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Nazofaringeal ve orofaringeal hava yolu problemlerinin büyüme-gelişim döneminde çene-yüz bölgesindeki gelişimi olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Nazal konka hipertrofisi, adenoid hipertrofisi ve tonsiller hipertrofiler gibi nazal obstrüksiyonlar sonucu burun solunumunun engellendiği durumlarda ağız solunumunun devreye girmesiyle alt çenenin aşağı ve geriye rotasyonu ve dilin aşağıda konumlanması; dik yön gelişiminde artma, açık kapanış, yan çapraz kapanış, üst çenede darlık ve üst dişlerde ileri itim gibi kapanış bozukluklarını doğurabilmektedir. Hava yolunun değerlendirilmesi, solunum bozukluğu olan hastalar için önemli bir tanı aracı olmakta birlikte büyüme-gelişim dönemindeki hastalarda, kraniyofasiyal anomalinin tedavisi ve sonucunun stabilitesi için kritik öneme sahiptir. Ortodontik tedavinin ağız solunumu ile ilişkili olan malokluzyonlarının tanısı, klinik ve radyolojik hava yolu ölçümlerinin doğru bir şekilde incelenmesini gerektirmekte ve hava yolu ölçüm tekniklerinin kullanımı önemli bir konu haline gelmektedir. Bu derlemede bu hususlar hakkında güncel gelişmelerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır., It is known that nasopharyngeal andoropharyngeal airway problems negativelyaffect the development of the maxillofacialregion during the growth-development period.In cases where nasal breathing is blocked asa result of nasal obstructions such as nasalconcha hypertrophy, adenoid hypertrophy, andtonsillar hypertrophies, the lower and backrotation of the lower jaw and the positioning ofthe tongue below; Increase in vertical directiondevelopment, open bite, lateral cross bite,stenosis in the upper jaw and bite disorderscan be seen. The evaluation of the airwayis an important diagnostic tool for patientswith respiratory disorders, but it is critical forthe treatment of craniofacial anomalies andthe stability of its outcome in patients in thegrowth-developmental period. The diagnosis ofmalocclusions associated with mouth breathingin orthodontic treatment requires an accurateexamination of clinical and radiologicalairway measurements, and the use of airwaymeasurement techniques becomes an importantissue. In this review, it is aimed to examinecontemporary developments on these issues.

Bu vaka raporunun amacı; iskeletsel II vedişsel Sınıf II artmış openbite’a sahip olanerkek hastanın fonksiyonel apareyler iletedavisi yapılan olguyu sunmaktır. Kliniğimize9 yaşında erkek hasta ön dişlerinde aralanmaşikâyeti ile başvurdu. Alınan anamnezdehastanın dil itimi yaptığı öğrenildi. Yapılanklinik ve radyografik değerlendirmedemandibular retrognati kaynaklı iskeletsel sınıfII ve dişsel sınıf II anomali ve artmış openbitebulundu. Tedaviye fonksiyonel aparey olanhızlı üst çene genişletmesi ile başlandı. 6aylık pekiştirme süresinden sonra mandibularretrognatisi ve artmış openbite’ı olduğundanopenbite aktivatör apareyi ile tedavisine devamedildi. 10 aylık aktivatör kullanım sonucumandibuler ilerletme ve sınıf I molar ve kaninilişkisi sağlandı. Sonuç olarak, dişsel sınıf II,artmış openbite olan vakada hızlı üst çenegenişletilmesi ve aktivatör apareyi ile yapılanfonksiyonel tedavi sonucunda dişsel sınıf Iilişkilerle birlikte normal overbite ve overjetesahip iyi bir okluzyon sağlanmıştır., The aim of this case report presents a case of skeletal II and dental Class II treated with functionalappliance in a male patient with increased openbite. A 9-year-old male patient was admitted toour clinic with gaping of anterior teeth. Clinical and radiographic evaluation revealed skeletalclass II and dental class II anomaly and increased openbite due to mandibular retrognathia. Thetreatment was started with rapid maxillary expansion. After the retention period of 6 months, thetreatment was continued with activator appliance to correct mandibular retrognathia. Mandibularadvancement and class I molar and canine relationship were achieved after 10 months of activatoruse. In conclusion, in the case of dental class II, increased overjet, rapid maxillary expansion andfunctional treatment with activator appliance resulted in a good occlusion with normal overbiteand overjet with dental class I relationships.

The aim of this case report is to present the treatment of a female patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion due to maxillary deficiency and negative overjet using a functional appliance. A 12-year 4-month old female patient applied for treatment to our clinic with a chief complaint of the position of her anterior teeth. The radiographic and clinical examinations and evaluations showed skeletal class III anomalies and absence of lateral maxillary incisor bilaterally. Initially, maxillary expansion was provided to mobilize the maxillary sutures and then facemask was worn to improve the sagittal skeletal relation. Fixed orthodontic appliances were placed to align the dentition and Class III elastics were used to establish intercuspation and stability. A case with a skeletal class III malocclusion and negative overjet was treated in 2 years and 2 months in total, and class I canine relationship with normal overjet and good occlusion were achieved.

The aim of this case report; is to present the treatment of a male patient with skeletal Class II, dental Class II division II associated with deep bite by the using of functional appliance through a short period of fixed orthodontic treatment. A 14-year 4-month old male patient applied for treatment in our clinic with a cheef complains of retrognathic mandible. The radiographic and clinical examinations and evaluations showed skeletal class II anomalies. Dental class II division II anomaly with increased over bite had been identified. The orthodontic treatment started with functional appliance as activator. After 8 months mandibular advanced and Class I molar and canine relationship had been achieved. after functional treatment 0.018 slot straight wire Roth brackets applied for both the upper and the lower teeth. After 6 months for both jaws a 0.016 x 0.022 stainless steel wire had been applied. After that the intrusion of the incisive teeth had been achieved by using CIA. In order to achieve a Class I molar and canine relationship, Class II elastics had been used at the end of the treatment. A case with a skeletal class II and Dental class II division II with increased over bite was treated through a 2 years and 8 month of treatment and dental class I relationship with normal overbite and overjet and good occlusion achieved at the end of the treatment.