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Abstract By analyzing e + e − annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb −1 collected at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, the first observation of the semileptonic decays D 0 → K S 0 π − π 0 e + ν e $$ {D}^0\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{-}{\pi}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e $$ and D + → K S 0 π + π − e + ν e $$ {D}^{+}\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{e}^{+}{\nu}_e $$ is reported. In the hypothesis that all events correspond to K 1(1270) decays, the branching fractions are measured to be B D 0 → K 1 1270 − → K S 0 π − π 0 e + ν e = 1.69 − 0.46 + 0.53 ± 0.15 × 10 − 4 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^0\to {K}_1{(1270)}^{-}\left(\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{-}{\pi}^0\right){e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left({1.69}_{-0.46}^{+0.53}\pm 0.15\right)\times {10}^{-4} $$ and B D + → K ¯ 1 1270 0 → K S 0 π + π − e + ν e = 1.47 − 0.40 + 0.45 ± 0.14 × 10 − 4 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^{+}\to {\overline{K}}_1{(1270)}^0\left(\to {K}_S^0{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}\right){e}^{+}{\nu}^e\right)=\left({1.47}_{-0.40}^{+0.45}\pm 0.14\right)\times {10}^{-4} $$ with statistical significance of 5.4σ and 5.6σ, respectively. When combined with measurements of the K 1(1270) → K + π − π decays, the absolute branching fractions are determined to be B D 0 → K 1 1270 − e + ν e = 1.08 − 0.13 − 0.10 + 0.14 + 0.08 ± 0.21 × 10 − 3 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^0\to {K}_1{(1270)}^{-}{e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left({1.08}_{-0.13-0.10}^{+0.14+0.08}\pm 0.21\right)\times {10}^{-3} $$ and B D + → K ¯ 1 1270 0 e + ν e = 1.70 − 0.23 + 0.26 ± 0.13 ± 0.35 × 10 − 3 $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}^{+}\to {\overline{K}}_1{(1270)}^0{e}^{+}{\nu}_e\right)=\left({1.70}_{-0.23}^{+0.26}\pm 0.13\pm 0.35\right)\times {10}^{-3} $$ . The first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively, and the third uncertainties originate from the assumed branching fractions of the K 1(1270) → Kππ decays.

Cell death is of great significance in maintaining tissue homeostasis and bodily functions. With considerable research coming to the fore, it has been found that programmed cell death presents in multiple modalities in the body, which is not only limited to apoptosis, but also can be divided into autophagy, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, entosis, netosis, and other ways. Different forms of programmed cell death have disparate or analogous characteristics with each other, and their occurrence is accompanied by multiple signal transduction and the role of a myriad of regulatory factors. In recent years, scholars across the world have carried out considerable in-depth research on programmed cell death, and new forms of cell death are being discovered continually. Concomitantly, the mechanisms of intricate signaling pathways and regulators have been discovered. More critically, cancer cells tend to choose distinct ways to evade cell death, and different tumors adapt to different manners of death. Therefore, targeting the cell death network has been regarded as an effective tumor treatment strategy for a long time. The objective of our paper is to review the signaling pathways and gene regulation in several typical types of programmed cell death and their correlation with cancer.

Abstract Background Optimal sagittal alignment of the femoral prosthesis is critical to the success of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). While robotic-assisted TKA can improve alignment accuracy, the efficacy of default femoral alignment versus individualized alignment remains under scrutiny. This study aimed to compare the differences in prosthetic alignment, anatomical restoration, and clinical outcomes between individualized femoral sagittal alignment and default sagittal alignment in robotic-assisted TKA. Methods In a prospective randomised controlled trial, 113 patients (120 knees) underwent robotic-assisted TKA were divided into two groups: 61 with individualized femoral flexion (individualized alignment group) and 59 with default 3–5° flexion (default alignment group). The individualized alignment was based on the distal femoral sagittal anteverted angle (DFSAA), defined as the angle between the mechanical and distal anatomical axes of the femur. The radiographic and clinical outcomes were compared. Results Despite similar postoperative femoral flexion angles between groups (P = 0.748), the individualized alignment group exhibited significantly lower incidences of femoral prosthesis extension and higher rates of optimal 0–3° prosthesis flexion (9.8% vs. 27.1%, P = 0.014,78.7% vs. 55.9%, p = 0.008, respectively). The individualized alignment group also demonstrated more favourable changes in sagittal anatomy, with higher maintenance of postoperative anterior femoral offset within 1 mm (54.1% vs. 33.9%, P = 0.026) and posterior condylar offset within 1 mm and 2 mm (44.3% vs. 25.4%, p = 0.031,73.8% vs. 50.8%, p = 0.010, respectively). Although slight improvement in the Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score (HSS) at three months was observed (P = 0.045), it did not reach a minimal clinically important difference. Conclusion Individualized tailoring of femoral sagittal alignment in robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) enhances prosthetic alignment and anatomical restoration, suggesting potential improvements in postoperative outcomes.

To date, computed tomography experiments, carried-out at synchrotron radiation facilities worldwide, pose a tremendous challenge in terms of the breadth and complexity of the experimental datasets produced. Furthermore, near real-time three-dimensional reconstruction capabilities are becoming a crucial requirement in order to perform high-quality and result-informed synchrotron imaging experiments, where a large amount of data is collected and processed within a short time window. To address these challenges, we have developed and deployed a synchrotron computed tomography framework designed to automatically process online the experimental data from the synchrotron imaging beamlines, while leveraging the high-performance computing cluster capabilities to accelerate the real-time feedback to the users on their experimental results. We have, further, integrated it within a modern unified national authentication and data management framework, which we have developed and deployed, spanning the entire data lifecycle of a large-scale scientific facility. In this study, the overall architecture, functional modules and workflow design of our synchrotron computed tomography framework are presented in detail. Moreover, the successful integration of the imaging beamlines at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility into our scientific computing framework is also detailed, which, ultimately, resulted in accelerating and fully automating their entire data processing pipelines. In fact, when compared with the original three-dimensional tomography reconstruction approaches, the implementation of our synchrotron computed tomography framework led to an acceleration in the experimental data processing capabilities, while maintaining a high level of integration with all the beamline processing software and systems.

High-efficiency seawater electrolysis is impeded by the low activity and low durability of oxygen evolution catalysts due to the complex composition and competitive side reactions in seawater. Herein, a heterogeneous-structured catalyst is constructed by depositing NiFe-layered double hydroxides (NiFe-LDH) on the substrate of MXene (V2CTx) modified Ni foam (NF), and abbreviated as NiFe-LDH/V2CTx/NF. As demonstrated, owing to the intrinsic negative charge characteristic of V2CTx, chlorine ions are denied entry to the interface between NiFe-LDH and V2CTx/NF substrate, thus endowing NiFe-LDH/V2CTx/NF catalyst with high corrosion resistance and durable stability for 110 ​h at 500 ​mA ​cm−2. Meanwhile, the two-dimensional structure and high electrical conductivity of V2CTx can respectively enlarge the electrochemical active surface area and guarantee fast charge transfer, thereby synergistically promoting the catalytic performance of NiFe-LDH/V2CTx/NF in both deionized water electrolyte (261 ​mV at 100 ​mA ​cm−2) and simulated seawater electrolyte (241 ​mV at 100 ​mA ​cm−2). This work can guide the preparation of oxygen evolution catalysts and accelerate the industrialization of seawater electrolysis.

Abstract Objective Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), which is associated with high incidence and mortality. AST-120 is an oral carbonaceous adsorbent that can alleviate kidney damage. This study aimed to explore the effects of AST-120 on renal IRI and the molecular mechanism. Methods A renal IRI mouse model was established and administrated AST-120, and differentially expressed genes were screened using RNA sequencing. Renal function and pathology were analyzed in mice. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model was generated, and glycolysis was evaluated by detecting lactate levels and Seahorse analysis. Histone lactylation was analyzed by western blotting, and its relationship with hexokinase 2 (HK2) was assessed using chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results The results showed that HK2 expression was increased after IRI, and AST-120 decreased HK2 expression. Knockout of HK2 attenuated renal IRI and inhibits glycolysis. AST-120 inhibited renal IRI in the presence of HK2 rather than HK2 absence. In proximal tubular cells, knockdown of HK2 suppressed glycolysis and H3K18 lactylation caused by H/R. H3K18 lactylation was enriched in HK2 promoter and upregulated HK2 levels. Rescue experiments revealed that lactate reversed IRI that suppressed by HK2 knockdown. Conclusions In conclusion, AST-120 alleviates renal IRI via suppressing HK2-mediated glycolysis, which suppresses H3K18 lactylation and further reduces HK2 levels. This study proposes a novel mechanism by which AST-120 alleviates IRI.

Effective risk assessment of potential landslide disasters is crucial for informed decision-making in engineering projects. In practical engineering, the risk assessment of individual landslide disasters still relies mainly on qualitative evaluation methods. The qualitative risk level is obtained through the risk matrix based on danger and loss, which poses problems of multiple and discontinuous risk standards. This makes it difficult to compare and classify risks in actual engineering, and may also lead to errors in risk assessment results, misleading risk management. To address these issues, a probability model is employed to quantitatively describe the stability of landslide disasters, considering the size of losses to the element at risk. A quantified risk index for individual landslide disasters is obtained, introducing the concept of landslide disaster risk surface and risk contour. Corresponding evaluation and calculation software are developed to form a quantified risk assessment method for landslide disasters, eliminating the multiplicity and discontinuity of risk standards brought about by traditional landslide risk matrices. The accuracy of the evaluation is improved. By conducting quantitative risk assessment on six individual landslides in Fengjie County, Chongqing, the correctness and reliability of the quantitative risk assessment method were verified, providing a new approach for landslide disaster risk assessment.

Climatic factors are closely associated with the occurrence of vector-borne diseases, and they also influence the distribution of vectors. The occurrence of plague is closely related to the population dynamics of fleas and their host animals, as well as climatic conditions. This study focused on Xilingol League, utilizing climatic and flea index data from 2012 to 2021. Spearman correlation and ''Boruta'' importance analysis were conducted to screen for climatic variables. A generalized additive model (GAM) was employed to investigate the influence of climatic factors and rodent density on the flea index. GAM analysis revealed distinct trends in flea index among different rodent hosts. For Meriones unguiculatus, the flea index declined with increased density and with higher humidity, yet rose with greater lagged sunshine duration. For Spermophilus dauricus, an initial increase in flea index with density was observed, followed by a decrease, and a rise in the index was noted when ground temperatures were low. This study reveals the nonlinear interactions and lag effects among climatic factors, density, and flea index. Climatic factors and density variably influence the flea index of two Yersinia pestis hosts. This research advances the prediction and early warning efforts for plague control, providing a theoretical basis for rodent and flea eradication strategies.

Abstract Background A stent with characteristics of a hybrid design may have advantages in improving the patency of symptomatic iliofemoral vein obstruction. This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of the V-Mixtent Venous Stent in treating symptomatic iliofemoral outflow obstruction. Methods Eligible patients had a Clinical-Etiologic-Anatomic-Physiologic (CEAP) C classification of ≥ 3 or a Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) pain score of ≥ 2. The primary safety endpoint was the rate of major adverse events within 30 days. The primary effectiveness endpoint was the 12-month primary patency rate. Secondary endpoints included changes in VCSS from baseline to 6 and 12 months, alterations in CEAP C classification, Chronic Venous Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire (CIVIQ-14) scores at 12 months, and stent durability measures. Results Between December 2020 and November 2021, 171 patients were enrolled across 15 institutions. A total of 185 endovenous stents were placed, with 91.81% of subjects receiving one stent and 8.19% receiving 2 stents. Within 30 days, only two major adverse events occurred (1.17%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14–4.16%), below the literature-defined performance goal of 11% (P

Abstract Understanding the Li-ions conduction network and transport dynamics in polymer electrolyte is crucial for developing reliable all-solid-state batteries. In this work, advanced nano- X-ray computed tomography combined with Raman spectroscopy and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance are used to multi-scale qualitatively and quantitatively reveal ion conduction network of poly(ethylene) oxide (PEO)-based electrolyte (from atomic, nano to macroscopic level). With the clear mapping of the microstructural heterogeneities of the polymer segments, aluminium-oxo molecular clusters (AlOC) are used to reconstruct a high-efficient conducting network with high available Li-ions (76.7%) and continuous amorphous domains via the strong supramolecular interactions. Such superionic PEO conductor (PEO-LiTFSI-AlOC) exhibites a molten-like Li-ion conduction behaviour among the whole temperature range and delivers an ionic conductivity of 1.87 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 35 °Ϲ. This further endows Li electrochemical plating/stripping stability under 50 μA cm−2 and 50 μAh cm−2 over 2000 h. The as-built Li|PEO-LiTFSI-AlOC|LiFePO4 full batteries show a high rate performance and a capacity retention more than 90% over 200 cycling at 250 μA cm−2, even enabling a high-loading LiFePO4 cathode of 16.8 mg cm−2 with a specific capacity of 150 mAh g−1 at 50 °Ϲ.

The impact of steaming time on the lipid oxidation and flavor of sturgeon dorsal meat were investigated. The study characterized the degree of lipid oxidation using peroxide value, acid value, malondialdehyde, and conjugated dienes. The effects of changes in fatty acid on volatile compounds and nutritional quality were examined and lipid profile was identified in a non-targeted metabolomics approach. Finally, an oxidation model was established to explore the specific effects of phospholipids on flavor formation. Results showed that the steaming sturgeon dorsal meat for 16 minutes resulted in moderate levels of lipid oxidation, which was conducive to the formation of characteristic flavors and high nutritional value due to the presence of abundant unsaturated fatty acids. The main unsaturated fatty acids found in association with phospholipids were linoleic acid (C18:2), docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6), oleic acid (C18:1), and arachidonic acid (C20:4), while the phospholipids were the primary precursors of volatile flavor compounds. Simulation of steaming conditions showed that the oxidation of phospholipids produced a large amount of pyrazine and furan compounds, providing roasted aromas for sturgeon dorsal meat steamed. In conclusion, moderate levels of lipid oxidation were beneficial for enhancing the flavor and nutritional quality of steamed sturgeon dorsal meat, and phospholipid oxidation had a significant impact on the formation of flavor. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the flavor of sturgeon meat.

Abstract With a sample of (10087 ± 44) × 106 J/ψ events accumulated with the BESIII detector, we analyze the decays η′ → π + π − l + l − (l = e, μ) via the process J/ψ → γη′. The branching fractions are measured to be B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (η′ → π + π − e + e − ) = (2.45 ± 0.02(stat.) ± 0.08(syst.)) × 10 −3 and B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (η′ → π + π − μ + μ − ) = (2.16 ± 0.12(stat.) ± 0.06(syst.)) × 10 −5, and the ratio is B η ′ → π + π − e + e − B η ′ → π + π − μ + μ − = 113.4 ± 0.9 stat . ± 3.7 syst . $$ \frac{\mathcal{B}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{e}^{+}{e}^{-}\right)}{\mathcal{B}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-}\right)}=113.4\pm 0.9\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)\pm 3.7\left(\textrm{syst}.\right) $$ . In addition, by combining the η′ → π + π − e + e − and η′ → π + π − μ + μ − decays, the slope parameter of the electromagnetic transition form factor is measured to be b η′ = 1.30 ± 0.19 (GeV/c 2) −2, which is consistent with previous measurements from BESIII and theoretical predictions from the VMD model. The asymmetry in the angle between the π + π − and l + l − decay planes, which has the potential to reveal the CP-violation originating from an unconventional electric dipole transition, is also investigated. The asymmetry parameters are determined to be A CP η ′ → π + π − e + e − = − 0.21 ± 0.73 stat . ± 0.01 syst . % $$ {\mathcal{A}}_{CP}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{e}^{+}{e}^{-}\right)=\left(-0.21\pm 0.73\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)\pm 0.01\left(\textrm{syst}.\right)\right)\% $$ and A CP η ′ → π + π − μ + μ − = 0.62 ± 4.71 stat . ± 0.08 syst . % $$ {\mathcal{A}}_{CP}\left({\eta}^{\prime}\to {\pi}^{+}{\pi}^{-}{\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-}\right)=\left(0.62\pm 4.71\left(\textrm{stat}.\right)\pm 0.08\left(\textrm{syst}.\right)\right)\% $$ , implying that no evidence of CP-violation is observed at the present statistics. Finally, an axion-like particle is searched for via the decay η′ → π + π − a, a → e + e − , and upper limits of the branching fractions are presented for the mass assumptions of the axion-like particle in the range of 0 − 500 MeV/c 2.

Abstract We measured the Born cross sections for the process e + e − → ωη′ at 22 center-of-mass energies from 2.000 to 3.080 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We observed a resonant structure with a statistical significance of 9.6σ. A Breit-Wigner fit determines its mass to be M R = (2153 ± 30 ± 31) MeV/c 2 and its width to be Γ R = (167 ± 77 ± 7) MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.

Abstract Using e + e − collision data collected at the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.128 and 4.226 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 7.33 fb −1, we determine the absolute branching fractions of fifteen hadronic D s + $$ {D}_s^{+} $$ decays with a double-tag technique. In particular, we make precise measurements of the branching fractions B D s + → K + K − π + = 5.49 ± 0.04 ± 0.07 % $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}_s^{+}\to {K}^{+}{K}^{-}{\pi}^{+}\right)=\left(5.49\pm 0.04\pm 0.07\right)\% $$ , B D s + → K S 0 K + = 1.50 ± 0.01 ± 0.01 % $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}_s^{+}\to {K}_S^0{K}^{+}\right)=\left(1.50\pm 0.01\pm 0.01\right)\% $$ and B D s + → K + K − π + π 0 = 5.50 ± 0.05 ± 0.11 % $$ \mathcal{B}\left({D}_s^{+}\to {K}^{+}{K}^{-}{\pi}^{+}{\pi}^0\right)=\left(5.50\pm 0.05\pm 0.11\right)\% $$ , where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The CP asymmetries in these decays are also measured and all are found to be compatible with zero.

Abstract Using 24.1 fb −1 of e + e − collision data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the Born cross sections and effective form factors of the e + e − → Σ + Σ ¯ − $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Sigma}^{+}{\overline{\Sigma}}^{-} $$ reaction are measured. The measurements are performed at center-of-mass energies ranging from 3.510 to 4.951 GeV. No significant evidence for the decay of the charmonium(-like) states, ψ(3770), ψ(4040), ψ(4160), Y(4230), Y(4360), ψ(4415), and Y(4660), into a Σ + Σ ¯ − $$ {\Sigma}^{+}{\overline{\Sigma}}^{-} $$ final state is observed. Consequently, upper limits for the products of the branching fractions and the electronic partial widths at the 90% confidence level are reported for these decays.

Abstract The current situation of aging in China is unprecedentedly severe. Polices responding to the issues about aging are tracked by the media. This study investigates the living conditions of elders portrayed in a Chinese economic newspaper, the Economic Daily, through a metaphor analysis of 309 news reports pertaining to their living conditions. The analysis is positioned within the framework of rhetorical criticism, which allows the rhetorical motive hidden behind metaphors to be discovered. Three major metaphors—metaphor of net, metaphor of building, and metaphor of chasm are found and analyzed. Most notably, two keywords—“chasm” and “net” are suggested to explain the metaphor choices of journalists and to offer insights into elders’ living conditions in China. This study finds that the chasm encompassing both the invisible gap and the obstacles confronted by Chinese elders calls for the safeguarding of a protective net. However, in the construction of the net, elders’ subjectivity is often compromised and marginalized.

Introduction: Sepsis and septic shock are significant contributors to the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients. This study aimed to elucidate the role and mechanism of microRNA-223-3p in sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI). Methods: Bioinformatics methods were used to analyze the expression of microRNA-223-3p in sepsis patients, its correlation with inflammatory cytokines, and to predict the binding site of microRNA-223-3p with SGK1. The binding relationship between microRNA-223-3p and SGK1 was validated using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression of microRNA-223-3p was assayed using qPCR in patient serum or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated HK-2 cells. Cell apoptosis; expression of Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3; and levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were measured using TUNEL assay, Western blot (WB), and ELISA, respectively. SGK1 expression of HK-2 cells with different treatments was detected using qPCR and WB. Results: The expression of microRNA-223-3p was found to be upregulated in sepsis patients and HK-2 cells treated with LPS. Furthermore, microRNA-223-3p promoted apoptosis and inflammation in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. This promotion was mediated by the negative regulation of SGK1 by microRNA-223-3p. Conclusion: The microRNA-223-3p was found to regulate SGK1 and promote apoptosis and inflammation in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. Our study has elucidated the mechanism of microRNA-223-3p in SA-AKI, providing a potential target for sepsis treatment.

Abstract Background Numerous meta-analyses and clinical studies have shown that subtypes of immune cells are associated with the development of skin cancer, but it is not clear whether this association is causal or biased. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis reduces the effect of confounding factors and improves the accuracy of the results when compared to traditional studies. Thus, in order to examine the causal relationship between various immune cell and skin cancer, this study employs two-sample MR. Methods This study assesses the causal association between 731 immune cell characteristics and skin cancer using a two-sample Mendel randomization (MR) methodology. Multiple MR methods were used to bias and to derive reliable estimates of causality between instrumental variables and outcomes. Comprehensive sensitivity analyses were used to validate the stability, heterogeneity and horizontal multiplicity of the results. Results We discovered that potential causal relationships between different types of immune cells and skin cancer disease. Specifically, one type of immune cell as potentially causal to malignant melanoma of skin (MM), eight different types of immune cells as potentially causal to basal cell carcinoma (BCC), four different types of immune cells as potentially causal to actinic keratosis (AK), and no different types of immune cells were found to have a potential causal association with squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), with stability in all of the results. Conclusion This study demonstrates the close connection between immune cells and skin cancer disease by genetic means, which enriches the current knowledge about the role of immune cells in skin cancer and also contributes to the design of therapeutic strategies from an immunological perspective.

Abstract Objectives The geographical environment and military activities in the plateau area pose potential work-related stressors for military personnel, leading to burnout which is an external manifestation of internal energy exhaustion caused by stress. Without countermeasures, this can result in serious military problems. This study aims to examine the association between burnout and occupational stressors among military personnel stationed in the plateau area of China. Material and methods A stratified randomized cluster sampling survey was conducted among 2026 military personnel from 6 different troops stationed in the plateau area of China. The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS in Chinese) was administered from March 2022 to December 2023, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results A total of 2026 military personnel participated in the survey. The mean overall burnout score was 3.37 ± 0.73, with emotional exhaustion at 2.69 ± 0.89, depersonalization at 3.58 ± 0.92, and professional achievement at 3.81 ± 0.85 levels respectively reported by participants on average scale scores ranging from zero to six. Severe level of burnout was reported by 43.2% of participants while medium level of burnout was reported by 54 .3%. Age, education level, length of military service, and household income were identified as important factors influencing burnout. Conclusion This study highlights a relatively high prevalence of burnout among military personnel stationed in plateau areas necessitating attention towards their occupational health particularly focusing on working hours and economic aspects so as to formulate effective policies and implement intervention measures that strengthen career development for soldiers deployed in such regions.

Abstract Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with the worst prognosis. Radiotherapy (RT) is one of the core modalities for the disease; however, the ionizing radiation of RT has severe side effects. The consistent development direction of RT is to achieve better therapeutic effect with lower radiation dose. Studies have demonstrated that synergistic effects can be achieved by combining RT with non-ionizing radiation therapies such as light and magnetic therapy, thereby achieving the goal of dose reduction and efficacy enhancement. Methods In this study, we applied FeCo NPs with magneto thermal function and phototherapeutic agent IR-780 to construct an ionizing and non-ionizing radiation synergistic nanoparticle (INS NPs). INS NPs are first subjected to morphology, size, colloidal stability, loading capacity, and photothermal conversion tests. Subsequently, the cell inhibitory and cellular internalization were evaluated using cell lines in vitro. Following comprehensive assessment of the NPs’ in vivo biocompatibility, tumor-bearing mouse model was established to evaluate their distribution, targeted delivery, and anti-tumor effects in vivo. Results INS NPs have a saturation magnetization exceeding 72 emu/g, a hydrodynamic particle size of approximately 40 nm, a negatively charged surface, and good colloidal stability and encapsulation properties. INS NPs maintain the spectral characteristics of IR-780 at 808 nm. Under laser irradiation, the maximum temperature was 92 °C, INS NPs also achieved the effective heat temperature in vivo. Both in vivo and in vitro tests have proven that INS NPs have good biocompatibility. INS NPs remained effective for more than a week after one injection in vivo, and can also be guided and accumulated in tumors through permanent magnets. Later, the results exhibited that under low-dose RT and laser irradiation, the combined intervention group showed significant synergetic effects, and the ROS production rate was much higher than that of the RT and phototherapy-treated groups. In the mice model, 60% of the tumors were completely eradicated. Conclusions INS NPs effectively overcome many shortcomings of RT for TNBC and provide experimental basis for the development of novel clinical treatment methods for TNBC.

Abstract Background Fatty liver in dairy cows is a common metabolic disease defined by triglyceride (TG) buildup in the hepatocyte. Clinical diagnosis of fatty liver is usually done by liver biopsy, causing considerable economic losses in the dairy industry owing to the lack of more effective diagnostic methods. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential utility of blood biomarkers for the diagnosis and early warning of fatty liver in dairy cows. Results A total of twenty-four lactating cows within 28 days after parturition were randomly selected as experimental animals and divided into healthy cows (liver biopsy tested, n = 12) and cows with fatty liver (liver biopsy tested, n = 12). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the macroelements and microelements in the serum of two groups of cows. Compared to healthy cows (C), concentrations of calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), strontium (Sr), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), boron (B) and molybdenum (Mo) were lower and copper (Cu) was higher in fatty liver cows (F). Meanwhile, the observed differences in macroelements and microelements were related to delivery time, with the greatest major disparity between C and F occurring 7 days after delivery. Multivariable analysis was used to test the correlation between nine serum macroelements, microelements and fatty liver. Based on variable importance projection and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, minerals Ca, Se, K, B and Mo were screened as the best diagnostic indicators of fatty liver in postpartum cows. Conclusions Our data suggested that serum levels of Ca, K, Mg, Se, B, Mo, Mn, and Sr were lower in F than in C. The most suitable period for an early-warning identification of fatty liver in cows was 7 days after delivery, and Ca, Se, K, B and Mo were the best diagnostic indicators of fatty liver in postpartum cows.

Facile and rapid 3D fabrication of strong, bioactive materials can address challenges that impede repair of large-to-massive rotator cuff tears including personalized grafts, limited mechanical support, and inadequate tissue regeneration. Herein, we developed a facile and rapid methodology that generates visible light-crosslinkable polythiourethane (PHT) pre-polymer resin (∼30 min at room temperature), yielding 3D-printable scaffolds with tendon-like mechanical attributes capable of delivering tenogenic bioactive factors. Ex vivo characterization confirmed successful fabrication, robust human supraspinatus tendon (SST)-like tensile properties (strength: 23 MPa, modulus: 459 MPa, at least 10,000 physiological loading cycles without failure), excellent suture retention (8.62-fold lower than acellular dermal matrix (ADM)-based clinical graft), slow degradation, and controlled release of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3). In vitro studies showed cytocompatibility and growth factor-mediated tenogenic-like differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In vivo studies demonstrated biocompatibility (3-week mouse subcutaneous implantation) and ability of growth factor-containing scaffolds to notably regenerate at least 1-cm of tendon with native-like biomechanical attributes as uninjured shoulder (8-week, large-to-massive 1-cm gap rabbit rotator cuff injury). This study demonstrates use of a 3D-printable, strong, and bioactive material to provide mechanical support and pro-regenerative cues for challenging injuries such as large-to-massive rotator cuff tears.

Abstract Background Annual epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) had consistent timing and intensity between seasons prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (COVID-19). However, starting in April 2020, RSV seasonal activity declined due to COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) before re-emerging after relaxation of NPIs. We described the unusual patterns of RSV epidemics that occurred in multiple subsequent waves following COVID-19 in different countries and explored factors associated with these patterns. Methods Weekly cases of RSV from twenty-eight countries were obtained from the World Health Organisation and combined with data on country-level characteristics and the stringency of the COVID-19 response. Dynamic time warping and regression were used to cluster time series patterns and describe epidemic characteristics before and after COVID-19 pandemic, and identify related factors. Results While the first wave of RSV epidemics following pandemic suppression exhibited unusual patterns, the second and third waves more closely resembled typical RSV patterns in many countries. Post-pandemic RSV patterns differed in their intensity and/or timing, with several broad patterns across the countries. The onset and peak timings of the first and second waves of RSV epidemics following COVID-19 suppression were earlier in the Southern than Northern Hemisphere. The second wave of RSV epidemics was also earlier with higher population density, and delayed if the intensity of the first wave was higher. More stringent NPIs were associated with lower RSV growth rate and intensity and a shorter gap between the first and second waves. Conclusion Patterns of RSV activity have largely returned to normal following successive waves in the post-pandemic era. Onset and peak timings of future epidemics following disruption of normal RSV dynamics need close monitoring to inform the delivery of preventive and control measures.

Abstract China’s long-term sustainability faces socioeconomic and environmental uncertainties. We identify five key systemic risk drivers, called disruptors, which could push China into a polycrisis: pandemic disease, ageing and shrinking population, deglobalization, climate change, and biodiversity loss. Using an integrated simulation model, we quantify the effects of these disruptors on the country’s long-term sustainability framed by 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Here we show that ageing and shrinking population, and climate change would be the two most influential disruptors on China’s long-term sustainability. The compound effects of all disruptors could result in up to 2.1 and 7.0 points decline in the China’s SDG score by 2030 and 2050, compared to the baseline with no disruptors and no additional sustainability policies. However, an integrated policy portfolio involving investment in education, healthcare, energy transition, water-use efficiency, ecological conservation and restoration could promote resilience against the compound effects and significantly improve China’s long-term sustainability.

Abstract Background Surgery in geriatric patients often poses risk of major postoperative complications. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication following noncardiac surgery and is associated with increased mortality. Early identification of geriatric patients at high risk of AKI could facilitate preventive measures and improve patient prognosis. This study used machine learning methods to identify important features and predict AKI following noncardiac surgery in geriatric patients. Methods The data for this study were obtained from a prospective cohort. Patients aged ≥ 65 years who received noncardiac surgery from June 2019 to December 2021 were enrolled. Data were split into training set (from June 2019 to March 2021) and internal validation set (from April 2021 to December 2021) by time. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regularization algorithm and the random forest recursive feature elimination algorithm (RF-RFE) were used to screen important predictors. Models were trained through extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), random forest, and LASSO. The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) package was used to interpret the machine learning model. Results The training set included 6753 geriatric patients. Of these, 250 (3.70%) patients developed AKI. The XGBoost model with RF-RFE selected features outperformed other models with an area under the precision-recall curve (AUPRC) of 0.505 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.369–0.626) and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.806 (95%CI: 0.733–0.875). The model incorporated ten predictors, including operation site and hypertension. The internal validation set included 3808 geriatric patients, and 96 (2.52%) patients developed AKI. The model maintained good predictive performance with an AUPRC of 0.431 (95%CI: 0.331–0.524) and an AUROC of 0.845 (95%CI: 0.796–0.888) in the internal validation. Conclusions This study developed a simple machine learning model and a web calculator for predicting AKI following noncardiac surgery in geriatric patients. This model may be a valuable tool for guiding preventive measures and improving patient prognosis. Trial registration The protocol of this study was approved by the Committee of Ethics from West China Hospital of Sichuan University (2019–473) with a waiver of informed consent and registered at www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1900025160, 15/08/2019).

Abstract Background Hypoxia-activated prodrugs present new opportunities for safe and effective tumor drug resistance therapy due to their high selectivity for hypoxic cells. However, the uneven distribution of oxygen in solid tumor and insufficient hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment greatly limit its therapeutic efficacy. Results In this paper, a novel AQ4N-Mn(II)@PDA coordination nanoplatform was designed and functionalized with GMBP1 to target drug-resistant tumor cells. Its excellent photothermal conversion efficiency could achieve local high-temperature photothermal therapy in tumors, which could not only effectively exacerbate tumor hypoxia and thus improve the efficacy of hypoxia-activated chemotherapy of AQ4N but also significantly accelerate Mn2+-mediated Fenton-like activity to enhance chemodynamic therapy. Moreover, real-time monitoring of blood oxygen saturation through photoacoustic imaging could reflect the hypoxic status of tumors during treatment. Furthermore, synergistic treatment effectively inhibited tumor growth and improved the survival rate of mice bearing orthotopic drug-resistant tumors. Conclusions This study not only provided a new idea for PTT combined with hypoxia-activated chemotherapy and CDT for drug-resistant tumors but also explored a vital theory for real-time monitoring of hypoxia during treatment.

Henan encountered a multi-stage severe convective weather event (hereinafter referred to as "6.13" event) accompanied by local tornado on 13 June 2022. Using conventional observation data, regional automatic weather station data, satellite cloud images, Doppler weather radar data, ERA5 reanalysis data and other relevant data, we conducted an analysis on atmospheric circulation environment and the evolution characteristics of mesoscale systems for the "6.13" event. In addition, we discussed the initiation and maintenance mechanisms of convection in the different periods of this event and the radar characteristics of the local tornado in Puyang of Henan. Results are as follows. (1) The "6.13" event occurs under the northwest airflow behind the northeast cold vortex trough, and it is characterized by wide impact range, long duration and multiple types of disaster weather. (2) Radar detection results show that the severe convective systems in the "6.13" event passed through Henan in three periods one after another, and strong echoes in each period lasts for 8-9 hours, with the moving speed of 30-50 km·h-1. Most of the severe convective systems are multi-cells that all moved from northwest to southeast, with some of their areas overlapping under the guidance of northwest airflow. (3) Maintenance of the strong conditional instability and the moderate to strong vertical wind shear over Henan is an important cause for multi-stage severe convective weather in the "6.13" event lasting for a long time. The first period of local severe convection in Henan is mainly triggered by the convergence line or convergence center in the boundary layer formed by the combined effect of daily changes of wind field, local cold air activity, topographic distribution, while the second and third periods of severe convection are triggered by the gust front or outflow boundary accompanied by the surface mesoscale thunderstorm high formed by the strong developing convection systems in the surrounding area in the previous period or the same period. (4) The local tornado in Puyang is generated by a rapidly developing supercell storm. The hook echo and mesoscale cyclonic vortex appear 12 minutes after this supercell storm, and the tornado vortex characteristics (TVS) appear 18 minutes later. The hook echo and mesoscale cyclonic vortex are 6 minutes ahead of the occurrence of tornado, which can provide a reference information for early warning local tornadoes.

In order to investigate the effects of fermented oyster enzymatic hydrolysates on the quality of oyster juice, this study firstly identified oyster species suitable for the processing of oyster juice and established an exclusive sensory descriptive library for oyster juice. And then, through single-factor experimental analysis based on sensory scores and amino acid nitrogen content, the optimal fermentation conditions were determined. The free amino acids, volatile flavor components, and sensory properties were compared between unfermented oyster hydrolysates, fermented oyster hydrolysates, and seasoning fermented oyster hydrolysates. The results showed that Rushan oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were selected for oyster juice processing and an exclusive sensory descriptive library was developed. Lactiplantibacillus pentosus was vaccinate as the fermenting agent. Optimum fermentation condition was at 37 ℃ with the inoculum of 7% for 3 h. Under the optimized conditions, both the amino nitrogen content and flavor were significantly improved. The optimal flavoring conditions for the fermented oyster hydrolysates involved high temperature and pressure treatment (100 kPa, 121 ℃, 20 min) with 8% glucose addition and 2% salt addition, followed by volume concentration to 50% of the original. These conditions resulted in further enhancement of amino nitrogen content with the content of 1.06±0.03 g/100 g and aroma. Additionally, fermentation led to a significant increase (P

Abstract A method that combines phase‐sensitive optical time domain reflectometry with deep learning to construct new voting fully convolution neural networks (VoteFCNs) is proposed. Compared to the traditional convolutional network, the VoteFCN can be input with data of random size and requires less parameters so that the training speed can be improved greatly. The recognition results can be more accurate and more reliable if we use classification voting count and average recognition rate as the criteria to judge network training quality. At last, the training and identification were conducted by simulating such several disturbance events: walking, raining, climbing fence, hammering the ground optical fibre and normal outdoor environments. The results show that the average test accuracy of this method is about 93.4%.

Strong-textural Mg-RE alloy exhibits creep asymmetry at 200°C, with a much higher creep resistance in compression than in tension, albeit a higher yield strength in tension than in compression. Creep asymmetry is ascribed to the non-Schmid effects of pyramidal slip, which enables a higher friction in compression and thus induces a lower mobility of pyramidal slip in compression than in tension. Additionally, the dissociation of dislocations into sessile structures in compression is more frequent than in tension, which contributes to the hardening response and thus lowers the compressive creep rate.

Abstract Background Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants (CMPs) hold a significant and core status for the healthcare system and cultural heritage in China. It has been practiced and refined with a history of exceeding thousands of years for health-protective affection and clinical treatment in China. It plays an indispensable role in the traditional health landscape and modern medical care. It is important to accurately identify CMPs for avoiding the affected clinical safety and medication efficacy by the different processed conditions and cultivation environment confusion. Results In this study, we utilize a self-developed device to obtain high-resolution data. Furthermore, we constructed a visual multi-varieties CMPs image dataset. Firstly, a random local data enhancement preprocessing method is proposed to enrich the feature representation for imbalanced data by random cropping and random shadowing. Then, a novel hybrid supervised pre-training network is proposed to expand the integration of global features within Masked Autoencoders (MAE) by incorporating a parallel classification branch. It can effectively enhance the feature capture capabilities by integrating global features and local details. Besides, the newly designed losses are proposed to strengthen the training efficiency and improve the learning capacity, based on reconstruction loss and classification loss. Conclusions Extensive experiments are performed on our dataset as well as the public dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves the best performance among the state-of-the-art methods, highlighting the advantages of efficient implementation of plant technology and having good prospects for real-world applications.

Abstract Saturation characteristics of water and capillary pressure are important for hydrofracturing or water flooding, which is widely adopted in dust suppression, methane displacement, and gas and coal outburst elimination. In this paper, we have studied the water saturation characteristics of coal samples with different coal ranks and their effect on capillary pressure. It was found that the isothermal adsorption of water vapor from coal samples can be divided into three processes: monolayer adsorption, multilayer adsorption, and capillary condensation. The dent isothermal adsorption model can well describe water vapor adsorption of coal samples, indicating water molecules were first adsorbed on the first‐order adsorption site of pore surfaces at low relative humidity and then on the second‐order adsorption site with increasing relative humidity. An obvious hysteresis occurred in the process of water imbibition and drainage. A capillary pressure of ~325 MPa or even larger was required to displace the water from the coal. Besides, micro‐ and mesopores play a more important role in capillary pressure. The capillary pressure of coal samples was positively correlated with wettability at lower water saturation, but it is not significant at higher capillary pressures. Therefore, the article's results provide a new direction for solving the water‐locking effect in coal seams.

Abstract Purpose To explore the mediating effect of hope in the relationships between social support and self-esteem with psychological resilience among patients with stroke survivors in early rehabilitation. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Data from a cross-sectional survey of 210 patients undergoing early stroke rehabilitation were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The variables of interest were measured using the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Herth Hope Index, and the Self-Esteem Scale. This article reports according to the STROBE checklist. Results A positive relationship was found between social support and psychological resilience (β 1 = 0.548), which was mediated by hope (β 2 = 0.114), and social support had significant direct effect on resilience (β 3 = 0.434). A positive relationship was also found between self-esteem and psychological resilience (β 4 = 0.380), which was mediated by hope (β 5 = 0.200), and self-esteem had significant direct effect on resilience (β 6 = 0.179). Conclusion According to the results of this study, some strategies can be incorporated into the rehabilitation process to enhance psychological resilience, such as cultivating individual personality characteristics and improving patients’ social relationships. In the future, we need to explore methods for improving psychological resilience among patients with stroke in combination with their risk factors to improve their quality of life and reduce the incidence of post-stroke depression.

Background: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have inhibitory control deficits. The combination of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and inhibitory control training produces good transfer effects and improves neuroplasticity. However, no studies have explored whether applying tDCS over the dlPFC improves inhibitory control and produces transfer effects in children with ASD. Objective: To explore whether multisession tDCS could enhance inhibitory control training (response inhibition), near-transfer (interference control) and far-transfer effects (sustained attention; stability of attention) in children with ASD and the generalizability of training effects in daily life and the class, as reflected by behavioral performance and neural activity measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: Twenty-eight autistic children were randomly assigned to either the true or sham tDCS group. The experimental group received bifrontal tDCS stimulation at 1.5 mA, administered for 15 min daily across eight consecutive days. tDCS was delivered during a computerized Go/No-go training task. Behavioral performance in terms of inhibitory control (Dog/Monkey and Day/Night Stroop tasks), sustained attention (Continuous Performance and Cancellation tests), prefrontal cortex (PFC) neural activity and inhibitory control and sustained attention in the class and at home were evaluated. Results: Training (response inhibition) and transfer effects (interference control; sustained attention) were significantly greater after receiving tDCS during the Go/No-go training task than after receiving sham tDCS. Changes in oxyhemoglobin (HbO) concentrations in the dlPFC and FPA associated with consistent conditions in the Day/Night Stroop and Continuous Performance test were observed after applying tDCS during the inhibitory control training task. Notably, transfer effects can be generalized to classroom environments. Conclusion: Inhibitory control training combined with tDCS may be a promising, safe, and effective method for improving inhibitory control and sustained attention in children with ASD.

To investigate the quality characteristics of different varieties of blueberry, the quality differences on appearance, physicochemical properties, and sugar and acid composition were analyzed. At the same time, correlation analysis was employed to analyze the correlation of different indexes and principal component analysis was employed to evaluate the quality characteristics of 9 varieties of blueberry. The results showed that different varieties of blueberry exhibited rich diversity in appearance, physicochemical properties, and sugar and acid composition. There was a high correlation between multiple indicators such as glucose and fructose (r=0.93), FRAP and DPPH (r=0.755). PCA results indicated that citric acid, pH, b*, total phenol, DPPH, flavonoid and juice yield were key indicators for evaluating the quality of blueberry, and the quality characteristics of 'Canlan', 'Laigexi' and 'Shuangfeng' were excellent fruit shape index (>0.73), good solid to acid ratio of 6.12~9.57 and suitable for fresh consumption. The quality characteristics of 'Baerdewen', 'Duke' and 'Weisan' included the high in sugar, acid and antioxidant capacity, suitable for juice and wine and other products development. The flavonoid contents of 'Weisan' and 'Duke' were 1.95 and 1.62 mg/g, and the total phenol contents were 1.34 and 1.38 mg/g, respectively. The quality characteristics of 'Weisan' and 'Duke' were high content of total phenol and flavonoid, suitable for functional product development. The results above will serve an important reference to screen blueberry varieties for different purposes.

This study investigated the impact of ice temperature storage on quality and bacterial composition of processed fish paste products (PFP). Freezing curve revealed the ice temperature was −1 °C. Electric nose (e-nose) showed significant changes in volatile components within 8 days. Results of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) showed that PFP stored at 4 °C reached its limit after 2 days, whereas PFP stored at ice temperature remained stable for 6 days. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) demonstrated delayed oxidation in PFP stored at ice temperature compared to 4 °C. TCA-soluble peptides indicated that the protein degradation was suppressed by ice temperature. Additionally, ice temperature inhibited microbial growth and altered bacterial composition. High-throughput sequencing revealed that Pseudomonas, Brochothrix, Carnobacterium were dominant at 4 °C, while Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Janthinobacterium and Brochothrix were dominant at ice temperature. In summary, ice temperature might be a potential method for maintaining the freshness of PFP.

ZIF-67 nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple method at room temperature and used to remove chlortetracycline hydrochloride (CTC) and doxycycline hydrochloride (DOX) from water. ZIF-67 was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetry (TGA) and zeta potential analyzer. The morphology and chemical composition of the synthesized ZIF-67 were characterized. The effects of key parameters such as pH, dosage, temperature, contact time, different initial concentrations and coexisting ions on the adsorption behavior were systematically studied. The results of batch adsorption experiments indicate that the adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Sips model. At 303K, the removal rates of CTC and DOX at 150 mg/L reached 99.16 % and 97.61 %, and the maximum adsorption capacity of CTC and DOX reached 1411.68 and 1073.28 mg/g, respectively. At the same time, ZIF-67 has excellent stability and reusability. Most importantly, the possible adsorption mechanism is proposed by exploring the changes of SEM, TEM, BET and FT-IR characterization results before and after the reaction, which mainly includes pore filling, electrostatic interaction and π-π interaction. The prepared ZIF-67 has a large specific surface area (1495.967 m2 g−1), achieves a high removal rate within a short time frame, and maintains a high removal rate across a wide pH range. These characteristics make ZIF-67 a potentially promising adsorbent for removing antibiotics from aqueous solutions.

ObjectiveVulvar carcinoma exhibits a robust correlation alongside HPV infection; however, the impact of HPV rank on the prognostic outcomes of radiation therapy within vulvar malignancies stays ambiguous. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive examination as well as meta-analysis to assess the influence of infection with HPV upon the long-term outlook as well as sensitivity of individuals with vulvar cancer undergoing radiation therapy.MethodsA meticulous examination of the existing research was conducted in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A thorough search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, as well as Cochrane Library databases, covering the entire available literature till April 1, 2023. The studies that met the inclusion criteria contained data about HPV infection and oncological outcomes in patients with vulvar cancer who received radiation therapy. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023417957).ResultsWe identified 12 retrospective studies meeting our inclusion criteria, which included a total of 3967 patients. Patients with HPV-associated vulvar cancer achieved a better overall survival rate after radiotherapy (HR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.54-0.93, P=0.01), and showed a significant improvement in disease-free survival (HR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.58-0.97, P=0.09) and progression-free survival (HR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.22-0.45, P,

The five-year survival rate for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is only 20 %, highlighting the urgent need to identify new therapeutic targets and develop potential therapeutic options to improve patient prognosis. One promising approach is inhibiting autophagy as a strategy for HCC treatment. In this study, we established a virtual docking conformation of the autophagy promoter ULK1 binding XST-14 derivatives. Based on this conformation, we designed and synthesized four series of derivatives. By evaluating their affinity and anti-HCC effects, we confirmed that these compounds exert anti-HCC activity by inhibiting ULK1. The structure-activity relationship was summarized, with derivative A4 showing 10 times higher activity than XST-14 and superior efficacy to sorafenib against HCC. A4 has excellent effect on reducing tumor growth and enhancing sorafenib activity in HepG2 and HCCLM3 cells. Moreover, we verified the therapeutic effect of A4 in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells both in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that inhibiting ULK1 to regulate autophagy may become a new treatment method for HCC and that A4 will be used as a lead drug for HCC in further research. Overall, A4 shows good drug safety and efficacy, offering hope for prolonging the survival of HCC patients.

This paper aims to explore the effects of earthquakes on the properties of medium-height reinforced concrete houses in China. The results demonstrated a significant decrease in ultrasonic resonance frequency, indicating structural damage, with reductions of 26.5 %, 30.2 %, and 37 % observed for earthquakes of magnitudes 5.0, 5.3, and 5.7, respectively. Similarly, the dynamic modulus of elasticity exhibited a reduction of over 50 %. Measurements of carbonation depth revealed values of 34.65 mm, 38.97 mm, and 46.12 mm for earthquakes of magnitudes 5.0, 5.3, and 5.7, respectively. Accordingly, the percentage of mass loss amounted to 22.17 %, 36.87 %, and 49.78 %. Furthermore, experiments identified the least favourable outcomes during maximum seismic activity, with a recorded peak stress of 447.3 MPa at a deformation of 0.63 mm. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the impact of seismic events on reinforced concrete structures and the associated corrosion mechanisms.

Due to the presence of brush and slip ring in the excitation method of electrically excited synchronous motors, this article proposes a new excitation method - non-contact excitation system. This method transfers electrical energy from the stator to the rotor through magnetic coupling, replacing slip ring and brush. However, the magnetic coupling coils at the primary and secondary ends of the system will deviate, which will affect motor operation quality. In order to effectively reduce the changes caused by mutual inductance, this article proposes an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm for mutual inductance identification. This improved algorithm can effectively reduce the shortcomings of low accuracy and easy to fall into local optima in particle swarm optimization. Simulation and experimental results show that the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm can improve search accuracy.

BackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent metabolic disorder strongly linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Understanding the predictive value of lipid parameters in identifying abnormal glucose metabolism in NAFLD patients is crucial for early intervention.MethodsThis study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES) database (2017-2020) involving 1066 NAFLD patients. Participants were categorized into three groups: T2DM (n=414), prediabetes mellitus (pre-DM) (n=507), and normoglycemia (NG) (n=145). Traditional lipid parameters [triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] and nontraditional lipid parameters [atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), residual cholesterol (RC), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C)] were evaluated for their association with T2DM and pre-DM.ResultsElevated TG levels were significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM and pre-DM, whereas high HDL-C demonstrated a protective effect. Among nontraditional lipid parameters, increased AIP and RC were most strongly associated with T2DM risk, while high non-HDL-C was best associated with the development of pre-DM. Stratified analyses revealed that these associations were stronger in younger, non-obese, smoking, and female NAFLD patients.ConclusionNontraditional lipid parameters, particularly AIP and RC, show superior predictive value over traditional lipid parameters in identifying abnormal glucose metabolism in NAFLD patients. Incorporating these novel biomarkers into clinical practice could enhance early detection and prevention strategies for T2DM and pre-DM in this high-risk population.

Niemann-Pick disease type C1 (NP-C1) is a rare and devastating recessive inherited lysosomal lipid and cholesterol storage disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 gene. These two proteins bind to cholesterol and cooperate in endosomal cholesterol transport. Characteristic clinical manifestations of NP-C1 include hepatosplenomegaly, progressive neurodegeneration, and ataxia. While the rarity of NP-C1 presents a significant obstacle to progress, researchers have developed numerous potential therapeutic approaches over the past two decades to address this condition. Various methods have been proposed and continuously improved to slow the progression of NP-C1, although they are currently at an animal or clinical experimental stage. This overview of NP-C1 therapy will delve into different theoretical treatment strategies, such as small molecule therapies, cell-based approaches, and gene therapy, highlighting the complex therapeutic challenges associated with this disorder.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a severe complication of diabetes, is widely recognized as a primary contributor to end-stage renal disease. Recent studies indicate that the inflammation triggered by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is of paramount importance in the onset and progression of DN. TLR4 can bind to various ligands, including exogenous ligands such as proteins and polysaccharides from bacteria or viruses, as well as endogenous ligands such as biglycan, fibrinogen, and hyaluronan. In DN, the expression or release of TLR4-related ligands is significantly elevated, resulting in excessive TLR4 activation and increased production of proinflammatory cytokines through downstream signaling pathways. This process is closely associated with the progression of DN. Natural compounds are biologically active products derived from natural sources that have advantages in the treatment of certain diseases. Various types of natural compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, glycosides, and polysaccharides, have demonstrated their ability to improve DN by affecting the TLR4 signaling pathway. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of action of TLR4 in DN and the natural compounds that can ameliorate DN by modulating the TLR4 signaling pathway. We specifically highlight the potential of compounds such as curcumin, paclitaxel, berberine, and ursolic acid to inhibit the TLR4 signaling pathway, which provides an important direction of research for the treatment of DN.

Purpose This study aims to compare the mid-term radiographic, clinical results and survivorship between distal tibial tuberosity high tibial osteotomy (DTT-HTO) and conventional biplanar medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (cOW-HTO). Methods The weight-bearing line ratio (WBL%) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were evaluated using a standing anteroposterior view of lower extremity. The posterior tibial slope (PTS), Caton-Deschamps index (CDI), tilting angle (TT) and lateral shift ratio (LSR) were evaluated using the lateral views and Merchant views. The Knee Society (KS) knee and function score, Lysholm score, and Anterior Knee Pain Scale (Kujala score) were were used to evaluate the functional outcomes. All parameters were evaluated preoperatively and at the final follow-up. The postoperative complications and survivorship for both groups were also evaluated during the follow-up period. Results The WBL% and MPTA exhibited no significant differences between the two groups preoperatively and at the final follow-up. The postoperative CDI and TT in the cOW group decreased significantly compared with the DTT group ( p = .037 and .041, respectively). The PF grade showed a significant increase after DTT-HTO and cOW-HTO ( p = .036 and

BackgroundThe integration of telehealth-supported programs in chronic disease management has become increasingly common. However, its effectiveness for individuals with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remains unclear. ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness of telehealth-supported exercise or physical activity programs for individuals with KOA. MethodsA comprehensive literature search encompassing Embase, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, PEDro, GreyNet, and medRxiv from inception to September 2023 was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials comparing telehealth-supported exercise or physical activity programs to a control condition for KOA. Data were extracted and qualitatively synthesized across eligible studies, and a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects. The study was reported according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020. ResultsIn total, 23 studies met eligibility criteria, with 20 included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that telehealth-supported exercise or physical activity programs reduced pain (g=–0.39; 95% CI –0.67 to –0.11; P

Fish egg poisoning is a serious and neglected public menace that kills hundreds of people and numerous poultry each year. Freshwater groupers (Acrossocheilus fasciatus) are common food fish in the southeastern regions of China. Their toxic eggs are regarded as a significant public health concern. The molecular mechanisms of egg-toxin toxicity in freshwater grouper to poisoned organisms are elusive. In this study, black-boned chicks were exposed to toxic eggs from freshwater grouper at a lethal dose. The hepatic morphology of the intoxicated chick was assessed. An analysis of the liver gene expression profile was conducted by comparing samples exposed to toxic eggs with control samples using RNA-Seq. The result revealed that an increase in vacuolation and congestion was observed in chicks with toxic eggs exposure. The transcriptome analysis revealed 5421 genes with differential expression, comprising 2810 up-regulated and 2611 down-regulated genes. The genes were primarily linked to energy metabolism, cell apoptosis, cell adhesion, exogenous microbial infection, and cell junction. The most strongly upregulated genes were cholecystokinin (CCK), cholecystokinin A receptor (CCKAR), and unc-80 homolog, NALCN activator (UNC80), and the most downregulated genes were glycine amidinotransferase (GATM), fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), and hexokinase 2 (HKDC1). GO term with the highest enrichment of DEGs is nucleosome assembly. According to KEGG pathways, the three most significant metabolic pathways in the liver are DNA replication, retinol metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. The results could be crucial for comprehending the negative biological impacts of egg-toxin and its toxic mechanisms. The outcome could provide potential biomarkers of egg-toxin exposure in hepatic, which might be useful for manufacturing an antidote to egg-toxin and providing valuable insights for ecotoxicity studies.

Abstract Using (27.12 ± 0.14) × 108 ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, the decay of ψ(3686) → Ω − K + Ξ ¯ 0 $$ {\varOmega}^{-}{K}^{+}{\overline{\Xi}}^0 $$ + c.c. is observed for the first time. The branching fraction of this decay is measured to be B ψ 3686 → Ω − K + Ξ ¯ 0 + c . c . $$ {\mathcal{B}}_{\psi (3686)\to {\varOmega}^{-}{K}^{+}{\overline{\Xi}}^0+\textrm{c}.\textrm{c}.} $$ = (2.78 ± 0.40 ± 0.18) × 10 −6, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. Possible baryon excited states are searched for in this decay, but no evident intermediate state is observed with the current sample size.

Establishing the corresponding forecasting models based on numerical model that fails to capture gale events is helpful to improve the ability to forecast gales in coastal areas of China. First, we screened for gale events occurred in coastal areas of Qingdao from 2016 to 2019, and established the dataset of gale events that are missed by the forecast with ECMWF (European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecast) high resolution model (hereinafter referred to as EC model). Second, based on support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN) and long short-term memory network (LSTM) algorithms, we established the forecast models for gales along the coast of Qingdao, and used these models to revise the wind speed forecasted by the EC model. Finally, after comparative analysis, a model suitable for forecasting gale along the coast of Qingdao, i.e. the forecast model SVM_2 based on SVM algorithm, was selected and its operational forecasting results were ex⁃ amined. Results show that the SVM_2 model has the smallest forecast error for wind speed compared to other models. In order to evaluate the prediction performance of SVM_2 model in terms of the gale events, two gale events occurred in the coast of Qingdao and influenced by differ⁃ ent weather systems are selected to further examine the prediction error of SVM_2 model and EC model for the gale events. The results show that the error of the maximum wind speed forecasted by the SVM_2 model against the observations is significantly smaller than that of the EC model, and the SVM_2 model also has some improvement on the weak gale along the coast of Qingdao compared to the forecast by EC model.