürümüyle gelen yenilikler çerçevesinde, ISO 9001:2015 Kalite Yönetim Sisteminin (KYS) KOBİ’lerde ne derece etkin uygulandığını araştırmak ve sistemin uygulanmasına yönelik zorlukları ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada, Kayseri’de faaliyet gösteren 22 KOBİ’de ISO 9001:2015 KYS uygulamaları incelenerek, standarttaki yeni kavram ve konulara uyum sağlama durumları, karşılaştıkları uygunsuzluklar ve uygulamada yaşadıkları zorluklar özelinde değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır 1 . Bu kapsamda, araştırmanın güvenirliğini doğrulayacak şekilde verileri toplamak için, önceden tanımlı bir görüşme protokolü izlenerek görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu aracılığı ile elde edilen nitel veriler, tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve içerik analizi yöntemi ile bulgulara dönüştürülmüştür. Çalışmada KOBİ’lerin ISO 9001:2015 standardının şartlarına uyumu açısından firma ölçeğine göre farklılaşan uygulamalar görülmüştür. KOBİ’lerin büyüklüğü arttıkça ISO 9001 standardında yapılan değişikliklere verilen tepkiler olumlu karşılanmış ve uygulamaların etkinliği artmıştır. Daha çok kalite yönetim sisteminde süreç yaklaşımının uygulanması, liderlik ve taahhüt, yetkinlik, farkındalık, iç denetim ve risk ve fırsatları belirleme ile ilgili uygunsuzlukların yaşandığı gözlenmiştir. KOBİ’lerde standardın uygulanmasını zorlaştıran faktörler arasında, ISO 9001 standardındaki kavramların kişilerce farklı yorumlanabilmesi, çok fazla dokümantasyon gerektirmesi, çalışanların standardın önemini bilmemesi, motivasyon eksikliği, standart ile ilgili eğitimlerin yetersizliği ilk sıralarda yer almıştır. Çalışma, KOBİ yöneticilerine, uygulayıcılara ve araştırmacılara ISO 9001:2015 KYS şartlarının uygulanmasına ilişkin önemli sonuçlar sunmaktadır. ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to investigate how effectively the ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System is implemented in SMEs within the framework of the updates (e.g., risk based thinking) that came with its latest version and to reveal the challenges for the implementation of the system. In the study, it was also aimed to explain why SMEs need a quality management system and to develop suggestions for improvements that can be made to increase the success of the implementation. In the study, ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System applications were examined in 22 SMEs operating in Kayseri province, and their adaptation to the new concepts and issues in the standard, the nonconformities and the difficulties they encountered in practice were evaluated. In this context, interviews were conducted accordance with a predefined interview protocol to collect data, thereby validating the reliability of the research. Qualitative data collected via a semi-structured questionnaire were transformed into findings with descriptive statistics and content analysis. In this study, on the basis of new concepts and themes introduced with the ISO 9001:2015 version, especially such new themes as "business planning and strategic direction", "process risk", "product and service risk", "risk associated with the control of externally provided process, product and service" were examined in detail through PDCA cycle and identified the extent to which these themes were applied in SMEs with evidences. In terms of adaptation of SMEs to these changes, different practices were observed according to firm scale. As the size of SMEs increased, the reactions to the changes in the ISO 9001 standard were welcomed and the effiency of the implementation increased. It was observed that there were nonconformities in the implementation of the process approach in the quality management system, leadership and commitment, competence, awareness, internal audit and determining risks and opportunities. The challenges experienced by SMEs in applying and maintaining the standard were determined as follows: Different interpretation of the concepts in the ISO 9001 standard by individuals, too much documentation, lack of awareness for the importance of the standard, lack of motivation, and inadequacy of Standard training. The study provides important findings for SME managers, practitioners, and researchers interested in implementing ISO 9001:2015 QMS requirements.

Amaç: Döngüsel ekonomi bileşenlerinin firma performansına etkisini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada döngüsel ekonomi ve firma performansı arasındaki ilişki 2020 yılında gerçekleştirilen Eurobarometer-SMEs, Start-ups, Scale-ups, and Entrepreneurship isimli çalışmanın veri seti kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada döngüsel ekonomi bileşenleri; geri dönüşüm/yeniden kullanım, enerji tüketiminin azaltılması, enerjinin tasarruf edilmesi ve sürdürülebilir ürün üretimi olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışma tüm Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkeleri ve aday ülkelerde faaliyet gösteren Küçük ve Orta Ölçekli Firmalar (KOBİ’ler) için yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada bağımlı değişken olan cironun özelliğinden ötürü genelleştirilmiş sıralı logit yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre; döngüsel ekonominin firma performansıyla olan ilişkisi anlamlı ve pozitiftir. Döngüsel ekonomi bileşenleri ayrı ayrı ele alındığında firmalar tüketimi azaltmak veya kaynak tasarrufu sağlamak gibi önlemlerin yanı sıra sürdürülebilirlik özelliği taşıyan ürün üretimine de yönlenmektedirler. Bu da geleceğe dair hem firma sahipleri hem de politika yapıcılar açısından sürdürülebilir ürün üretimi ve verimlilik ilişkisi ile ilgili önemli politika önerilerine işaret etmektedir. Özgünlük: Döngüsel ekonomi ve firma performansı arasındaki ilişki hem AB ülkeleri hem de aday ülkelerin yer aldığı geniş kapsamlı ve güncel bir veri seti kullanılarak döngüsel ekonominin firma performansı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir.

Aim: The aim of the study is, besides other things, to establish the extent in which determinants of bank lending are implemented in association with the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises in Nigeria.Method: The study applied the econometrics method of data analysis. Secondary data for the research were gathered from the Central Bank of Nigeria's Statistical Bulletin, which has a long history of providing accessible, adequate, accurate, and reliable data. Multiple regression analysis was used in conjunction with Stata software.Findings: The study shows that bank size has a significant influence on bank lending to MSMEs, the regression coefficient further reveals that bank size is negatively associated with bank lending to MSMEs, this implies that an increase in bank size will not always bring about an increase in bank lending to MSMEs. The finding also shows that credit risk and bank liquidity have a significant influence on bank lending to MSMEs, the regression result further reveals that credit risk is negatively associated with bank lending to MSMEs, thus implying that an increase in credit risk will cause a decrease in lending to MSMEs in the same vein liquidity ratio was found to be positively related to bank lending to MSMEs, thus implying that higher liquidity ratio will propel higher bank lending to MSMEs. Finally, the finding shows that the volume of deposits and interest rates have a significant relationship with bank lending to MSMEs. The regression result further reveals that interest rate is negatively associated with bank lending to MSMEs, thus implying that an increase in interest rate will cause a decrease in bank lending to MSMEs. In the same vein volume of deposits was found to be positively related to bank lending to MSMEs, thus implying that an increase in the volume of deposits will cause an increase in bank lending to MSMEsResults: The study concluded that the determinants of bank lending have an effect on the access to capital and the development of MSMEs in Nigeria. The research suggested that banks should develop an alternative financing strategy that would alleviate lending constraints to MSMEs. This is because MSMEs are subjected to strict terms and conditions by banks, prompting them to seek other sources of funding that may be insufficient to finance their operations and ensure their survival.

With the increasing effect of globalization, most of the enterprises operating in our country are Small and Medium Sized (SMEs) enterprises. According to the Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey, the number of SMEs operating in Turkey is 3.2 million. This number constitutes 99.8% of all businesses. The pandemic crisis and the economic recession that followed have affected many SMEs in our country. Some of the enterprises operating in Uzunkopru are also SMEs. Uzunkopru Commodity Exchange (UTB) and Uzunkopru Chamber of Commerce and Industry (UTSO) exist in the district as nongovernmental organizations that SMEs can become members of. Uzunkopru Commodity Exchange has 213 members and Uzunkopru Chamber of Commerce and Industry has 1214 members. The majority of SMEs in the district operate in agricultural production. In the study, it is aimed to make an evaluation on the economic and financial situation of the SMEs in the Uzunkopru district of Edirne, especially in the last period. For this purpose, economic and financial data published publicly within the scope of the Personal Data Protection Law will be evaluated. As the data source, the reports of Uzunkopru Commodity Exchange, Uzunkopru Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Turkish Statistical Institute, Turkish Employment Agency, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Organization of Türkiye and similar institutions were determined. The data were first interpreted with graphics. In the following part, SWOT analysis and TOWS matrix were made. According to these analyzes, strengths and weaknesses of SMEs were determined. Opportunities and threats in the district are revealed. Matches were made with the TOWS matrix and strategies were created. As strengths, geopolitical location, agricultural structure and historical texture of the district have been determined. Weaknesses are migration problem, branding problem, decrease in the number of university students, low entrepreneurship, and economic problems. With the TOWS matrix, solutions for the problems of the district have been put forward. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the district were also mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences / İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Commerce University Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of the Cukurova University Institute of Social Sciences is the property of Cukurova University Institute of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In this study, it is aimed to understand how Industry 4.0 applications of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) operating in Turkey affect their business models. In the study, after the concept of Industry 4.0 was evaluated in general terms, the business model and business model innovation were examined and a general examination of the business model for SMEs, the effect of Industry 4.0 on business models and the Industry 4.0-based business model innovation in SMEs was made. In the literature review, no studies were found examining how Industry 4.0 applications affect business models in Turkish SMEs. With the study carried out in order to understand in detail how the change stemming from Industry 4.0 provides innovations on the basis of three business model elements- value creation, value delivery and value capture- a general framework for the changes they will experience in business models is presented for SMEs that have not yet started the Industry 4.0 transformation or are in the process of transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to investigate how effectively the ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System is implemented in SMEs within the framework of the updates (e.g., risk based thinking) that came with its latest version and to reveal the challenges for the implementation of the system. In the study, it was also aimed to explain why SMEs need a quality management system and to develop suggestions for improvements that can be made to increase the success of the implementation. In the study, ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management System applications were examined in 22 SMEs operating in Kayseri province, and their adaptation to the new concepts and issues in the standard, the nonconformities and the difficulties they encountered in practice were evaluated. In this context, interviews were conducted accordance with a predefined interview protocol to collect data, thereby validating the reliability of the research. Qualitative data collected via a semi-structured questionnaire were transformed into findings with descriptive statistics and content analysis. In this study, on the basis of new concepts and themes introduced with the ISO 9001:2015 version, especially such new themes as "business planning and strategic direction", "process risk", "product and service risk", "risk associated with the control of externally provided process, product and service" were examined in detail through PDCA cycle and identified the extent to which these themes were applied in SMEs with evidences. In terms of adaptation of SMEs to these changes, different practices were observed according to firm scale. As the size of SMEs increased, the reactions to the changes in the ISO 9001 standard were welcomed and the effiency of the implementation increased. It was observed that there were nonconformities in the implementation of the process approach in the quality management system, leadership and commitment, competence, awareness, internal audit and determining risks and opportunities. The challenges experienced by SMEs in applying and maintaining the standard were determined as follows: Different interpretation of the concepts in the ISO 9001 standard by individuals, too much documentation, lack of awareness for the importance of the standard, lack of motivation, and inadequacy of Standard training. The study provides important findings for SME managers, practitioners, and researchers interested in implementing ISO 9001:2015 QMS requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sakarya University Graduate School of Business Journal (SAUGSB-J)Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Sakarya University Journal of Business Administration Institute (SAUIED) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Akademi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Research & Behavioral Sciences / Sosyal Araştırmalar ve Davranış Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social Research & Behavioral Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of organizational culture and organizational democracy on organizational silence. In this context, quantitative research was conducted. Data were collected using the questionnaire technique. The data were first analyzed with structural equation modeling in terms of compozitivity and reliability. For the hypothesis tests, multiple regression analyses were performed. As a result of the analysis; it was seen that clan and adhocracy culture had a negative and significant effect on organizational silence. On the other hand, it has been determined that market culture has a positive and significant effect on organizational silence. In another analysis; it has been determined that the transparency and equality dimensions of organizational democracy have a negative and significant effect on organizational silence. According to the research results; while clan and adhocracy culture reduces organizational silence, market culture increases it. As another result; the decrease in the perception of transparency and equality in organizations increases the silence behavior. Finally, it has been determined that organizational democracy is significantly affected by organizational culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sakarya Journal of Economics / Sakarya Iktisat Dergisi is the property of Sakarya Journal of Economics / Sakarya Iktisat Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Küçük ve orta ölçekli işletmeler (KOBİ’ler), girişimcilik faaliyetleriyle ülkelerin sosyo-ekonomik kalkınmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadırlar. Ancak KOBİ'ler, krizlerin küresel finansal piyasaların üzerinde yarattığı ani ve şiddetli etkileri nedeniyle çeşitli sorunlarla karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Bu anlamda Covid-19 pandemisi, iş dünyasını ve ekonomiyi etkileyen yeni bir tehdittir. Küresel boyutta devam etmekte olduğu için, yarattığı etkilerin boyutları henüz tam olarak ortaya konulamamıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, Covid-19 sürecinde KOBİ’lerin finansal görünümünü ortaya koyabilmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Denizli İl’inde tekstil sektöründe faaliyet gösteren KOBİ yöneticileriyle görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Covid-19’un tekstil sektöründeki işletmelere etkisinin işletmenin faaliyet konusuna ve iş modeline göre farklılık gösterdiği, sipariş üzerine üretim yapan bazı tekstil işletmelerinin siparişlerinin pandemi sürecinde askıya alındığı veya iptal edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu durumun işletmelerin finansal görünümünde nakit, stoklar, ticari alacaklar, gelirler, borç / öz kaynak yapısı, gider ve maliyet kalemlerinin öne çıkmasına neden olduğu belirlenmiştir.

SMEs play a vital role in the development of national economies. But these businesses encounter with several barriers when performing this role. To cope with these impediments, some entrepreneurial attitudes that are dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO), namely, competitive aggressiveness and autonomy enable SMEs to achieve better performance levels by increasing their revenues and income. However, depending on the characteristics of SMEs these behaviors might differ. In this regard, the purpose of this paper is to determine and examine whether competitive aggressiveness and autonomy of SMEs differ depending on their age and size or not. To fulfil this aim, the researcher has collected data from 479 SMEs in Turkey by employing a questionnaire survey. To find differences between characteristics of firms regarding selected entrepreneurial attitudes, Independent sample T-test is applied. According to the results, competitive aggressiveness of SMEs does not differ depending on their age and size. But while autonomy of smaller and larger SMEs does not differ, older SMEs have more autonomy comparing to their younger counterparts. The reasons of those result might stem from firmentrepreneurial level characteristics of SMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of InTraders International Trade Academic Journal / InTraders Uluslararası Ticaret Akademik Dergisi is the property of Kursat Capraz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Omer Halisdemir Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Omer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Economics & Admistrative Sciene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Motif Academy Journal of Folklore is the property of Motif Yayincilik and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)